The Annual Review of Sociology

The “Principia Media” as Central Concept of K. Mannheim's Sociology

Yoshihide IRIE

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 1-12
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

This paper attempts to clarify the growing process of the dynamic totality of K. Mannheim's social theory, and further, to show the effectiveness of his conception of the completed form of this totality, the “Principia Media”, employed in the explanation of social planning and the formation of human character. The term “principia media” has various meanings; among others, the most important one is that of mediating between the abstract (interpretation) and the concrete(practice).It will be showed that he tried to integrate nominalism and conservative substantialism on the epistemological level.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1376K)
A critical succession of Goldmann's theory and its limitation

On Political reading of the novel by Jacques Leenhardt

Tomoyuki Suzuki

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 13-24
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.13

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

This paper aims to evaluate Jacques Leenhardt's work, Political reading of the novel (1973), as an attempt to inherit the literary theory maintained by Lucien Goldmann. By introducing seciological analyses into the sociological reading of literary text, Leenhardt succeeds in revealing the ideological meanings that lie behind the text of a novel. The Leenhardt's modifications of Goldmann's methodology, however, make it clear that there is a theoretical limitation in Goldmann's conception. The paper concludes that sociology of literary text should change its point of view to comprehend the relation between the text and the context that conditions the production of text.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1480K)
Mass Communication as “Subject-Making” Process

Takashi OKUMURA

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 25-36
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.25

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Why does a person get contact with mass media? Why does he take part in “mass communication process”? In this paper, I answer this primitive question by referring to the apparatus with which an audience can make “subject” of himself. “Mass communication process” always includes this apparatus, which can involve so many people in this process so deeply. I examine this hypothesis in two ways. First, I analyse some media frames of the news on foreigners in Japan in 1980's. Second, I compare “mass communication process” with some cases of direct interpersonal process and try to extract the essence of “mass communication process” itself.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1348K)
Sociology of “Juridification” in the Welfare State

Shuhei ITO

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 37-48
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.37

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The Welfare State today is characterized by redistributive policies and positive social regulations. And laws are used as the instrument of the achievement of social policies and social regulations. But these legal regulations seem to fail in social control and rise over-regulation. In the recent discussion this phenomenon i s regarded as “Juridification”. Juridification seems to be an important socio-legal issue of the Welfare State today. In this thesis we refer to the arguement of J. Habermas and G. Teubner, then we make it clear the essence of Juridification and grope for the directions of less repressive regulation in the Welfare State.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1521K)
Proposition of ‘5 elements-Model’ on ‘Hare-Ke-Kegare’ problelm

Yoshio SAKURAI

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 49-60
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.49

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

We discuss the problem of ‘Hare-Ke-Kegare’. Firstly we survey some opposing points and weak points of theories on ‘Hare-Ke-Kegare’. Secondly we present our ‘5 elements-Model’, by developping Sakurai tokutaro's theory and applying Psyco- analysis theory. Lastly we verify effectiveness of our model to overcome the opposing points and weak points of the theories on ‘Hare-Ke-Kegare’.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1163K)
Singularity of Society and Plurality of Single

A study of single as an expressive form of human beings

Atsuhiko OHKUNI

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 61-72
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.61

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Recently it has been evident that current society is the systematized one. It expands beyond immediate experience of people in everyday life and reaches on a global scale. Its range is so wide and complicated that only abstract frame can recognize it. But on the other hand man misses lively relations in which he animates other people and is animated, for the abstract frame of concepts and ideas regards lively people as individuals and objects. In this paper I intend to show that single is the current form which is expressed from dynamics in lively relations of human beings. In terms of lively relations it appears that the systematized society is singular and single is plural.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1339K)
Place of Eugenics

On the relations between population and family

Shoichi OTA

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 73-84
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.73

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Historically eugenics was not always an instrument to promote racism, such as in Nazism. In the early twentieth-century Western societies population problem was one of the most important issues. In that context eugenics played a specific role in developing social intervention in individual life or reproduction. This essay tries to trace such a historical role of eugenics through the analysis of the ‘police’ of feeble-mindedness as an example.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1565K)
The Significance of Corporate Citizenship in Modern Society

Vitalization of Intra-Corporate Culture and Incubation of Lifestyle Creation

Wakako IWATA

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 85-94
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.85

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The discussion on the civil socialization of enterprises have following two perspectives — “Social Contribution” and “Corporate Culture”. It seems that both are in agreement in that social, cultural needs are externaly satisfied by enterprises and enterprises don't regard the civil socialization of themselves as a part of consistent process of corporate activity. This is the point at issue.
The civil socialization of enterprizes means that the civil society is developping from “economic” civil society into “social” one among three types-political, economic and social — of the civil society. Enterprises which have brought about mass society should themselves realize “Corporate Citizenship” and, going back to the starting point of Pubulic Relation again, incubate lifestyle of seikatusha the people in everyday life.

