We studied some chemical constituents of sheep blood, comparing those of the Mongolian and Merino races. The results obtained from 20 Mongolian and 20 Merino are described below.
(1) The serum-protein distribution of Mongolian sheep are such as, the total serum nitrogen 1232±21 mg/dl, the non-protein nitrogen 75±12mg/dl, the total protein nitrogen 1158±33mg/dl, the albumin nitrogen 524±18 mg/dl, the total globulin nitrogen 634±38mg/dl, the pseudoglobulin I nitrogen 433±25mh/dl, the pseudoglobulin II nitrogen 91±29mg/dl and the euglobulin 109±19mg/dl, while, in Merino sheep, the total nitrogen is 1137±64mg/dl, the non-protein nitrogen 38±5mg/dl, the total protein nitrogen 1101±63mg/dl, the albumin nitrogen 531±40mg/dl, the total globulin nitrogen 564±71mg/dl, the pseudoglobulin I nitrogen 280±17mg/dl, the pseudoglobulin II nitrogen 134±43mg/dl and the euglobulin nitrogen 167±69mg/dl. (Table 1.)
(2) The glutathione content of the Mongolian sheep is higher than that of the Merino. That of the Mongolian is 62.60±5.15mg/dl, while that of the Merino 57.92±2.94mg/dl. (Table 2).
(3) The sugar content of Mongolian sheep is 70.46±10.67mg/dl, higher than that of the Merino, which shows a content of 64.00±7.35mg/dl. (Table 3).
(4) The chlorine content of blood is 312.06±9.92mg/dl in the Mongolian sheep and 312.59±5.65mg/dl in the Merino. It seems to be almost the same in the 2 races. (Table 4).

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(1) The culture of Bac. mallei was chemically analyzed. The results are shown in Table 1. Namely the quantity of total solid is about 10%, including 7-8% of ether soluble substances and about 80% of crude protein. The quantity of pure protein varies according to the culture media.
(2) The nitrogen distribution of proteins obtained from glanders bacilli, which show the so called mallein reaction, was examined. The results are described in Table 2. Of 3 sorts of protein, namely bacterial protein, mallein “34” and heatlabile toxic substance, the 2 latter are chemically more closely related to one another than to bacterial protein, which contains far less humin than the others.
(3) The relation between the growth of Bac. mallei and its nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolisms was studied. (Table 3).
(a) Bac. mallei synthesizes the proteins. (Chart 1).
(b) From the fact that the total quantity of nitrogen diminishes during cultivation of Bac. mallei, the production of volatile nitrogen compounds, known as amide and ammonia, was proved. (Chart 2, 3 and 8).
(c) Bac. mallei splits glucose. (Chart 4).
(d) Bac. mallei synthesizes the combined sugar. (Chart 5).
(e) Bac. mallei, when cultivated in the glucose pepton-water, does not so readily form acid, as does Bac. whitmori. (Chart 6 and 7).

