1) In the epidemic-period (1965-1967), clinical symptoms in the acute stage took an encephalitic, meningitic, spinal meningitic or abortive from while in the sporadic-period (1968-1969), onlyan encephalitic from was found. Fever in the epidemic-period ranged from 37°C to 41°C and inthe sporadic period, from 38°C to 40°C.
Examinations of the relationship between acute symptoms and the prognosis showed a trend that the higher the fever in the acute stage, the higher the mortality, and thelonger the duration of the fever, the greater the incidence of sequelae.
The prognosis was poorer in the cases present of comatose or subcomatose.
2) Four cases showed “transient” syndrome such as affect-amnestic syndrome, aspontaneus-perplexing state, depressive state and paranoid-hallucinatonic state as psychiatrical symptoms.
3) Postencephalic sequelae showed a trend to become fixed 3-4 months after onset and persisted for a long period thereafter.
Breakdown according to age-group indicated alower rate of infection in the younger age group with more severe infection while the incidence was higher in the middle and old-agegroups and the severity was less, but the duration was longer.
Cranial nerve symptoms, pyramidal tract symptoms and extrapyramidal tract symptoms were observed as rieurological symptoms postencephalitically. Cases with cerebral nervesymptoms also showed other neurological symptoms and were severe but those with only pyramidal tract symptoms were more numerous among the middle age. cases.
These symptoms were still improving without becoming fixed, after 2 years.
Psychiatrical symptoms consisted of decline of will and volition, labile emotion, mental retardation and change of character (loss of inhibition, asthenic feeling, sensitive states).
The sensitive states show a strong neurotic nuance and there was a trend for this tobecome even more pronounced after the return to society. Epileptogenic paroxysmal disturbance of consciousness was seen only in the younger age group and a trend for psychic symptom to appear was noted toappear 1-2 years after the onset of illness in the middle and old-age groups.
4) Electroencephalographically, the most commen finding in the acute stage was a markedirregular, continuous Q & δ activity.
A rapid improvement in the slowing was noted up to 6 months but the rate of improvement declined after 1-2 years and tended to become fixed. The rate of EEG improvement lagged behind the improvement in the clinical symptoms. Frontal dominancy was apparent in the majority of cases at aperiod about 1 month after the onset of illness but dropped to 5% 2 years after that.
Diffuse α pattern, on the other hand, gradually increased with the passage of time (1 month-15%, 2 years, 30%).

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Oshima Shoto consists of 5 islands and has a population of 183 thousands. These islands are located in the southern end of Japan and stretch to Ryukyu under U. S. administration (population: 914 thousands) where we found that more than 360 patients with rubella syndrome were born after the malignant rubella epidemic in 1964-1965. Whereas only 10 patients with rubella syndrome were found in Oshima, though there had been rubella epidemis in 1965 and 1966. In order to find out the reason why there was a great difference in the epidemic of rubella syndrome between Oshima and Ryukuu, we tested the serum specimens from a series of pregnant women in Oshima for rubella HI antibody.
Serum specimens were obtained from 375 pregnant women in this district for the period March through December in 1969. The age of them ranged from 19 to 44.
Rubella HI antibody was detectable in 62% of the serum specimens tested and this indicated 38% of them did not have demonstrable antibody. The frequency of the pregnant women without antibody in the age group 21-30 was 47% and was significantly higher than that of the patients of 31 or older. There was no singificant difference in the frequency of rubella HI antibody among 5 islands studied.
Sever, J. L. et al., Rowls, W. E. et al. and Thongcharoen, P. reported the populations of a large number of women without rubella antibody in Hawaii, Jamaica, Trinidad and Thailand. These areas share similar warm climatic condition. Kono, R. pointed out the frequency of the seronegative pregnant women was high in southern Japan as compared with northern Japan. Considering the interruption of rubella epidemic by summer season, the warm climate generally may not be fit for spread of rubella. It can be considered the rubella epidemics in temperate zone such as Oshima and Ryukyu were often small scale and a large number of women were left susceptible to rubella.
However, there was a great difference in the epidemic of rubella between Ryukyu and Oshima: the rubella epidemic in Ryukyu in 1964-1965 was very extensive and these in Oshima in 1965 and in 1966 were small scale as usual and many susceptible pregnant women did not have an attack of rubella. Forty seven per cent of the pregnant women in the age group 21-30 in Oshima were regarded to be still at risk for bubella infection.

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The effects of kanendomycin (KDM) on cases of infantile diarrhea and quasi-dysentery, in all of which bacterial pathogens in stool cultures were negative, were studied with regard to the dose, side-effects and improvement of clinical symptoms
A significant improvement in clinical findings was observed in quasi-dysentery
In all the cases treated with KDM in combination with an antiinflammatory enzyme preparation, symptoms improved, leading to a complete cure.
For infantile diarrhea, 20-300mg/kg of KDM in the form of dry syrup was given and considerable effects were obtained.
Of these doses, administration of 100 mg/kg was considered to be recommendable
Even when a considerably large dosage of KDM was given, neither subjective nor objective sideeffects were observed.
Based on these results, KDM appears to be sufficiently useful in cases of infantile diarrhea and quasidysentery.
The essence of this paper was reported at the symposium on “Diarrhea” in the 44th meeting of Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases.

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[in Japanese]

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