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Volume 59, Issue 10
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Takahiro KATOH, Takeshi HONDA, Toshio MIWATANI1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 955-959
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of prostaglandins on production of toxins (cytotoxin and enterotoxin) of Clostridium difficile was examined.Toxin production was reduced 4-to 1024-fold with increasing concentrations of prostaglandin E2 and 16, 16-dimethyl-prostaglandin E2, but not with prostaglandin F2a, in which bacterial growth was not inhibited.
From these data, the phenomenon that treatment with prostaglandin E2 and 16, 16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 protected hamsters from clindamycin-induced C.difficile cecitis may be explained by their inhibitory activities on toxin production.View full abstractDownload PDF (2768K) -
Mitsuo OBANA1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 960-969
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method for detection of antibody to Chlamydia trachomatis (C.trachomatis), as one of diagnostic procedures for infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, was studied. Also the detection of antibody to C.trachomatis was compared with smear staining of C.trachomatis and/or isolation by tissue culture.
Purified elementary bodies of C.trachomatis grown in HeLa 229 cells were used as the antigen.The antigen was fixed in two ways: antigen with normal york sac as a fixative on non-treated microscope slide and antigen without normal york sac on albumin-coating microscope slide.Non-specific fluorescence due to normal york sac was seen in the former, and fixation was not enough in the latter. Titer and immunotypes of antibody to C.trachomatis were measured by the indirect immunofluorescence method using antigen with normal york sac on non-treated slideglass.
Serum antibody to C.trachomatis was detected in some patients with non-gonococcal urethritis and infantile pneumonia.The result of detection of antibody to C.trachomatis was accordant with that of smear staining using monoclonal antibody to C.trachomatis and/or isolation by tissue culture in 75% of patients with non-gonococcal urethritis.View full abstractDownload PDF (8435K) -
Jun HAYASHI, Seizaburo KASHIWAGI, Hideyuki NOMURA, Wataru KAJIYAMA, Hi ...1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 970-976
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHepatitis B virus vaccine manufactured by Kitazato Laboratory in Japan was administered (three doses of 10 mcg) to 147 children (aged zero to six, 74 males and 73 females), in order to evaluate its immunogenicity and safety.
Thirty-four children who either had no anti-HBs response or who had an anti-HBs response which later disappeared were given one or two more doses of 10 mcg.Vaccinees were followed up for 24 or 25 months after the first injection.
The following results were obtained:
1) The anti-HBs seroconversion rate after 2 or 3 vaccinations (7 months after the first injection) was 76.9%(110/143).
2) The anti-HBs seroconversion rate after 4-5 vaccinations (24 or 25 months after the first injection) was 64.5%(20/31).
3) The anti-HBs seroconversion rate was higher in females than in males, but the difference was not significant.
4) The anti-HBs seroconversion rate was higher in the 4-6 year-old age group than in the 0-3 year-old age group, but the difference was not significant.
5) No adverse reactions were reported from the vaccinees or their parents.
We think that the HB vaccine used in the study is a safe and effective vaccine for the prevention of hepatitis B infection in children.View full abstractDownload PDF (946K) -
Tadayuki OKITSU, Yoshio ASAI, Tetsuo YASUDA, Kinjiro TAKIZAWA1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 977-983
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 23 strains of Aeromonas species were isolated from stool cultures of 216 patients (111 infants, 105 adults) with sporadic diarrhea from April to September in 1983 and in 1984.Of the 23 isolates, 8 were Aeromonas hydrophila, 7 were A.sobria, and 8 were A.caviae.The 15 strains of A. hydrophila/sobria ranked second only to Campylobacter jejuni (26 strains) in the number of enteric pathogens isolated. Comparing infants to adults, the isolate ratio of A.hydrophila/sobria was about the same (6.3%, 7.6%). However among all enteric pathogens isolated, the A.hydrophila/sobria isolate ratio was highest among adults while ranking second among infants.13 of the 15 strains (86.7%) of A. hydrophila/sobria isolated from these sporadic diarrheal cases caused hemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes when mixed with the culture's supernatant fluid.
No correlation was found between the ability to produce this hemolysin and the results of lysin decarboxylase and Voges-Proskauer tests with regards to A.hydrophila/sobria isolated from these sporadic diarrheal cases (15 strains) and environmental materials (26 strains).View full abstractDownload PDF (1078K) -
Hidenobu SHIGEOKA1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 984-995
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this report is to describe ELISA test for the detection of antibodies against purified mycobacterial glycolipids antigen. Glycolipids A and C were extracted and purified from Mycobacterium bovis BCG, following the method described by Reggiardo and Middlebrook (8).
In 40 patients with active tuberculosis, 14 (35.0%) showed positive for anti-glycolipid A antibody and 28 (70.0%) were positive for anti-glycolipid C antibody, overall 32 out of 40 (80.0%) demonstrated positive antibody against either antigens.These antibody titers decreased gradually by time.
In control groups, only 2 out of 30 healthy subjects, none of 22 patients with bacterial respiratory tract infection and 8 patients with lung cancer showed positive antibody against either antigens.Interestingly, a patients with Nocardia asteroids lung infection had high anti-glycolipid A antibody titer.
There was no correlation between the values of these antibodies and the degree of PPD skin reaction.
The data obtained in this study suggest the detection of antibodies against tuberculous glycolipids A and C are useful for the diagnosis of human tuberculosis.