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In the first report, (1) it was shown that a marked specific complement-fixation occurs between a boiled extract of calf lymphatic gland, obtained from laboratory cases of rinderpest and an antirinderpest serum, obtained from cattle which have been hyperimmunized by several injections of large quantities of fresh pest lymphatic gland. In this reaction, an unheated serum must be used, as it loses its activity completely when it is heated in a water-bath at 55°C for 30 minutes. The question then arises: May such thermolabile specific antibody exist? To elucidate this problem, some experiments were made, results of which are reported in this communication and are summarized as follows:
(1) Activity of heated immune serum is reproducible by addition of an unheated normal cattle serum, which can not demonstrate any slight reaction by itself. Such reactivating effect of normal serum is also completely destroyed when it is heated at the temperature, which inactivates the immune serum.
These facts suggest that the immune serum contains 2 different components, thermostable and thermolabile, which cause a positive reaction with the specific antigen under their co-operation.
The thermolabile component is found not only in the immune serum, but also in normal serum and so it is obvious that this component is not a product of the immunisation process. On the other hand, the thermostable component is demonstrable only in the immune serum and can be probably said to be a "specific antibody". The immune serum loses its activity when it is heated at 55°C., because its thermolabile component is inactivated at that temperature, though the antibody remains still unchanged, and the heated serum recovers its activity, when the lack of the thermolabile component is supplied with the new one in normal serum.
(2) Is such mechanism of complement-fixation specific only to the rinderpest reaction? Some 20 years ago, Takano reported about a special complement-fixation with cattle serum, which occurs under the mechanism quitely similar to that described above about the rinderpest reaction. He found that the hyperimmunized cattle sera against Bac. typhosus, Bac. dysenteriae or Vibrio cholerae fix complements with the homologous antigen, when the serum is used without heating, while the reaction failed completely when the serum was previously heated at 55°C. He experienced further that the heated immune serum recovers its activity when an unheated normal cattle serum is added.
It is well known that certain complement fixations-with cattle serum, such as those in contagious pleuropneumonia, Bang infection, etc., belong to the ordinary reaction and occur with heated serum. So 2 kinds of complement-fixation, which occur under different mechanism, may be distinguished when cattle serum is used as the antibody.
(3) Further experiments show that the normal serum of some animals, such as sheep, goat, horse and rabbit, has also an effect similar to that of cattle serum on heated anti-rinderpest serum to reproduce its lost activity, while the normal serum of another group of animal, such as guinea-pig, swine, goose and fowl, fails to do so.
(4) Through CO₂ gas, the thermplabile component is precipitated from the immune and normal serum, while the thermostable component (antibody) in the immune serum remains in the supernatant fraction. By this method, 2 components in the immune serum can be easily separated.
When the serum is fractionated by high concentration of ammonium sulphate, the whole of the thermolabile component and a large part of the thermostable component are precipitated in the euglobulin fraction, though a small part of the latter component is often still demonstrable in the pseudoglobulin fraction.
When the globulin fraction is separated into water-soluble and water-insoluble parts by means of dialysis through collodion membrane, 2 above-mentioned components are also clearly separated,

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In our country, epidemical outbreaks of the equine-abortion due to Bac. abortus equi have been long recognized. Moreover, it has been also ascertained by our investigations that this organism served to cause the other morbid forms in horses, namely, the formation of abscess in several parts of the body, being accompanied with fever, sometimes with anaemia. However, any case of the infection due to this organism in man has not yet been noted as far as we know.
The fact can be described as follows:
On the 19th of March, 1936, the veterinarian (Mr. O. J) of a horse farming association, treated the mare which miscarried on the preceeding day by the infection of Bac. abortus equi, inserting his right arm in the vagina for irrigation of the uterus. On the next day, the development of 4 furuncle-like boils having been found on the skin of the arm, he visited our laboratory to ascertain whether or not they are rendered to the infection of Bac. abortus equi. So, the serous fluid obtained from the boil having been cultivated, the colonies closely related to those of Bac. abortus equi were observed with some colonies of Staphylococcus. As regards the boil, 2 of them showed a heiling course with the scab-formation, but the other 2 developed to the painful swelling surrounded with red inflammatory area. Meanwhile the patient had an attack of fever, followed by the swelling of axillary gland. When he received the surgical treatment at a hospital on the 27th day, the cultivation of yellowish white pus from the lesion showed also the growth of colonies resembled to those of Bac. abortus equi.
The serological examinations having been carried on, the following results were obtained.
(1) From the results of cross test with Serum of the rabbit immunized with Bac. abortus equi (S. strain) and the isolated bacteri (J. strain) respectively, it was noted that the isolated bacteria is similar to B. abortus equi in the agglutinability. (Table I).
(2) An analysis of H and O receptors having been performed, any difference was not demonstrated in both organisms. (Table II and III).
(3) However, the serum obtained from the patient exhibits a negative result when tested with both strains. (Table IV).
As far as these serological experiments go, the organism under discussion is identical with Bac. abortus equi and it is probably believed that Bac. abortus equi can invade the skin tissue of human body, as Bang bacillus does.

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