化学工学
Print ISSN : 0375-9253
26 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1~8を表示しています
  • 中島 正基, 松井 宏安, 広田 昇治
    1962 年 26 巻 2 号 p. 344-350
    発行日: 1962/02/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    A calculation method similar to the one employed in the design of a barometric condenser which was previously reported by the authors is applied to the calculation of dehumidification in a counter-current direct contact cooler-condenser for the air-water mixture having high vapor concentration.
    The type of the cooler-condenser used is the same as that of the borometric condenser reported in the previous paper.
    The quantity of heat transferred from gas mixture to water is given by Eqs.(5) and (6).
    Thus, assuming that the mixture is saturated at the exit, the exit gas condition is determined.
    A method for designing direct contact cooler-condensers by using the above equatons is proposed.
  • 山田 幾穂, 野村 治美
    1962 年 26 巻 2 号 p. 351-360
    発行日: 1962/02/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    Based on the assumptions given below, the authors have given methods for testing thermodynamical consistencies of the data on the equilibrium in isobaric ternary vapor-liquid system in which the third component is non-volatile and of constant concentration. First, [‘Fij’] max and [‘Fijk’RT] i=1-ki=0 are calculated by the zeroth approximation. Secondly, the ternary mixing enthalpy is obtained by Scatchard's method as shown by Eq.(14). Lastly, ΙΔHijΙmax/ΙFij'Ιmax are determined by Herington's relation as given by Eq.(12). The final relations in terms of excess free energies and activity coefficients are given as follows:
    For the above relations the authors have given the following conclusions with respect to thermodynamical consistencies of vapor-liquid equilibrium data.
    In several ternary systems which are shown by Table 4-Table 7, the final conclusions can be given by Table 10.
  • 濃度線図
    片山 俊
    1962 年 26 巻 2 号 p. 361-372
    発行日: 1962/02/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    The measurements of heat of mixing and liquid heat capacity at various tempratures and concentrations were performed for the systems, methanol-water and iso-propanol-water, at 1 atm. The object of the experiments was to obtain the basic data available for constructing enthalpyconcentration charts and for checking thermodynamic consistency of vapor-liquid equilibrium data at various pressures which will be reported in another paper.
    New methods were adopted for the measurements, especially for the measurement of exothemic mixing and heat capacity. Experimental data obtaind are given in Figures 4, 5, 7 and 8, and Tables 1, 2, 5 and 6, and smoothed values, in Tables 3, 4, 7 and 8. The values of heat of mixing for iso-propanol-water system at temperatures other than 20°C, given in Table 8, were calculated from the values of heat of mixing at 20°C and the smoothed values of heat capacity for the system. The values of heat capacity of pure alcohols were somewhat higher than those of I.C.T., but the value for iso-propanol at 50°C was lower. The plots of expansion factor vs. heat capacity were made to check the applicability of Eq.(1), derived by Chow and Bright as a general correlation for liquid of a pure component. Figure 6 shows that the equation mostly holds good not only for pure alcohols but also for the mixtures of alcohols and water at high alcohol concentration, especially at higher temperatures. The poor correlation of Eq.(1) at low concentration may be due to some peculiar properties of water.
    Enthalpy-concentration charts for the two systems at 1atm. were constructed on molal units by the use of the data obtained from this experiment and of other properties from the literature. Figures 10 and 11 show the charts, and Tables 10 and 11 give the calculated values, the datum level for the enthalpies being chosen as pure liquids at 0°C and 1 atm.
    Using these charts, comparison was made between the numbers of the theoretical plates of a distillation column by the Ponchon and the McCabe methods, and the effect of heat loss from column wall on the number of theoretical plates of the Ponchon method was studied. For alcoholwater systems the McCabe method always gives fewer number of plates than the Ponchon method. Figure 11 shows the comparison between the results by these two methods applied to the methanolwater system.
  • 神谷 卓郎, 小川 健次郎
    1962 年 26 巻 2 号 p. 373-377
    発行日: 1962/02/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two methods are prevalent for the recovery of acetone in an acetate dry-spinning plant. One of them is the absorption process and the other, the adsorption one. The latter, having higher recovery efficiency and less steam consumption when employed in rectifying acetone, has come to be more widely used than the former, especially with the improvement in the properties of activated charcoal. But the absorption process has such merits as safety from explosion and possibility of perfectly continuous operation. The lower recovery efficiency, which is one of its drawbacks, can be improved by the circulation of the air laden with vapour. The circulation of the air, together with the use of the multi-stage turboblower and turbine pump helps to increase the thermal efficiency of this process. From this view point, the economical evalution has been made of the absorption process into which several improvements are put by the authors.
    By the application of a multistage turbine pump, higher coefficient of heat transfer is obtainable between the feed and the wast of the rectifying column.
    Furthermore, judging from the characteristics of the equilibrium curve of rectification, there is little difference between the two methods with regard to their construction costs of equipment and their consumption amount of calorific power, when the density of the feed is kept over 2.5% in weight, although, in this case, cool water at the temperature of 5°C or so is required for absorption use.
    The construction cost of the equipment can be much more reduced and the power required in the operation, much more saved, when the said cool water is supplied directly refrigerated with liquid ammonia.
    As to the circulating air, the power of the blower will be used effectively both for promoting the efficiency of the heat exchanger and for heating the air by increasing the compression ratio.
    Table 1 shows the comparison between the old and the new absorption processes with respect to the utility and the construction cost, and Table 3, the results of the actual operation carried out in the authors' plant.
  • 水科 篤郎
    1962 年 26 巻 2 号 p. 378-383
    発行日: 1962/02/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 粟田 悦郎, 池上 佳彦
    1962 年 26 巻 2 号 p. 384-388
    発行日: 1962/02/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 葛岡 常雄, 人見 男胤
    1962 年 26 巻 2 号 p. 389-394
    発行日: 1962/02/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 觜本 五郎, 橋本 清隆
    1962 年 26 巻 2 号 p. 395-399
    発行日: 1962/02/01
    公開日: 2010/10/07
    ジャーナル フリー
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