View full abstract

Download PDF (925K)
Ie Founder and Family Law

Chiyo YONEMURA

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 95-106
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.95

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Most previous studies on ie have conceptualized ie as the model of pre-modern feudal family under the impacts of pre-war political system. With this narrow difinition, the various meanings of ie held by people in those times have been neglected. The objective of this paper is to describe the positive meaning of ie in terms of ie founders or successors. Using the data from family laws of merchant houses in the Edo or the Meiji era, we found that they maintained the ambitions to found or sustain their own ie throughout many generations and tried to realize their ambitions in various ways. The results of this research suggest that these positive intention must be understood as a value held among people in those times not as consequences of a feudal political system.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1623K)
The Employment and Promotion of Foreign White-collar Employees Working for Japanese Companies in Japan

a Comparative Study of Asian and Western White-collar employees

Nobuko HOSOGAYA

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 107-118
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.107

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

A probelm arises, in the Japanese Companies' attempt to utilize foreign white-collar employees, it being that they do not intend to remain long within one company. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the employment and promotion problems of foreign white-collar employees working for Japanese companies in Japan. This concerns their employee-status and then country of origin. Their career prospects seem to depend on employee-status, working experience, educational background, native languages, etc. To examine such factors is crucial in defining how career prospects are attained, and how prospects are offered by the company. Utilization of foreign employees is inevitable for Japanese companies that struggle to be globalized both in Japan and abroad.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1432K)
Disaster Prevention Activities in Urban Communities

Naotoshi YOKOTA

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 119-130
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.119

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Disaster prevention activities have been important ones in urban communities. Since 1970's, for the purpose of securing communities against future earthquake disasters, disaster prevention organizations have been organaized in Japan, especially, in Tokyo, Shizuoka and so forth. But many local residents are not interested in them. So only a few people have ever participated in them.
We hold these activities should be integrated with ones to improve dwelling environment. We need a new conception of disaster prevention activities in urban communities.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1455K)
A Perspective of Sociological Disaster Resaerch

June OYANE

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 131-142
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.131

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

This paper tries to examine a basic perspective of sociological disaster research. In addition to the traditional perspective which focuses on the various social systems in the disaster area, two more perspectives are suggested to examine. One is the perspective in terms of which a disaster grasped as one factor to manifest and accelerate the potential social change. Another perspective demands the necessity of reconstruction of the realities of refugees, who otherwise grasped in a monistic manner such as inmates, but they have their own social backgrounds and reasons to do so.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1510K)
The Weak State and the Agrarian Reform

Beyond the Social Transformation from the Above

Katsunori NARIYA

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 143-154
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.143

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

This paper is to consider prospects of the agrarian reform program under the post-authoritarian ‘democratic’ regime of the Philippines. I will show that the weak state, lacking adequate bureaucratic machineries as well as autonomy from landed elite class and clans, cannot implement genuine agrarain reform “from the above”. However, I also pursue the possibility that farmer-beneficiaries of the agrarian reform program, who are empowered by non-government organizations and people's organizations, will develop into self-reliant organizations.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1509K)
Unified European Society, Various Alternative European Societies

Implications of the Argument over “Complex Society” in Italy

Michinobu NIIHARA

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 155-164
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.155

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The structure of contemporary society can be analyzed in the term “complex society (società complessa)”. If, however, we attempt to comprehend the entity of each heterogeneous element within the present society, it is very useful to invent another term “composed society (società composite)”. In this context one question we can ask is, “How we can find the latent power of the people who live in the complex society (società complessa)?”

View full abstract

Download PDF (1116K)
An aspect of sociology of social movement in ARS VIVENDI

Toru MAMADA

1992 Volume 1992 Issue 5 Pages 165-174
Published: June 05, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.1992.165

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

This paper aims to review ARS VIVENDI by Junko ASAKA, Masayuki OKAHARA, Fumiya ONAKA and Shinya TATEIWA. ARS VIVENDI seems a sociologically important work because it succeeds to explicate some patterns of implicit interactions between handicapped persons living independently and others, and because it develops a sociology of social movement.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1138K)

Register with J-STAGE for free!