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Volume 74, Issue 3
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Chikara SAKAI, Kyoya KUMAGAI, Toshiyuki TAKAGI2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 215-220
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe clinical features of 25 cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection complicating hematological diseases were analyzed. These cases did not undergo allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 21 cases (84%) had a lymphoid tumor including 16 cases (64%) of malignant lymphoma and three cases of adult T-cell leukemia. All patients but one have received corticosteroid or antineoplastic agents before the occurrence of CMV infection. The types of CMV infections were interstitial pneumonia (23 cases), retinitis (2 cases), enteritis (one case), and persistent pyrexia (one case). Nine cases were diagnosed by histopathology and 5 of these 9 cases were discovered as having a CMV infection at autopsy. 20 cases were treated with ganciclovir for CMV infection, but only 9 cases improved. Of the 9 cases diagnosed by CMV-antigenemia, which had been introduced in the late 1994, 4 cases whose lymphoid tumor had been controlled responded to ganciclovir and survived but others with uncontrollable disease died. The present study indicates that the progress in the treatment of CMV infection was achieved in patients with controllable hematological disease but not in patients with refractory disease even after introduction of CMV-antigenemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (3062K) -
Shinobu ISHIGAKI, Sayoko KAWAKAMI, Yasuo ONO, Yukihisa MIYAZAWA2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 221-230
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe compared the Etest® with a broth microdilution method (FP panel®), performed according to the National Committee for modified Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) document M27-P guidelines, for determining the MICs of 81 clinical isolates of yeasts (7 Candida albicans, 8 Candida glabrata, 10 Candida parapsilosis, 6 Pichia anomala, 10 Candida tropicalis, 4 Candida guilliermondii, 4 Candida krusei, 6 Trichosporon cutaneum, 5 Candida ciferrii, 3 Candida famata, 4 Candida norvegensis, 2 Rhodotorula rubra, 3 Candida lusitaniae, 2 Candida curvata, 1 Candida inconspicua, 1 Candida intermedia, 1 Candida colliculosa, 1 Cryptococcus spp, 1 Tricosporon capitatum, 1 Pichia ohmeri, 1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
The Etest® results for 6 ATCC standard strains correlated well with reference MICs except those of flucytosine (5-FC) for C. krusei, which tended to be 1 to 2 log2 dilution higher than the MIC range determined by NCCLS guidelines. However, the best agreement between the results for clinical isolates was seen with 5-FC (100% agreement [Within ×2 log2 dilutions] between the results of the two methods). There was a 91.4% agreement between the results of the two methods with amphotericin B (Etest® MICs tended to be 1 to 2 log2 dilution lower than those of the FP panel). The Etest® results with litraconazole for clinical isolates except C. tropicalis were similar to MICs of the FP panel® (Etest® for C. tropicalis showed 1 to 2 log2 dilution lower than FP panel®). Also, the Etest® results with fluconazole for clinical isolates except C. tropicalis were similar of 1 log2 dilution higher than MICs of the FP panel® (Etest® for C. tropicalis showed more than 2 log2 dilution lower thas FP panel®).
These results showed a good level of overall agreement between the Etest® method and the broth microdilution test (FP panel®). Since the Etest® is a less laborintensive and much simpler method, it appears to be a useful procedure for testing the susceptibility of yeasts to antifungal agents.View full abstractDownload PDF (1509K) -
Izumi KAJIWARA, Tomohiro KUSABA, Isao HAYASHIDA, Takeshi KAI, Akio OOS ...2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 231-236
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom October, 1997 through July, 1998, an outbreak of aseptic meningitis due to echovirus type 30 occurred in the northern part of Kyushu area in Japan. In this outbreak, clinical and virologic observations were carried out on 157 in-patients with aseptic meningitis at our hospital.
The age of the patients ranged from 1 year and 9 months to 57-years old. One hundred and twenty out of 157 cases were the children under 15 years of age, and in this age group, male/female ratio was 2: 1. The largest proportion of cases occurred in the 5-to 9-year age group.
The number of cases reached a peak in December, 1997, but the epidemic extended to the next summer.
In 12 families, more than one person became ill (total 22 cases).
Virus isolation from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was tried on 130 out of 157 cases. Echovirus 30 was isolated in 74 cases (58 children, 16 adults), and echovirus 18 in 9 cases from June, 1998 until the end of the study.
