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Volume 81 (2007)
- Issue 6 Pages 669-
- Issue 5 Pages 549-
- Issue 4 Pages 363-
- Issue 3 Pages 235-
- Issue 2 Pages 127-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 81, Issue 5
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Development of Multiplex Real-time PCR Assay for the Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2Mami NAGASHIMA, Kenji SADAMASU, Takayuki SHINKAI, Yasuko YOSHIDA, Sumi ...2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 549-554
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed a multiplex real-time PCR assay to simultaneously detect herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 genomes. TaqMan PCR primer pairs and fluologenic probes targeting the HSV-1 or HSV-2 gpD region were originally designed. The detection limit was 15 copies/tube, and the quantitative range was from 15 to 1.5×106copies/tube of HSV-1 or HSV-2 DNA. The sensitivity of this assay was 103times higher than the onventional PCR assay. No other herpes virus DNA-Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes virus6, human herpes virus 7, or varicella-zoster virus-were detected by this assay.
These results indicated that the multiplex real-time PCR assay is useful for rapidly diagnosing HSV-1and HSV-2.View full abstractDownload PDF (1697K) -
Tamie SUGAWARA, Yasushi OHKUSA, Keiko TAYA, Kaoru OIKAWA, Noriyuki HAN ...2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 555-561
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: Mumps immunization is not included in routine immunization in Japan. We measured the cost-effectiveness of routine immunization.
Methods: We surveyed outpatients prospectively from June 15, 2004, for 19 months in an area with a population of 100, 000. Almost all of the 11 pediatric clinics and hospitals in this area cooperated. In 2006, we retrospectively surveyed all inpatients hospitalized for more than 24 hours and dying of mumps.
Results: We collected data from 189 doctors who rated outpatients and 112 families. The disease burden for outpatients including family nursing was estimated to be 47.1 billion yen nationwide. We estimated the total number of inpatients as 4, 596. The disease burden of inpatients including the cost of family nursing was estimated to be 1.35 billion yen. Adding cases of sequelae and death, the total disease burden was estimated to be 52.5 billion yen. The incremental benefit cost ratio for routine immunization is higher than 1 even in the lower bounds of the 95% confidence interval.
Discussion and Conclusions: The incremental benefit cost ratio shows that the additional benefit due to routine immunization exceeds additional cost, emphasizing the benefits of routine mumps immunization.View full abstractDownload PDF (1235K) -
Takako SHIMA, Koji SUDO, Makiko KONDO, Hanako KURAI, Hiroko SAGARA, Mi ...2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 562-572
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe evaluated the fourth-generation HIV screening assay VIDAS HIV DUOII (DUOII) based on ELFA for simultaneous detection of anti-HIV-1 and anti-HIV-2 antibodies and HIV-1 p24 antigen through comparison with other HIV antigen-antibody detection assays.
Materials were 1228 HIV-negative specimens, 95 HIV-antibody-positive specimens, and HIV commercial panels. The specificity of DUOII was 99.8% and sensitivity 100%, detecting all of HIV-1 group M subtype A, B, B', C, D, A/E, F, G, B/D, HIV-1 group O, and HIV-2. The sensitivity test to HIV-1 p24 antigen was 5pg/mL, higher than other assays. DUOII was equivalent to or superior in detecting results earlier than other assays in an evaluation using 10 commercial HIV-1 seroconversion panels of primary infection. DUOII detects anti-HIV IgM antibody, so no negative sample was found in the second window between p24 antigen disappearance and raised anti-HIV IgG antibody.
