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Volume 70, Issue 11
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1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1127-1139
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (9764K) -
Masayasu ITO, Manabu KURIYAMA, Satoshi ISHIHARA, Yoshikazu HASEGAWA, Y ...1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1140-1146
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo study the function of leukocyte in urinary tract infection (UTI), the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and various osmolarities on the function were studied. The superoxide production of blood leukocytes increased by treatment of G-CSF with its dose dependency. This effect was not observed in urinary leukocytes. This increased function was well preserved even in higher osmotic atomosphere when previously treated by the G-CSF. Therefore, urinary leukocyte activated by G-CSF and migrating from the blood through the tissue may still have its function and work in the patients with UTI.View full abstractDownload PDF (654K) -
Eiko KAWAGUCHI, Wakio MINAMIDE, Hiroki MORI, Hirotsune IGIMI1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1147-1153
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe species, mecA gene, β-lactamase activity, the ability of slime formation and drug susceptibilities of 386 strains of staphylococci which were isolated from blocd in our laboratory were studied.
The coagulase typing of each strains identified as S. aureus was also determined.
These 386 strains consisted of various species, e. g., S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. capitis, S. caprae, S. hominis, S. simulans, S. haemolyticus, and S. lugdunensis.
mecA (methicillin-resistant gene) was detected in 84 (67.7%) of 124 S. aureus and 195 (75.3%) of 259 CNS, but there was no statistical difference. However mecA positive rate was higher in S. epidermidis and S. caprae, lower in S. hominis compared with S. aureus, S. lugdunensis having mecA has not been reported, but one of two our S. lugdunensis strains had mecA.
The positive rate (77.4%: 65/84) of β-lactamase of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was lower than that (95.5%: 187/195) of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS).
Concerning the ability of slime formation, CNS had higher positive rate, especially in case of MRCNS (46.2%: 84/182) than S. aureus.
On the other hand, MRCNS showed a tendency to be less resistant to some antimicrobials than MRSA. Especially against cephalothin (CET), the resistant rate of MRSA and MRCNS were 86.9% and 5.6%, respectively. Among the main species of MRCNS, S. capitis and S. caprae were more resistant than S. epidermidis and S. simulans to cefaclor (CCL), cefmetazole (CMZ), flomoxef (FMOX) and fosfomycin (FOM).
Hereafter, one should be careful about infectious disease caused by CNS especially in immuno-compromised host, because many species of CNS have higher positive rate of β-lactamase and slime formation than S. aureus beside mecA.View full abstractDownload PDF (921K) -
Shigeru MATSUSHITA, Sumio YAMADA, Kenji OHTA, Yasuo KUDOH1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1154-1159
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 263 Salmonella strains isolated in Metro Manila, the Philippines from 1992 to 1994, were examined for their serovar-distribution and drug-resistance. Salmonella serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) and S. Enteritidis phage type was also tested.
The serological typing results showed that the strains were classified into 10 O-groups and 32 serovars. S. Weltevreden, S. Enteritidis, S. Typhi, S. Typhimurium, and S. Derby were predominant in the serovars identified.
The drug-resistance test using nine drugs (CP, TC, SM, KM, ABPC, ST, NA, FOM, and NFLX) showed that 95 strains (36.1%) were resistant to any of the seven drugs except FOM and NFLX.
The serovars of a high resistant rate were S. Ruiru (100%), S. Typhimurium (87.0%), S. Senftenberg (80.0%), S. Derby (66.7%), and S. Agona (50.0%).
Drug-resistance patterns of the resistant strains varied to 21 types, and 80 of them were multidrug-resistant.
Phage types of 37 S. Typhi strains were B1 (27 strains), E2 (6 strains), and others (4 strains).
Phage types of 38 S. Enteritidis strains were 4 (32 strains), 7 (3 strains), and others (3 strains).View full abstractDownload PDF (684K) -
Sadao YABE, Mikio NAKAYAMA, Kenichiro YAMADA, Tadahiko KITANO, Yoko AR ...1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1160-1169
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSuspected dengue cases in Japan during the period of 1985-1995, 173 cases with unknown febrile illness entering or returning from mostly southeast Asia, were tested by serology and RT-PCR gene amplification. Seventy seven cases were confirmed by a significant rise of dengue 2 (Den 2) HI antibody in paired sera or by detection of HI antibody titer higher than 1: 320 in single serum. The other 3 cases with antibody levels not higher than 1: 80 in paired sera and 12 cases with an antibody 1: 160 in single sera were positively suspected of dengue infection but were not confirmed. Countries of origin of confirmed cases were Thailand (39 cases), Philippinse (15), India (13), and Indonesia (9).
Sera of dengue cases showed high degrees of cross reactivity to Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in HI test but not in IgM capture ELISA. Sera of confirmed JEV-infected cases, however, showed practicaly no cross reactivity to Den 1-4 in HI test, sugesting unilateral cross reactivity of HI antibody. RT-PCR detected the Den 1 genome in sera of 3 cases obtained within 3 days after onset and the Den 2 genome in serum of case 4 days after onset.