Paired acute and convalescent sera were available from the 25 patients with negative virus isolation, and 7 out of 25 patients had a fourfold or greater rise in neutralizing antibodies.
Headache, fever, vomiting, nuchal rigidity were detectable in most cases, but in this outbreak, continued severe headache was characteristic. Eye pain was experienced by 2% of the total cases. In children, gastrointestinal symptoms were noted in 12% of the cases, but were not in adult patients.
The CSF cell counts ranged from 2 to 3, 478 cells per cubic millimeter. Fifty-eight percent were predominantly lymphocytic, while 42% were polymorphonuclear predominant. Virus was highly isolated from the CSF when the specimens were obtained within three days after the onset of the acute illness, but in one case, virus was isolated on day 7. In a few cases, virus was isolated without pleocytosis in CSF.View full abstractDownload PDF (1825K) -
Kenji KANBARA, Nobutaka FUJII, Hideki NAKASHIMA2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 237-244
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESST22 is an anti-HIV polypeptide which was synthesized with chemical modification from the horse shoe hemocytic polypeptides, polyphemusin II as a lead compound. T22 was found to block Ttropic HIV-1 entry into target cells as a CXCR4 antagonist. We synthesized T134, a small sized analog of T22 with reduced positive charges. T134 exhibited highly potent activity and significantly less cytotoxicity when compared to T22. It was shown that bicyclam AMD3100 and ALX40-4C are antagonists of CXCR4, and vMIP II which is coded chemokine in HHV8/ICSHV effects antagonistically both CXCR4 and CCR5. We examined the anti-HIV activity of these CXCR4 antagonists. All of them inhibit the binding of anti-CXCR4 antibody (12G5) to PBMC, but have no effect on the binding of anti-CCR5 antibody (2D7) except for vMIP II. vMIP II decreased the binding of both 12G5 and 2D7. In these compounds, T134 showed the most potency to anti-HIV activity. We also attempted to clarify the cross resistance between these antagonists, using HIV-1 resistant to AMD3100. T134, ALX40-4C and vMIP II are active against the AMD3100 resistant strain. This observation indicates the potential of using these the inhibitors as a new type of agent preventing HIV entry.View full abstractDownload PDF (1324K) -
Masa-aki IBE, Shoko NAKAJIMA, Takako MIYAMAE, Shuichi ITO, Noriaki TOM ...2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 245-249
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe retrospectively evaluated the factors influencing the isolation of tubercle bacilli in 51 children under 14 years of age with pulmonary tuberculosis who were admitted to Yokohama City University Hospital from 1975 to 1998. Young children (0-6 years of age) with pulmonary tuberculosis were significantly less positive by smear and culture than elder children (7-14 years of age) with pulmonary tuberculosis. According to the Japanese Society for Tuberculosis classification of finding on chest X-ray film for pulmonary tuberculosis, the culture-positive patients with type II (cavitary leisons) were found in all, the culture-positive patients with type III (non-cavitary leisons) in 39.3%, and the culture-positive patients with type H (hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathys) in 35.3%. Patients with cavitary leisons (type II) were significantly more positive by smear and culture than patients with non-cavitary leisons (type III+type H). Only 15.8% of the young children with pulmonary tuberculosis had received BCG vaccine and all had non-cavitary lesions (type III and type H). But, 84.6% out of the older children had received BCG vaccine and half had cavitary lesions. Taken together, the result was that there were few isolation of tubercle bacilli in young children with pulmonary tuberculosis because they had non-cavitary tuberculosis without delayed-type hypersensitivity to tubercle bacilli.View full abstractDownload PDF (822K) -
Masaru KOMATSU, Masanori AIHARA, Kouichi SHIMAKAWA, Tohru YAMANAKA, Sh ...2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 250-258
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study was made of 366 feces for detection of extended spectrum β-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae from feces. The selective agar was used for modified drigalski agar (Eiken Chemical Co., LTD) with 2μg/ml cefotaxime (ESBL screen agar). 92 strains of Enterobacteriaceae, 41 Escherichia coli, 15 Citrobacter freundii, 13 Enterobacter cloacae, 11 Klebsiella pneumoniae, and other 12, were isolated from ESBL screen agar. And, R-plasmid that were selected by 2μg/ml cefotaxime were transfered by conjugation from two of the 92 strains. These strain were E. coli TH9809927 and Proteus mirabilis TH9808262 that were amplified by “Toho-1 type” primer. The clude enzyme from two strains (donor) and transconjugants were especially hydrolysed cepharoridine and cefotaxime. Accordingly, two strains (0.5%) were detected as ESBL producers. We think that the result of our survey suggests the increase of ESBLs producing bacterial infection in Japan, and believe that there is a trend of infection of its by surveylance of the feces.View full abstractDownload PDF (1482K) -