DUOII has sufficient specificity and sensitivity for HIV screening, and detects primary infection sooner than other assays. These results indicate that DUOII is useful and reliable in HIV screening.View full abstractDownload PDF (4060K) -
Atsushi ISOZAKI, Hiroshi SAKUMA2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 573-576
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA feverish 5-year-old girl diagnosed with influenza A virus from a positive rapid influenza type A antigen test, and suffering pain and redness in her left knee had febrile convulsions and was admitted. Her knee pain and redness increased. She was diagnosed with acute osteomyelitis and subperiosteal abscess based on MRI. We started intravenous antibiotics and punctured and drained the abscess.S. pyogeneswas isolated from blood and puncture pus culture and a rapid group A β hemolyticStreptococcalantigen test was positive in a throat swab. After 10days' drainage and 28days' antibiotics treatment, she was discharged. Viral superinfections aggravate S. pyogenes infection both in animal models and human cases. This case gives futher evidence that superinfectious influenza A virus is a risk factor for severeS. pyogenesinfection.View full abstractDownload PDF (542K) -
Hachiro OHNISHI, Yasunori SAWAYAMA, Iwao ARIYAMA, Kouzaburou YAMAJI, N ...2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 577-581
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 39-year-old man with a high fever, headache, and stiff neck, and Kernig and Brudzinski signs admitted in June 2004 had a WBC of 10, 680/μL and CRP of 10.5mg/dL. Streptococcus pneumoniae was detected in blood and spinal fluid culture, but brain CT was normal. Meningitis was diagnosed and antibiotics and corticosteroids begun. After four days of treatment, his blood test and spinal fluid data had improved, but his consciousness had deteriorated. ADEM was diagnosed by the clinical course and brain MRI (T2-weighted image) that showed high-intensity lesions in the white cerebral matter, and steroid pulse treatment was begun on day 4 after admission. His consciousness disturbance rapidly disappeared and brain MRI showed that the multiple high-intensity lesions had ameliorated. The patient was released after 40days of treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (2102K) -
Masatoshi TOKOJIMA, Jun-ichi ASHITANI, Nobuhiro MATSUMOTO, Masamitsu N ...2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 582-585
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 38 year-old woman admitted for bilateral infiltrates with a cavity and treated diabetic ketoacidosis and elevated inflammatory reaction in clinical examination was found in transbronchial lung biopsy specimens to have bilateral pulmonary mucormycosis. We controlled blood glucose with insulin and removed bilateral pulmonary lesions separately. Pulmonary mucormycosis with diabetic ketoacidosis is a rare but fatal fungal infection. Early diagnosis, intensive insulin therapy, and surgical resection may save patients with pulmonary mucormycosis even if lesions are bilateral.View full abstractDownload PDF (1662K) -
Atsuko IWATA, Koichi IZUMIKAWA, Takaharu SEKITA, Hiroshi ISHIMOTO, Nor ...2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 586-591
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 37-year-old woman admitted elsewhere for a high fever, dry cough, stridor, and dyspnea was found in chest radiography and computed tomography on admission to have a thickened bronchial wall with centrilobular nodules in both lower lobes and skipped consolidations in the lower and middle lobe of the right lung. She had been diagnosed with mycoplasmal pneumonia because of high Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody titer, so clarithromycin (CAM) was administrated. She was referred to us due to hypoxia with obstructive impairment in the pulmonary function test. Ventilation/perfusion radioisotope in the lung scan indicated heterogeneous distribution without mismatch, suggesting bronchiolitis obliterans due to M. pneumoniae pneumonia, so steroids were started. Five weeks of steroid administration ameliorated clinical symptoms, hypoxia, and abnormal shadows, but obstructive impairment diod not disappear completely. Early administration of steroid with antibiotics is required for bronchiolitis obliterans caused by M. pneumoniae. We review cases of mycoplasmal bronchiolitis reported in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (1504K) -
Yasuhiro MOCHIDUKI, Tokunao AMEMIYA, Masami YABE2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 592-596
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 64-year-old woman with acute myeloid leukemia, headache, vomiting, and fever exceeding 38.5°C on day 15 during severe neutropenia while undergoing second consolidation chemotherapy presented the next day, with an altered mental state. A space-occupying lesion with ring enhancement was detected in her right frontal lobe on CT, indicting a brain abscess. Treatment was started with 2g/day of meropenem and 2 g/day of vancomycin. Surgical drainage was conducted on day 22 after recovery of her neutrophil and platelet counts. Culture of aspirated pus showed Gram-positive rods subsequently identified as Bacillus licheniformis.Meropenem was administered for 87 days and vancomycin for 44 days. The patient's general condition improved without neurological complications, and her enhanced brain lesion disappeared on day 185.
B. licheniformis is often encountered in diagnostic laboratory culture and usually dismissed as a contaminant, but must be considered as a causative agents for brain abscesses in immunocompromised hosts.View full abstractDownload PDF (1140K) -
Yasutaka MIZUNO, Koichiro KUDO, Shigeyuki KANO2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 597-599
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (979K) -
Yasutaka MIZUNO, Yasuyuki KATO, Koichiro KUDO, Tomohiko TAKASAKI, Ichi ...2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 600-601
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (251K) -
Noriko KOJIMAHARA, Naohito YAMAGUCHI2007 Volume 81 Issue 5 Pages 602-606
Published: September 20, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1049K)
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