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Volume 58, Issue 2
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Hiroko SAEKI, Nozomu KOSAKAI, Toyoko OGURI1984 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 85-90
Published: February 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSerotype, biotype and antibiotic susceptibility of H. influenzae isolated from various clinical specimens from July to October 1981 were examined.
Eleven of 90 strains were serotyped as b or e by counterimmunoelectrophoresis, but 2 strains of type e were nontypable by slide agglutination test. Excluding 3 strains of type b isolated from two meningitis patients, 8 strains from respiratorytract specimens were sero type d: 2 strains of type b and 3 strains of type e were isolated from sputum, 2 strains of type e were isolated from throat swab and one strain of type e was isolated from otorrhea.
Biotyping was performed according to the scheme of Kilian. Seventy-six of 90 strains were classified as type I, II or III. All 5 strains of serotype b belonged to biotype I but 6 strains of sero type e were classified as type IV, I or II.
Seventeen of 84 strains were resistant to ampicillin and 6 of them were resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol. Among those ampicillin resistant strains, only one was sero type d and was type e.View full abstractDownload PDF (643K) -
IV. Pseudomonas aeruginosa as Viewed from the Standpoint of Opportunistic InfectionKiyoaki SATSUTA, Akira KUROKAWA, Toshifumi OOTSUKA1984 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 91-98
Published: February 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPseudomonas aeruginosa organisms detected from various clinical materials collected from patients admitted to the DECCM, Nippon Medical School, were examined from the standpoint of opprtunistic infection. Fecal samples were collected from patients from whose clinical matrials these organisms had been detected, immediately after the detection. At the same time five sites were wiped with pieces of sterilized gauze. These sites consisted of the floor, bed, bed sheet, and side table; all of which had got in touch with the patients, and the normal skin of the patients. An attempt was made to detect P. aeruginosa from these pieces of sterilized gauze used for wiping as clinical materials. When P. aeruginosa organisms were detected, they were Subjected to typing with serum for the diagnosis of P. aeruginosa prepared by the Denka Company. As a result, a total of 81 patients were examined, consisting of 30, 43, and 8 patients encountered in 1981, 1982, and 1983, respectively. That attempt was made in them regularly once a week during the period of hospitalization.
The following results were obtained.
1) P. aeruginosa organisms detected from clinical and other materials from 50 patients (61.7%) belonged to one and the same serotype, those from 22 patients (27.2%) to two serotypes, and those from 9 patients (11.1%) to three or more serotypes.
2) Serotypes B, E and G showed a higher frequency of appearance than any other serotype.
3) When examination was made on the relationship between the number of serotypes detected and the duration of hospitalization, the 50, 22, and 9 patients mentioned above were hospitalized for about 4, about 6, and about 8 weeks, on the average, respectively.
4) The rate of detection of P. aeruginosa was the highest, or 54.6%, in the feces and the second highest, or 28.3%, in the sample collected from the floor. It was the lowest, or 5.4%, in the sample collected from the healthy normal skin of all the samples examined.View full abstractDownload PDF (1034K) -
Masatoshi KONNO, Ritsuko NONOGUCHI, Akira GOTO, Kimiko UBUKATA, Sayoko ...1984 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 99-112
Published: February 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigations for blood cultures from inpatients at Teikyo University Hospital between Oct. 1980 and Mach 1983 were carried out and the following results were obtained. The incidence of bacterialpositive blood culture has been significantly increasing since Oct. 1981. The species of organisms isolated from the culture with most rapidly increasing frequency were S. aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci. The time that isolation of the above organisms was increased coincided with the introduction to clinical side of new broad spectrum penicillins and cephems, so called third generation antibiotics. Retrospective study of the state of antibiotic administration with reference to the isolated organisms clarified that 86.5% of the bacterial-positive patients had been administered antimicrobial agents within 24hrs before the blood culture, and also 60% of these patients had been administered two or more antimicrobial agents. The majority of strains, 73.8%, were resistant to the antibiotics used to them. Among isolated organisms, sensitive to the antibiotics used intreatment was most frequently exhibited by staphylococci, and the sensitive strains were most frequently isolated from patients give IVH, etc. Sensitive strains were also frequently isolated from patients administered aminoglycosides, which suggested that the relationship of diseases indicating the use of aminoglycosides with the dosage must be re-investigated. As for the third generation cehems, that are now attracting attention, organisms, frequently resistant to these antibiotics, were isolated from the blood of many patients administered with them.View full abstractDownload PDF (1556K) -
Yukio YAMAZI, Hiroshi SUZUKI, Eiji WATARI, Yasue TAKEUCHI, Akira OHYA, ...1984 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 113-120
Published: February 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour hybridomas secreting monoclonal HI antibodies to A/Bangkok/1/79 strain of Hong Kong (H3N2) subtype of influenza A virus were established. HI titers of the monoclonal antibodies were determined against 95 strains of the Hong Kong subtype isolated since 1968. Strains before 1976 were sharply distinguished from those after 1977, and strains after 1977 were divided into 4 or more groups with the HI test using the monoclonal antibodies.
