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Volume 47, Issue 11
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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I. Analysis of 73 Japanese PatientsIsao EBISAWA, Tatsukichi MUTO, Shoji NAKAMURA, Takemi KOMORIYA, Mikio ...1973 Volume 47 Issue 11 Pages 425-431
Published: November 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeventy-three Japanese cases seen and confirmed by the writers as suffering from malaria from 1966to March, 1973 were reported. Increasing number of the patients was seen from 1969. They weremostly in the 3rd to the 5th decade of life. Analysis of preventive measures taken by these patientsrevealed following facts: 37 cases took no or almost no antimalarial drug regularly while they were inthe endemic areas. Twenty five cases took antimalarial drug regularly; 22 of them became sick as theystopped medication upon returning home to Japan, and 3 became ill as they took chloroquine in Laoswhere chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum was prevalent. Eleven cases took antimalarial drug irregularly.There were two fatal cases, both due to falciparum malaria, who had never taken antimalarialdrug at all.
Chloroquine was the drug of choice in vivax, ovale and malariae malarias, but combinations ofsulformethoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and sulfamonomethoxine-pyrimethamine (MP) were also veryeffective in vivax and ovale malarias. Chloroquine is indicated for falciparum malaria patientsreturning from Africa, Indonesia and New Guinea. SP and MP may be given to falciparum malariapatients in general when the illness is not very severe. The falciparum malaria patients infected inVietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand and Malaysia will benefit more with a combination of SP plusquinine or MP plus quinine, than with either chloroquine or quinine given alone.View full abstractDownload PDF (884K) -
II. Suppression of Malariawith Sulformethoxine-pyrimethamine or Sulfamonomethoxine-pyrimethamine Combination and the Hematologic Effect of the CombinationsIsao EBISAWA, Tatsukichi MUTO1973 Volume 47 Issue 11 Pages 432-441
Published: November 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMalaria prophylactic effect of combined folic inhibitors was investigated at the Nam Ngum Damconstruction site in Laos where both vivax and chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria were prevalent.Three drug regimens were tested: SP (1), 1 SP tablet per week; SP (2), 2 SP tablets per half a month; and MP, 1 MP tablet per week. One SP tablet contained 500mg of sulformethoxine and 25mg ofpyrimethamine, and 1 MP tablet contained 500mg of sulfamonomethoxine and 25mg of pyrimethamine.The study period extended over 29 months in some cases.
(1) Falciparum malaria was prevented almost completely with anyone of the above 3 regimens, so long as the workers took the drug regularly.
(2) Vivax malaria was also suppressed with any of the above 3 regimens, but the interval of onehalf a month in SP (2) regimen appeared too long for the suppression of vivax malaria. SP (1) and MPregimens appeared more practicable than SP (2) regimen.
(3) No haematological effect was seen in 5 normal people on SP (1) regimen for 5 to 20 weeks, and6 post-malarial anemic patient recovered from anemia when they were placed on SP (1) regimen for thesame period in a preliminary study. However, the field study revealed that 10 percent of the workerson SP (1) and MP regimens and 3 percent of those on SP (2) regimen developed leucopenia during 3 to 12 months of medication. The leucopenia recovered spontaneously on withdrawal of the medicationor on administration of adenine, either orally or parenterally.
Twenty-nine Japanese workers who did not develop leucopenia during 18 months of SP (1) medicationcontinued to take the drug for an average of 28 months. Some people showed a tendency of macrocytosisand hyperchromia but none of them developed macrocytic anemia nor leucopenia.View full abstractDownload PDF (1403K) -
Kazuhiro KOBAYASHI, Yoshihito MIYATA, Kirio OKAKITA, Toshiyuki KITAURA1973 Volume 47 Issue 11 Pages 442-444
Published: November 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe value of drug resistant pattern and colicin type analysis as epidemiological markers of shigellasonnei has been questioned because of the pattern or type uniformity of recently isolated major strains.
In this situation, Trehalose fermenting test was done on 1921 strains of Shigella sonnei collectedin this institute during the period from 1960 to 1972. They were mostly Trehalose fermentative and 83 strains of all have been found Trehalose non-fermentative.
Through the facts that these Trehalose non-fermentative strains had been repeatedly isolated fromthe same patients or the carriers of the same outbreaks and this reaction is stable, it is believed that thisbiological property can be used as another tool for epidemiological marker of Shigella sonnei besidesdrug resistant pattern and colicin type.
The drug resistant pattern and colicin type tested at the same time in this series showed these nonfermentativestrains have resistance to SM, CM, TC, SA, and NA (Nalidixic acid) and Type 14 colicintype.
This is the first report on the isolation of Trehalose non-fermentative Shigella sonnei in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (296K) -
[in Japanese]1973 Volume 47 Issue 11 Pages 448-451
Published: November 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
1973 Volume 47 Issue 11 Pages 452-454
Published: November 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (411K)
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