化学工学
Print ISSN : 0375-9253
26 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1~9を表示しています
  • 清水 賢, 森田 徳義
    1962 年 26 巻 12 号 p. 1232-1238
    発行日: 1962/12/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    Natural circulation of air in a loop cylinder induced by heating a part of one of the vertical arms was investigated.
    The method of analysis was the same used previously for the natural convection of air in vertical cylinders. From the energy equation of fluid flow combined with the continuity equation, the temperature distribution in the loop was obtained as Eqs.(5) and (6). These functions were applied to the momentum equation and were integrated over the total volume of the loop. The result is given by Eq.(13) or, after a few approximations, by Eq.(16), by which the rate of the circulation, or the Reynolds number, can be estimated from the wall temperature and the geometric conditions of the loop.
    Fig. 1 illustrates the structure of the loops and Table 1 gives the conditions and the main results of experiments. In Fig. 2, the mean reduced temperature of air at the upstream end of the heating section is given as a fuction of a for the conditions of L/r0=191 and l/ro=10.4. Thus, under the conditions shown in Table 1, the temperature of air at the inlet of the heating section can be assumed to be very close to the room temperature.
    Fig. 3 illustrates the relations of aα vs. Tw-Too, Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate the wall temperature of the heating section required to get a given value of a when the length of the horizontal arms is varied, and Fig. 6 illustrates the effect of the height of the heating section on the values of Good coincidences were observed between the experimental and the estimated values.
    The effect of the curvature of the bends on the natural circulation was discussed under the view of White.
  • 谷本 明, 鹿子 木寛, 太田 光一, 藤田 重文
    1962 年 26 巻 12 号 p. 1239-1245
    発行日: 1962/12/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    The authors carried out experiments similar to the work of Tin and McCabe. Tin and McCabe found two groups of supersolubility curves for MgSO4·E7H20 in continuously cooled, stirred, and seeded solutions. The location of these curves wa shown as dependent on several factors, but no attempt was made to derive any quantitative relations among them.
    In our experiments, unseeded and seeded solutions of copper sulfate were allowed to cool in a batch agitating vessel with cooling jacket at constantstirring speed. The flow rate of cooling water was kept constant, without contrriling the cooling rate.
    The ranges of experimental variables were as follows:
    Stirring speed in r. p. m. 140-780
    Rate of cooling water (w) in g/sec 10-80
    g. of seed crystals (CuSO4·5H20) per 100g. soln.(S) 0-10
    Initial sat'd. concn. of anhydrate in wt. per cent 22-32
    Corresponding initial sat'd. temperature in °C 38-70
    Observations were made on the point where the first nucleus appeared and the point where sudden crystallization took place, while simultaneously, the relations of time with temperature and concentration were determined.
    The point where temperature and concentration producedthe first appearance of crystals was named“first supersaturation point” and the point wheresudden crystallization occurred was called“second supersaturation point.”
    The temperature and concentration values at these points were determined from an analysis of the curves and the results of observation obtained under experimental conditions. The first supersaturation point thus obtained was plotted in Fig. 4, and the second supersaturation point in Figs. 2 to 3e.
    Fig. 4 shows an unique supersolubility curve which is obviously independent of the variables tested here. This fact differs from the results of Tin and McCabe. On the contrary, Figs. 2 to 3e indicate clearly the effects of stirring speed, theamount of seed crytals and the flow rate of cooling water. This shows a coincidence with their work qualitatively.
    The authors, therefore, attempted to correlate the data of the second supersaturation point, and obtained an experimental but dimensionless relation, as follows:CII′/CSII′=1.18(wcw/UAk)0.1·exp.(-0.028S)
    where CII′ and CsII′ are the second supersaturated and the saturated concentrations of CuSO4 at the same temperature, U is the over-all heat transfer coefficient, Ah, is the heat transfer area of agitated vessel, and cw, , is the heat capacity of cooling water, respectively.
    It is shown in Fig. 7 that the above relation coincides with the results of experiments within an accuracy of 10 per cent.
  • 平田 光穂, 広瀬 泰雄, 光島 弘次, 小笠原 正治
    1962 年 26 巻 12 号 p. 1246-1250
    発行日: 1962/12/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    抽出蒸留の添加剤に関する基礎的研究は相当古くから行なわれている。しかし基礎的データは不足であって,今なおその集積が要望されている。
    ここでは沸点が近い四塩化炭素(76.8℃)-ベソゼン(80.1℃)系を原系とし,これに第三成分としてペソゼン誘導体(トルエン,キシレン,モノクロルベソゼン,o-ジクロルベンゼン)を添加した場合の気液平衡データを大気圧下で測定したので報告する。
    また同じ原系に対して他の添加剤を加えた場合の報告をも合せて,抽出蒸留の添加剤の作用について若干の考察を行なった。
  • 大谷 精弥, 遠藤 瞭
    1962 年 26 巻 12 号 p. 1251-1258
    発行日: 1962/12/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    Based on the new research result obtained in the laboratory process of manufacturing hydroxylamine by three stages, oxidation of ammonia, absorption of nitrous anhydride gas by ammonium sulfite aqueous solution and reduction of the solution by sulfur dioxide, a pilot plant test was done and the following results were obtained.
    (1) The yield of hydroxylamine from ammonia in this process is 5-10% higher than that of the process in which ammonium carbonate solution is used as a solvent, and the amount of byproducts, ammonium nitrate and ammonium salt of sulfamic acid, is 2/3-1/2 of that in the latter process.
    (2) In the oxidation of ammonia, Pt-Rh catalyst showed the average yield of 86.4% and this yield affects the yield of the following absorption tower.
    (3) In the absorption of nitrous anhydride gas, the composition of the gas p is the important factor which affects the yield, and the analysis was done by using the constant of trimolecular reaction velocity observed by Bodenstein.
    As the results, it is observed that the oxidation of NO in the absorption tower can not be ignored and that the optimum p is less than 0.40.
    (4) In manufacturing hydroxylamine, the most effective factor is the Iodine value ratio of the absorved solvent, the optimum ratio of which is 21%.
    (5) The apparent heat of reaction between nitrous anhydride gas and ammonium sulfite solution in this process was measured and the average value of 34.7kcal/(NH4)2SO3mole was obtained.
  • 八幡屋 正, 桐山 良一
    1962 年 26 巻 12 号 p. 1259-1263
    発行日: 1962/12/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 城塚 正, 豊倉 賢
    1962 年 26 巻 12 号 p. 1263-1271
    発行日: 1962/12/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 守山 逸朗
    1962 年 26 巻 12 号 p. 1271-1277
    発行日: 1962/12/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 山田 保
    1962 年 26 巻 12 号 p. 1277-1284
    発行日: 1962/12/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 松下 徹
    1962 年 26 巻 12 号 p. 1284-1289
    発行日: 1962/12/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
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