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Volume 65, Issue 10
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Farm Animal Medicine and Animal Health
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Naohito KUSAKARI, Kazuhiro SENNA, Manabu OIKAWA, Tsunao HIRAIArticle type: Original Article
2012 Volume 65 Issue 10 Pages 757-761
Published: October 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of the current study was to evaluate associations between herd management practices and the outbreak of salmonellosis in 169 dairy farms in 2 areas of eastern Hokkaido between 1999 and 2006. The majority of the outbreaks occurred between August and October. In 21 farms with a previous history of salmonellosis, free-stall housing was used more frequently and the size of the herd was larger than in those without a history. In 7 of 11 farms where detailed information was available, the first case of each outbreak was a cow within its first 100 days of lactation. Salmonella testing of a total of 2,447 lactating cows at outbreaks revealed a higher prevalence in this period during the whole lactation cycle. The percentage of lactating cows between 31 and 60 days postpartum that showed less than 2.8% of milk protein was significantly higher in dairy farms with a history of outbreaks than in those without history. These results indicate that, in addition to integrative herd management due to the expansion of herd size, the causes of decreased milk proteins postpartum or during early lactation, such as decreased ruminal fermentation, may also be a potential factor for the occurrence of increased outbreaks of salmonellosis in dairy cows.View full abstractDownload PDF (305K) -
Takumichi ISHII, Zenjirou SAKAGUCHI, Terunori KOREEDA, Hiraku MORIKI, ...Article type: Short Communication
2012 Volume 65 Issue 10 Pages 762-766
Published: October 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA herd of 33 Japanese black breeding cows were fed with imported perennial ryegrass straw. Among the herd, 4 cows showed anorexia on the 6th or 7th day of feeding, and one showed tremors, opisthotonus, and astasia, leading to death. Endophyte-like hyphae were observed in the straw seeds. Each cow was fed 6 kg of straw per day. The approximate concentration of lolitrem B was 2,000μg/kg. This strongly suggested that the cows ingested toxic levels of lolitrem B. Acute nitrate poisoning, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, cerebrocortical necrosis, BSE, encephalomyelitis, or poisoning by choline esterase inhibitor was ruled out by clinical examination. On the basis of these observations, neurological symptoms observed in the dead cow were determined to be due to ryegrass staggers. These findings in the present case can provide further information about the pathogenesis of ryegrass staggers, including toxic levels of lolitrem B for Japanese Black cattle.View full abstractDownload PDF (391K) -
Konosuke OTOMARU, Sei KUBOTA, Hiromichi OHTSUKA, Takaaki ANDO, Masater ...Article type: Short Communication
2012 Volume 65 Issue 10 Pages 767-770
Published: October 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAfter Japanese Black calves aged 3 to 4 months were introduced to a farm, the calves were administrated mixed vaccine including inactivated Pasteurella multocida (Pm), Mannheimia haemolytica (Mh) and Histophilus somni (Hs) to evaluate the effect of the vaccine in preventing respiratory disease. The incidence of respiratory disease in the vaccination group were 46.2% (242 of 524 heads), significantly lower than the 63.9% (341 of 534 heads) in the control group without vaccination. Mean serum antibody titers against Pm, Mh and Hs in the vaccination group (9 heads) were significantly increased 4 weeks post- administration compared with those pre-administration. Meanwhile, the mean titers against Pm and Mh in the control group (9 heads) increased after introduction to the farm, and the mean titer against Hs was gradually increased from 4 to 12 weeks after introduction to the farm. These results suggest that one or more of Pm, Mh, and Hs could be associated with the development of respiratory disease on the farm and that anti-Pm, anti-Mh, and anti-HS serum antibodies induced by the vaccine decreased the incidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (249K) -
Yuki NANAO, Takanori UENOArticle type: Short Communication
2012 Volume 65 Issue 10 Pages 771-775
Published: October 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo thoroughbred mares aged 18 and 19 years showed clinical signs suggestive of equine Cushing’s disease (ECD), including hirsutism, abnormal hair coat shedding, polydipsia, polyuria, excessive sweating, frequent infections, muscle loss, laminitis, and infertility. Dexamethasone-suppression tests (DST) were performed to confirm ECD and serum cortisol concentrations at 19 hours after administration of dexamethasone were greater than 1.0μg/dl in both cases. The two cases were euthanized because of poor prognosis and the severity of laminitis. At necropsy, pituitary glands were enlarged. Histologically, adenomas of the pars intermedia were identified in both cases. It's desirable that early diagnosis by DST be made in older horses suspected ECD.View full abstractDownload PDF (525K) -
Manabu YAMADA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...Article type: Data and Information
2012 Volume 65 Issue 10 Pages 776-780
Published: October 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (798K)
Small Animal Medicine
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Hidetaka NISHIDA, Masanari NAKAYAMAArticle type: Review
2012 Volume 65 Issue 10 Pages 781-785
Published: October 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (267K) -
Makiko NITTA, Masashi YUKIArticle type: Short Communication
2012 Volume 65 Issue 10 Pages 786-789
Published: October 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn 8-year-old spayed female Papillon was referred with depression, anorexia, and acute diarrhea. The dog had been diagnosed with megaesophagus and hypothyroidism 10 months earlier and had recovered with levothyroxine sodium. At this time, a serum biochemical profile showed hypoproteinemia and hypoglycemia.A diagnosis of primary adrenocortical insufficiency was established based on the results of an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test and endogenous plasma ACTH determination. Since the electrolyte levels were normal, the dog was diagnosed as having atypical hypoadrenocorticism. The dog responded well to prednisolone therapy. The combination of primary hypothyroidism and hypoadrenocorticism suggests autoimmune polyendocrinopathy.View full abstractDownload PDF (259K)
Veterinary Public Health, Wildlife and Environmental Conservation
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Kayoko MATSUO, Hiroshi SATOArticle type: Original Article
2012 Volume 65 Issue 10 Pages 791-794
Published: October 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe prevalence of Sarcocystis cysts in the myocardium of cattle slaughtered in Gifu Prefecture was evaluated. The specimens were identified as Sarcocystis cruzi by PCR-direct sequencing and a morphological examination of the cyst. The cyst wall was smooth and thin. The cysts measured 273.9～936.8μm (n = 33, with an average of 482.9μm)× 78.9 ～242.1μm (143.4μm) in size. Sarcocystis cysts were detected in 94.3% (50/53head) of old dairy cows (Holstein), 53.6% (30/56) of Japanese black beef cattle, and 32.3% (20/62) of crossbred beef cattle. The average numbers of cysts detected per tissue section were 11.1 (range 1h141) for Holsteins,4.1 (1h23) for Japanese black cattle, and 6.0 (1h41) for crossbred cattle, suggesting that some individual cattle in all breeds possess high numbers of cysts. Immunostaining with antiserum against the toxicity protein of S. fayeri, a cause of food poisoning due to raw horsemeat, showed a positive reaction around S. cruzi bradyzoites in the cysts.View full abstractDownload PDF (363K)
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