Although the number is limited, 92 (53%) out of 173 cases of febrile illness of unkown etiology entering Japan from tropical countries were either confirmed or positivelry suspected to be dengue fever. Considering possibilities of under reporting, importations of tropical viral infections should be bigger in number and will necessitate our intensified alertness.View full abstractDownload PDF (1127K) -
Especially about Comparison Enterocolitis with ColonizationHiroshi WATANABE, Satoshi SATO, Shinichi KURITA, Akiyoshi SATO, Hiroyu ...1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1170-1175
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied the clinical aspects of 18 patinets from whom MRSA was detected from the stool and compared with 9 enterocolitis cases (7 male, 2 female, median age 72.4 y. o.) with 9 colonization cases (5 male, 4 female, median age 70.2 y. o.) from 1991 June to 1995 May. Cases of postoperative, use of anti-peptic ulcer drugs and administration of antibiotics for enterocoliti were more than that of colonization. On the other hand, eatable patients in the colonization group who could take food orally were more in number. Many patients of both enterocolitis and colonization were colonized in the respiratory tract. Drug sensitivity of MRSA in both cases were almost the same and the coagulase type were all that of II. Three courses on how MRSA enterocolitis occurs is considered. At first, colonization in the respiratory tract, second, proliferation of MRSA in the higher pH gastric juices as a result of gastrectomy or use of anti-peptic ulcer drugs, and third, selection of MRSA after administration of antibiotics.View full abstractDownload PDF (703K) -
Kihei TERADA, Yumiko HIRAGA, Reiko MORI, Yasuhiro YAGI, Yoshina YAGI(S ...1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1176-1180
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere have been fewer reports on Chlamydia pneumoniae infection during childhood than those in adults, although many of the C. pneumoniae infections occurred during childhood based on prevalence of the antibody. And there have been no reports concerning the double infection of C. pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae.
We reported three cases of children with the double infection. We diagnosed this from significant alteration of these antibodies from the acute to convalescent phases. We omitted the cases without significant alteration of the antibodies, even diagnosed from isolation or detection of the antigens in the samples by direct fluorescent antibody.
Case 1 was an 8-year-old-boy who was admitted to our hospital because of fever, cough with vomitting and erythema multiforme. The symptoms did not subside after administration of clindamycine but subsided after minocycline. Case 2 was an 1-year-old-boy who was admitted because of fever, cough, rhinorrhea and vomitting. C. pneumoniae organisms were isolated from the pharyngeal swab specimen. the symptoms subsided after administration of clindamycine. Case 3 was a 9-year-old boy who was admitted because of fever and a cough followed by erythema multiforme. The symptoms did not decrease after administration of clindamycine but after minocycline. The characteristic of these cases are a strong cough with comiting, weak response of acute reactants on the laboratory data, and skin eruption similar with that due to M. mycoplasmae in two of the three cases. We suspect that these double infections may induce the eruption, about which there have been no previous reports.View full abstractDownload PDF (5539K) -
Ryusuke MIZUKANE, Katsuhiko SAWATARI, Jun ARAKI, Michiko ASHIDA, Sadah ...1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1181-1185
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 21-year-old male nearly drowned in a reservoir by a traffic accident and he aspirated a large mount of polluted water containing Aspergillus fumigatus. On admission to our hospital, he was alert but cyanotic. Chest rentogenograms showed scatter infiltrative shadows in bilateral lung fields. We administered methylpredonizolon and antimicrobial agents immediately because of respiratory failure which was rapidly progressing. During the following six days, infiltrative shadows diminished but multiple nodular shadows in both lung fields appeared. The diagnosis of pulmonary aspergilosis was confirmed by serological and microbiological studies. Intravenous amphotericin B and oral itraconazol were administrated, and clinical improvement was observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (6997K) -
Atsuo TANAKA, Akira SUGAWARA, Takashi KUWAHARA, Hideto SENZAKI1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1186-1189
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently group A streptococcus toxic shock like syndrome (TSLS) has been reported, but as for group B streptococcus (S. agalactiae) infection, there have been little documentation in the literature.
We report a case of fluminant septic shock due to Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae).
A 72-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of general fatigue and azotemia. He was diagnosed as having MPO-ANCA related glomerulonephritis and treated with steroid therapy. Gradually he was doing well. On the 228th hospital day, he suddenly had tachypnea, transient conscious disterbance, and profound hypotension. About 16 hours later, he died despite intensive treatment. S. agalactiae was isolated from the blood. Autopsy revealed bilateral bronchopneumonia and shock liver. To our knowledge, this is the first report of septic shock caused by S. agalactiae.View full abstractDownload PDF (3360K) -
Mikio NAKAYAMA, Masashi IWATA, Masako TODA, Yukihiko HARA, Tadakatsu S ...1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1190-1192
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (210K) -
Sayoko KAWAKAMI, Emi OHGO, Yutaka NAKAZATO, Takeshi TAJIMA, Yasuo ONO, ...1996 Volume 70 Issue 11 Pages 1193-1194
Published: November 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (201K)
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