(1) The power required for the operation of an inclined rotating cylinder of which the depth is uniform can be calculated by the following formula which was presented in the former report. As the inclination of the cylinder is generally small,
(1)
where K=coefficient of correction for fullness. [see former report, eq. (20)], D=inside diameter of cylinder [m], L=length of cylinder [m], S_p=specific gravity of material, n=rate of rotation [rpm], α=natural angle of repose of material, C₁, C₂= coefficient of fullness [see former report, fig. (3)].
In practice, however, a given value for the calculation of eq. (1). is not fullness, but feed rate. Therefore, it is necessary to know fullness from feed rate before this calculation.
The relation between feed rate and minimum path radius which is given by W.C. Seaman, is as follows:
(2)
where q=feed rate [m³/min], φ=inclination of cylinder [m/m], R=radius of cylinder=D/2 [m], r₀=minimum path radius [m].
And the relation between minimum path radius and fullness is.
(3)
where F=fullness
(2) The power required for the operation of an inclined ratating cylinder of which the bed depth is not uniform is calculated by means of diagramatic integration of the following formula:
(4)
In this case, the relation between feed rate and minimum path radius is given by approximate integration as ψ or dr₀/dx.
(5)
When r₀ or fullness for several values of x is known from eq. (5), the power required for the inclined rotating cylinder of which the bed depth is not uniform can be calculated by eq. (4).

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In treating the adiabatic cooling lines, the specific heats of air and water vapor have both been taken as constants. But this does not hold good when applied to the broad range of temperature.
In this report, the formula and chart of the adiabatic cooling lines, which have specific heats as the functions of temperature, are presented to show air-water vapor system at normal pressure.
The formula derived is:
Fig. 1 represents the chart, in which the comparisons are shown. In this case, too, adiabatic saturation lines conform to adiabatic cooling or adiabatic humidification lines. This relation is also verified in this report.

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Slurries for ignition-plugs were filtered at constant pressure. Ruth's coef. of filtration K for the slurries was found to be independent of V when s≥0.20, but to be a function of V when s≤0.17.
In cases, where 0.45≥s≥0.20, we obtained the equation:
and
Nomenclature:
K=Ruth's coefficient of Constant-pressure filtration (l²/min), i.e. (V+C)²=K(θ+θ₀)(K₂₀=K at 20°C).
V=filtrate volume (l) at time θ(min).
A=filter cloth area (dm²).
ΔP=Pressure drop (kg/cm²).
μ=filtrate viscosity in c. p. (μ₂₀=μ at 20°C)
ρ=filtrate density (kgm/l).
m=ratio of wet cake weight to dry cake weight.
s=slurry concentration in gm solid per gm slurry.
α=Ruth's specific resistance.

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Wetted area of Raschig rings (1/2″, 1″ and 11/2″) in packed columns without gas flow is determined by the similar method as employed by Mayo, Hunter and Nash. Effects of water flow rates, number of distributor nozzles and packed height on the wetted fractional area, a/a_t, are investigated.
Effects of number of nozzles in the case of 1″ rings are shown in Fig. 1a, from which the correction factor C represented by Eq. 1, is derived. The corrected values of a/a_t are plotted against the water flow rates in Fig. 1b. As shown in Fig. 2, except in the case of 11/2″ rings, the replacement of water rate, L, by the Reynolds number, L/a_tμ, seems to give a better correlation. The smooth curve in Fig. 2 is represented by Eq. 2. Fig. 3 shows that the packed length has little effect on the wetted area. The result obtained gives the highest wetted area found among previous investigations, although with a few exceptions (Fig. 4), which seems to be quite reasonable in consideration of the difference between the experimental methods enployed by us and those by the previous investigators.

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Pure carbon dioxide from cylinder was absorbed into city water in a 2″ column packed with small glass rings.
Assuming no resistance in gas phase, liquid-film coefficient was calculated and the effects of liquid and gas rate on it were investigated.
Gas rate was varied from 20 to 1000kg/m²hr, but the coefficient was independent of gas rate as shown in Fig. 2. This conclusion was in agreement with the results arrived at by previous investigators.
The range of liquid rate was from 250 to 60000kg/m²hr. Liquid-film coefficient varied as the 0.54 power of liquid rate above 6000. But below 6000, the coefficient was proportional to L^0.77 as shown in Fig. 6.

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Experiments on physical and chemical absorption of carbon dioxide in water and aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide were carried out in wetted-wall column of standard 11/2-in. iron pipe. From the over-all coefficients, K_OG, experimentally determined, and the gas-film coefficients, k_G, calculated by the Gilliland-Sherwood correlation³⁾, the liquid-film coefficients of the absorption, accompanied by chemical reaction in the liquid phase, were obtained as the product of the liquidfilm coefficients of physical absorption, k_L, Henry's constant of salt solution, H, and the chemical reaction factor, β. The experimentally determined values of k_L which were used to calculate the value of β were found to be greater than the theoretical equation, (2b), as shown in Fig. 3 as well as in Fig. 107 of Sherwood-Pigford book⁹⁾. Referring to the theoretical treatment developed by Hatta^4b) and Matsuyama⁷⁾, the theoretical equation, (11), was derived for the factor β in continuous operation, employing some practical assumptions. This is slightly different from the Hatta's equation, (5)', only over the range of X smaller than three, and the experimental values of β fall fairly near both these equations as shown in Fig. 4. Consequently, the present equations as well as the Hatta's may safely be applicable to the chemical absorption in continuous equipments.

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From a stand-point that entropy is numerical measure of the second law of thermadynamics, a definition that "Increase of entropy in an isolated system when change occurs is defined as degree of irreversibility of the process in the system" is adopted, and from this qualitative definition, quantitative definition of entropy of materials is introduced.

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[in Japanese]

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