By HI tests using the culture fluids of four hybridome clones, following antigenic drifts of influenza A viruses in Japan and Thailand were sharply recognized. (1) A/Tokyo/1/77-variant was sharply distinguished from viruses before 1976, (2) A/Tokyo/1/77-variant was replaced with ABangkok/1/79-variant, (3) ABangkok/137 and 138/80 were the first isolates of A/kyoto/C-1/81-variant which prevailed in Japan in 1982, and (4) A/Niigata/102/81-variant was the other minor prevailing virus in 1982, which was first isolated as ABangkok/211 /81 in Thailand.View full abstractDownload PDF (966K) -
Yukio NOGUCHI1984 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 121-129
Published: February 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS197 episodes of bacteremia in 163 patients were observed from November 1975 to December 1982. These patients consisted of 44 with leukemia, 20 with gastric cancer, 18 with malignant lymphoma, 67 with other malignancy and 14 patients with no malignancy. 138 patients were dead until June 1983 and 43 cases in these patients died within 3 days from the episode of bacteremia. The causative organisms were composed of 28 strains of gram-positive cocci, 11 of gram-positive rods, 119 of gram-negative rods, 22 of fungi and 17 of polymicrobic. In 1982 Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia increased in number.
225 patients were treated with the continiuous intravascular drip injection therapy. And after the therapy cultures of 271 tips of the intravascular catheter were made, as the results organisms grew from the 132 tips. These organisms were composed of 36 strains of gram-positive cocci, 3 of gram-positive rods, 53 of gram-negative rods, 19 fungi and 21 polymicrobial. The largest group of these organisms was the glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods, and next was S. epidermidis.
In 6 episodes of bacteremia due to Candida albicans, the similar organism grew by the culture of the tips.View full abstractDownload PDF (1007K) -
Katsuhiko SAWATARI, Koichi WATANABE, Hiroko NAKASATO, Hironobu KOGA, N ...1984 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 130-136
Published: February 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLegionella pneumophila and L. bozemanii suspended in distilled water were exposed to 10 kinds of disinfectants recommended for inhibiting growth of organisms in cooling towers and evaporative condesers of air-coditioning systems. Sodium hypochlorite, a compound containing sodium hypochlorite and 5, 5-dimethylhydantoin, and 2, 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide were effective in destroying concentration 106 to 108 viable cells per ml. Althogh 2, 4-dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin and cyanohalogenpenylsulfone formulation did not act as rapidly as sodium hypochlorite or 2, 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, failure to recover viable cells after 6h. to 24h.of exposure suggest that these disinfectants would also destroy the organism in water within a reasonable treatment period. Zinc pyridine thione, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1, 3-dial and hydragine were less effective.View full abstractDownload PDF (937K) -
Kouichiro NISHIOKA, Tamotsu OHASHI, Tamao OSHIGE, Junichi SANADA, Kazu ...1984 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 137-143
Published: February 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 49-year-old woman became febrile four weeks before admission. There was no clinical evidence of underlying valvular heart disease or tooth extraction.
The initial physical examination on admission revealed fever, tachycardia and pansystolic heart murmurs. She had markedly mitral valve vegetations by two-dimensional echocardiograms. Infective endocarditis was therefore suspected. Propionibacterium acnes and Enterobacter cloacae were isolated from blood culture.
Penicillin G and successive combined antibiotics were administerd, and by the 15th day she became afebrile.
On the sixty-seventh day, a prosthetic mitral value was implanted. Microorganisms from the resected mitral valve had no growth.View full abstractDownload PDF (2527K) -
Hidenobu SHIGEOKA, Masahide TAKII, Noriyuki MURAKAMI1984 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 144-148
Published: February 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo cases of bacterial endocarditis caused by slow growing fastidious Gram negative coccobacilli are reported. Both were later identified as Haemophilus aphrophilus and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, according to the methods of King and Tatum.
In vitro sensitivity studies have shown these organisms to be highly susceptble to penicillins and aminoglycosides. High dose of ampicillin combined with aminoglycosides, however, was considered to be ineffective in view of low serum bacteriostatic titers in both cases.
A patient infected by H. aphrophilus died of cerebral infarction in the course of antibiotic therapy. Another patient by A. actinomycetemcomitans was cured without relapse by the treatment with cef-tizoxime (CZX) with salutary trough serum bacteriostatic titer of 1: 16.View full abstractDownload PDF (658K) -
1984 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 170-172
Published: February 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (326K)
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