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Volume 49, Issue 12
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1975 Volume 49 Issue 12 Pages 823-824
Published: December 20, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (284K) -
1. Investigations of Conditions for In Vitro Toxin Production by Means of Immunological and Hemolytic Assay MethodsKenji OHTA1975 Volume 49 Issue 12 Pages 825-833
Published: December 20, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSQuantitative detection of the enteropathogenic toxin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus obtained from the culture filtrate of Nakatsukawa strain was examined by the following two procedures: Oudin's immunodiffusion test with anti-purified toxin rabbit sera and hemolytic assay procedure on Wagatsuma blood agar plate.
The results clarified that minimum concentration of 1 μg/ml of the toxin could be detected by the Oudin test, while less than 3 μg/ml of the toxin could not be detected by the hemolytic test.
Subsequently, the effect of medium, temperature, aeration, sodium chloride, shaking speed, and period of incubation on toxin production by the organism was examined by the application of abovementioned methods. The results revealed that the maximum toxin yield was obtained when the organism was cultured in 2% peptone water with 5% NaCl at 35°C for 18 hours with reciprocal shaking at approximately 120 10-cm linear excursions per min. These cultural conditions allowed all 30 of Kanagawapositive strains from patients, sea foods or sea water to produce the toxin in the yield ranging from 2.5 to 32.0 μg/ml, whereas none of 10 Kanagawa-negative strains from carriers or sea foods produced the toxin under the conditions. It was likewise evident that the toxins produced by 30 Kanagawa- positive strains were immunologically identical to the one produced by Nakatsukawa strain.View full abstractDownload PDF (1088K) -
2. Effect of Heating on Biological Activity, and Immunological and Physicochemical Properties of Purified ToxinKenji OHTA1975 Volume 49 Issue 12 Pages 834-842
Published: December 20, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThermostability of the highly purified enteropathogenic toxin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus obtained from culture filtrates of Nakatsukawa strain was investigated examining the biological activities, and immunological and physicochemical properties.
The results indicated that highly purified toxin had peculiar thermostability. That is, heating of the purified toxin at 60°C resulted in complete inactivation of hemolytic activity, mouse lethality, guinea pig skin reactivity, and reactivity with antisera both by single radial and double immunodiffusion, but heating at 100°C exhibited no such effects.
Furthermore, when the toxin inactivated at 60°C was reheated at 100°C, partial recovery of these activities occurred. Contrariwise, the toxic activities of the 100°C-heated toxin were markedly diminished by subsequent heating at 60°C.
By polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis, it was proved that heating at 60°C induced aggregation of the active toxin to an insoluble, non toxic form, and that reheating at 100°C resulted in partially reversal reaction with the release of soluble active toxin.
Thus, it is conclusive that the paradoxical behavior of Vibrio parahaemolyticus enteropathogenic toxin by heating is due to a change of conformation of the toxin molecules.View full abstractDownload PDF (6873K) -
Yoshio Matsubara1975 Volume 49 Issue 12 Pages 843-855
Published: December 20, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTherapeutic effect of Fosfomycin (FOM) on bacillary dysentery and resembling infections was studied, and antimicrobial activities of FOM and other antibiotics to 126 strains of Shigella, 79 of Salmonella and 5 of Vibrio parahaemolyticus that were isolated from the patients were determined. The results obtained are summarized below.
1) Shigella, Salmonella, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains were inhibited at below 50 μg/ml of FOM. In most strains other than Shigella frexneri, relatively high MIC values were obtained (12.5μ, g ml in Shigella sonnei, 3.12 μg/ml in Salmonella, and 25 μg/ml in Vibrio parahaemolyticus).
2) FOM produced excellent results in both bacteriological and clinical studies especially in bacillary dysentery. A very high efficacy rate of 97.5% in bacterial elimination was obtained.
3) In Salmonella enteritis, FOM did not necessarily showed favorable results (67.8%) in bacterial elimination, . However, when compared from all viewpoints including clinical effects, FOM can not be regarded at all as inferior to any other drugs now available for this disease.
4) Slight side-effects were observed in 10.7% of the cases, and there was only one case in which administration of the drug was discontinued. Persistent soft stool observed in 9.4% of patients was normalized soon after discontinuance of the drug.
This study was conducted on the patients and carriers of above mentioned diseases who were hospitalized in 10 municipal infectious disease hospitals, and drug sensitivity test was made at Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Health. Co-workers in this study are listed below.View full abstractDownload PDF (1269K) -
1975 Volume 49 Issue 12 Pages 858-860
Published: December 20, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (408K)
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