Mayumi KAWAMOTO, Yuichi OSHITA, Hiroshi YOSHIDA, Yutaka SHIMOKAWA, Kou ...2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 259-263
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo males with acute bronchiolitis due to Mycoplasma (M.) pneumoniae, aged 24 and 39 years were reported. They presented prolonged cough and fever in the early stage of the disease. Chest Xrays of those patients showed diffused nodular shadows. Chest CT scan showed diffused nodular shadows and thicknning of bronchovascular marking. Blood-gas analysis indicated hypoxemia without abnormal A-aDO2. We diagnosed two patients as M. pneumoniae infection by antibody assays. The Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) level and IgE level were high. Eosinophilia and endotoxemia were also observed in two patients. We speculated that the allergic reaction and endotoxemia may be related to hypoxemia and the clinical severity of M. pneumoniae infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (7598K) -
Takayuki KARINO, Takako SUNAGAWA, Naoko ASAOKA, Hideo OHBA, Hirohide Y ...2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 264-268
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 26-year-old female was admitted because of multiple fractures in lower extremities. While in the hospital, she developed a high fever and generalized skin eruption. Physical examination revealed bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy and mild hepatosplenomegaly. The white cell count was 11, 200 with 11% atypical lymphocytes. Serum GOT, GPT, LDH were markedly elevated. Infectious mononucleosis was suspected, but the serological test for EB virus did not show evidence of acute EB virus infection. Anti-HSV, CMV, hepatitis A virus antibody titers also did not show significant change during the coarse. The serological test for HHV-6 only showed increased titer of IgM and IgG antibodies. Rapidly elevated IgG antibody titer was indicative of reactivation of HHV-6. So, she was diagnosed as mononucleosis-like syndrome caused by HHV-6, probably reactivated infection. Her symptoms gradually disappeared during a month.View full abstractDownload PDF (2500K) -
Takeshi KANAGAWA, Isao NAGAI, Atsuo KATAI, Hiromichi NAKAMOTO, Daisuke ...2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 269-273
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 45-year-old female with oophoritis (pelvic inflammatory disease) caused by Campylobacter fetus (C. fetus) is reported. She was admitted to the hospital because of high fever and an acute abdomen. On admission, severe inflammation was observed by the laboratory findings, and abdominal X-ray and CT scan revealed ileus with marked swelling of the right ovary. Laparotomy was performed with adonexooophrectomy due to the tubo-ovarian abscesses. C. fetus was isolated from the right ovary, salpinx and ascites. Erythromycin was administrated after a sensitive test of C. fetus as the bacteria was isolated at operation. She was discharged on the 17th day after her admission. Indirect immunofluorescent test with hyperimmune rabbit sera to isolated C. fetus revealed a fine to coarse granular immunoreaction in the cytoplasm of the macrophages infiltrated in the tissue. This result was interpreted as the existence and growth of bacteria in the right ovarial tissue. Oophoritis due to C. fetus subspecies fetus is very rare. To our knowledge, this case is the second case reported in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (4527K) -
Hisashi OHNISHI, Riyo FUJIYAMA, Hiromi TOMIOKA, Kimihide TADA, Go YAMA ...2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 274-277
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 64 years old woman without systemic immunological disorders was admitted to our hospital because of a productive cough, low grade fever and bloody sputum. Chest X-ray revealed multiple nodules with calcification, infiltrates and bronchiectasis. Laboratory findings showed mild hypoproteinemia and elevated sedimentation rate. Both Nocardia farcinica and Mycobacterium intracellulare were isolated from the bronchial lavage fluid. Administration of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim improved her symptoms. In a recurrent study of bronchial lavage N. farcinica was not isolated, but M. intracellurale was still isolated. We believe that N. farcinica may cause infectious exacerbation of chronic lung disease: non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis and bronchiectasis.View full abstractDownload PDF (3024K) -
Kazuya KODAMA, Toshiyuki NOGUCHI, Yoshimi CHIKAHIRA2000 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 278-279
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (925K)
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