But, as for examined, in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis, only 4 out of 9 active tuberculosis had positive but low titers of antibodies against these antigens.View full abstractDownload PDF (4028K) -
Kunihiko YOSHIMURA, Naohiko CHONABAYASHI, Tatsuo NAKATANI, Yoshitaka N ...1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 996-1004
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied clinical and immunological effectiveness of forphenicinol, a low molecular weight immunomodulator, in nine patients with chronic respiratory tract infection. Underlying diseases were diffuse panbronchiolitis in 8 cases and bronchiectasis in one case, and as a causative organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated in 7 cases, and GNF-GNR was in 2 cases. Forphenicinol was orally administered at the dose of 50 or 100 mg per day for 30 to 562 days (average 357 days), and 3.0 to 56.2g (average 31.8 g) totally. The results obtained were as follows.
1. Forphenicinolshowedeffectivenessin55.6%ofgcasesincludingfairresponses.
2.Neither P.aeruginosa nor GNF-GNR was eradicated in all 9 cases after the treatment with forphenicinol.
3. Forphenicinol caused neither adverse effects nor abnormal laboratory findings.
4. From the point of immunological view, T and B lymphocyte subsets studied by rosette methods did not change significantly, but a subset of suppressor T lymphocyte detected by OKT8 monoclonal antibody showed some decrease. However, there was no significant change in NK cell activity after the treatment with forphenicinol.
Because forphenicinol shows little toxicity, is capable of beening administered for a long time and would enhance the antibody production by reducing suppressor T cells, we conclude that it is worthwhile to administer this drug for the patients with chronic respiratory infections.View full abstractDownload PDF (4117K) -
Yoshinao TAKEUCHI, Jun WATANABE, Takayuki NOGAWA, Kazuhiro KIMURA, Iku ...1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1005-1009
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe had an epidemic of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 1983 and 1984. Clinical efficacy of various antibiotics was evaluated on 115 inpatients with mycoplasmal pneumonia. Fever subsided in 67% of 73 cases within 24 hours after intravenous Leucomycin administration and 74% in 48 hours. The remnant showed equivocal response to Leucomycin. Laboratory findings revealed overlapped infections of respiratory viruses such as RS, Adeno, and/or Influenza viruses in these equivocal responders.No such untoward reactions were observed by intravenous administration of Leucomycin as local pain, and hepatic or renal dysfunctions. CMZ, ABPC, CEZ, CET or PIPC was given intravenously in 28 cases but they resulted in ineffectiveness except a few cases. Peroral administration of Erythromycin in 12 cases was also very effective in 83% of cases. Any antibitics were not given in 2 patie nts.
Finally, we believe that intravenous administration of Leucomycin is very effective in the initial treatment for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections when the patient is so sick as to refuse peroral intake.View full abstractDownload PDF (887K) -
Shuji YONEKURA, Tadami NAGAO, Mitsumoto KOMATSUDA, Hiroyuki NOZAKI, Sh ...1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1010-1016
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, we have experienced a case with severe hypoplastic anemia, who treated in the laminar air-flow room.
A seventeen-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital with complaint of subcutaneous hemorrhage. The physical examination revealed generalized subcutaneous and mucosal bleeding tendency. On admission, laboratory work showed 1400 leukocytes with 94% lymphocytes;RBC 209×104/μl; hemoglobin 5.9g/dl; hematcrit 16.7%; reticulocyte 2‰ & Platelet 0.8×104/μl. Bone marrow aspiration showed that NCC were 1.4×104/μl with 91% lymphocyes. Coagulation studies were within normal limits and only mild liver dysfunction was demonstrated by the chemistry.
From these findings, the diagnosis of hypoplastic anemia was established.He was nursed in the laminar air-flow room, given sterile foods, washed with 0.02% chlorhexidine for skin decontamination for the prevention of infection and medications for the disease included prednisolone and anabolic steroids.Prophylactic nonabsorbable antibiotics were not administered for the patient.Severe infection was prevented during the protective isolation. On the 319th hospital day, his prednisolone and anabolic steroids dose were decreased with clinical improvement and he was discharged
These results indicate that the therapy with laminar air-flow room is effective for saving life of patients with severe hypoplastic anemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (940K) -
T. MIYAZAKI, F. AKASHI, K. SHINZATO, T. ISHINO, [in Japanese], Y. SHIG ...1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1017-1023
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe reported a case of infective endocarditis due to H.parainfluenzae. The patient was a male aged 29. He had suffered from fever and general malaise since the middle of September of 1984 without past history of any cardiac diseases or recent surgical or dental treatment. He was admitted to our hospital on October 13 for the further examinations and treatment. On admission, remarkable cardiac systolic murmur with a grade of Levine IV was maximally audible at the apex radiating to the back, but no other abnormal physical findings were observed. Piperacillin 2 g intravenously was begun following blood having been drawn for culture and sensitivity as infective endocarditis was highly suspected based on the clinical picture. But due to a serious allergic reaction, including symptoms of pre-shock and skin eruptions, the antibiotics was changed to erythromycin. H.parainfluenzae was isolated from 4 blood samples drawn at different times (including one from admission), leading to the diagnosis of infective endocarditis with mitral valve insufficiency. Although the patient went into shock and cardiac failure due to the prolapse of mitral valve with a 9×16 mm vegatation, these conditions as well as bacteremia improved remarkably after erythromycin was replaced by ceftizoxime, an antibiotic with good potency against the causative organism. Dispite the piperacillin allergic reaction, no reaction was seen with ceftizoxime. Albumin and a steroid were given to the patient because infiltrative shadows persisted on chest X-ray, though to be due to vascular hyperpermiability from hypoalbuminemia. Abnormal chest shadows gradually resolved with this treatment. After 3 months of chemotherapy, the patient was transferred to surgery to repair the mitral prolapse as the vegetation and cardiac insufficiency persisted.View full abstractDownload PDF (7858K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1024-1025
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (187K) -
1985 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1026-1028
Published: October 20, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (292K)
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