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Volume 33 (1977)
- Issue 6 Pages 297-
- Issue 5 Pages 235-
- Issue 4 Pages 169-
- Issue 3 Pages 115-
- Issue 2 Pages 55-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 33, Issue 4
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Non-geostrophic Baroclinic ModeTakashi ICHIYE1977 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 169-182
Published: August 31, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA circular storm moves with a constant speed c along a geostrophic flow similar to a western boundary current in the upper layer of a two-layer ocean with the motionless lower layer. The linear inertia terms are retained. Effects of the current becomes more conspicuous for smallerc and insignificant forc above 10ms-1. The inertia effects are manifested in cellular patterns of the interface perturbations with cell lengths ofπ(c-ν) f-1in a wake of the storm with a radius of an order of 100 km, whereνis the current velocity. On the left hand edge where the flow has a strong shear, the interface displacements have large amplitudes which increase with a distance along the path in a wake of the storm. These disturbances propagate to the left of the edge within an angle of cot-1 (c2/gεH0-1), where gε is the reduced gravity and Ho is the depth of the interface at the edge of the current. Comparison with the observations during Typhoon Trix in 1971 south of Japan suggests that fluctuations of the daily mean sea level with several days' periods observed along the southern coast of Japan may be due to the stationary oscillations of the Kuroshio caused by the inertia undulations along its left edge or due to the propagating perturbations to the left.View full abstractDownload PDF (1899K) -
J. R. DONGUY, C. HENIN1977 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 183-189
Published: August 31, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince 1973, four Japanese are carriers have made regular surface measurements of temperature and salinity, every 60 nautical miles, between New Caledonia and Japan. They have followed two different routes; a western one from Noumea (22°16'S, 166°27'E) in New-Caledonia to Miyazu, Wakasa Bay (35°32'N, 135°12'E) in Japan crossing the equator at 150°E, and an eastern one to Hachinohe (40°32'N, 141°32'E) in Japan crossing the equator at 160°E. On each of these routes, the seasonal variations of navifacial temperature and salinity have been described in connection with the meteorology. Long-term variations have also been revealed. Finally, a description of the surface water masses has been attempted.View full abstractDownload PDF (2616K) -
Kuniaki OKUDA, Sanshiro KAWAI, Yoshiaki TOBA1977 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 190-198
Published: August 31, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMeasurements of local values of the skin friction have been made at many points along the surface of representative wind wave crests in a wind wave tunnel, by use of the distortion of hydrogen-bubble lines. The results obtained at 2.85-m fetch under 6.2ms-1wind speed show that the intensity of the skin friction varies greatly along the surface of wind waves as a function of the phase angle. It increases rather continuously at the windward surface toward the crest, attains a value of about 12 dyn cm-2near the crest, decreases suddenly just past the crest, and the value at the lee surface is substantially zero Values of the skin friction thus determined along the representative wind waves give an average value of 3.6 dyn cm-2, rather exceeding the overall stress value of 3.0 dyn cm-2which has been estimated from the wind profile. The results are interpreted as that the skin friction bears most of the shearing stress of wind, and that it exerts most intensively around the representative wave crests at their windward faces.View full abstractDownload PDF (3876K) -
a Two-layer Ocean with Basic FlowMasahisa KUBOTA1977 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 199-206
Published: August 31, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe characteristics of free topographic trapped waves are investigated numerically for a two-layer model with basic flow, which is uniform, geostrophically balanced motion flowing parallel to the coast. Six modes are identified for this model with depth variations. They are external and internal Kelvin modes, a topographic Rossby mode, and additional three modes. The two of the additional modes are interesting. The first one is a quasigeostrophic surface-trapped mode, while the second one is a quasi-geostrophic bottom-trapped mode. It is suggested that baroclinic instability takes place when these two modes take a resonance coupling each other.View full abstractDownload PDF (1259K) -
Yukio OONISHI1977 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 207-218
Published: August 31, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA fundamental mechanism of generation of the tidal residual flow, the steady or quasi-steady flow induced in the tidal current system, is studied by numerical methods. The model basin is a very simple one, a rectangular basin of 5m×10m of constant depth and with a cape of 4 m length jutting out at a right angle from the center of the longer side wall. This basin has the same topography as that studied by YANAGI (1976) by means of the hydraulic model experiments.
The steady, circular, horizontal current is found to be induced through the following processes. Horizontal friction at the coast makes the vorticity of vertical component in the oscillating flow. Self-interaction of this flow causes the vorticity transfer to the steady flow in frequency domain. This vorticity transfer is confined in the narrow coastal boundary layer. The steady flow advects the transferred vorticity and makes itself develop fully wide over the bay. In other words, there are two kinds of ‘cascade-up’, one with regard to time scale and the other with regard to horizontal space scale.
When the tidal range, the tidal period and the horizontal eddy viscosity change under the condition that the model geometry is fixed, the nondimensional parameter which controlls the steady flow is found to be the Reynolds number of the oscillating flow.View full abstractDownload PDF (4217K) -
Peter A. KOELLER1977 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 219-226
Published: August 31, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIsolated populations of three bathypelagic copepods, Spinocalanus brevicaudatus, Scaphocalanus brevicornisandHeterorhabdus tanneriare shown to exist in the deeper inlets of the British Columbia mainland coast. The three species probably breed throughout the year. The possible significance of some observed migration patterns is discussed. It is shown that useful biological information on bathypelagic organisms can be obtained from relatively accessible and highly productive coastal fjords.View full abstractDownload PDF (1158K) -
Eiji MATSUMOTO, C. S. WONG1977 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 227-233
Published: August 31, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Mackenzie River estuary serves as an avenue for suspended particles to pass seaward. The horizontal distribution of surface suspended particles is compartible with the distribution of low-salinity surface waters. The water structure in the shelf areais highly stratified in summer due to a thin upper layer of low-salinity which has a high concentration of suspended particles. The concentration of suspended particles decreases with depth, but near the bottom a turbid layer had often been observed. It is likely that bottom current energy high enough to erode and maintain in suspension the bottom sediments below 15μm in diameter does occur over this shelf area.View full abstractDownload PDF (822K)
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