Kanzo
Online ISSN : 1881-3593
Print ISSN : 0451-4203
ISSN-L : 0451-4203
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Volume 20, Issue 4
Displaying 1-22 of 22 articles from this issue
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  • The evaluation of neurovascular function in patients with liver diseases
    Yoshifusa AIZAWA, Takao SUNAGA, Akira SHIBATA, Yasuko YUASA, Yasutaka ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 335-338
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.335
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    The neurovascular function was studied in 5 patients with liver cirrhosis and 6 with chronic active hepatitis, both at the compensated stage, and 4 patients with acute viral hepatitis in their convalesecent stage. All of them were able to perform the daily life and complained no symptom suggestive of overt peripheral neuropathy. A significantly diminished vascular reactivity to a cold stimulus was found in the patients with liver cirrhosis and in the patients with chronic active hepatitis. The rest showed normal response. A simultaneous determination of peripheral nerve function measuring the nerve conduction velocity showed a slower value which had a high correlation with the vascular reactivity (r=0.88, p<0.01). These results suggest a subclinical dysfunction of the neurovascular reflex arc, mainly in the somatic nerve in those who have chronic liver diseases (liver cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis). The function of autonomic nerves or the vascular smooth muscle is to be studied as well as the mechanisms of the disturbance.
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  • Genetic factors (HLA) and cellular immunity in the pathogenesis of asymptomatic HBsAg carrier
    Mikio KUMAGAI
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 339-345
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.339
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    In an attempt to clarify the role of genetic factors and cellular immunity in the pathogenesis of asymptomatic HBsAg carrier, T-B cells population, Human Leucocyte Antigens (HLA) and Leucocyte Migration Inhibition Test (LMT) were investigated.
    1. The percentage of T cells was decreased in carriers compared with controls. (p<0.05)
    2. In carriers with low T cell population, the frequency distribution of HLA BW22, BW54, A2-BW54 and A10-BW54 was increased compared with controls. (p<0.01, 0.01, 0.001, 0.01)
    3. Carriers in a family clustered carrier have common HLA haplotype.
    4. The cellular antibody against purified HBsAg was observed in only one carrier (14%)by LMT.
    5. Consequently, genetic factors and cellular immunity seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of asymptomatic HBsAg carrier.
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  • Inflammatory cell reaction in the course of experimental hepatitis B
    Toshio SHIKATA, Tsutomu KARASAWA, Kenji ABE, Toshitsugu ODA
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 346-355
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.346
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    The course of experimental hepatitis B in chimpanzees was studied, and biochemically, serologically and histopathologically different two types were recognized.
    The one was self-limited, rapidly resolving hepatitis with high spiking and short term elevation of serum transaminases starting at 3 to 4 weeks after the appearance of HBsAg in blood. The other was smoldering and persistent hepatitis with low-plateau-forming persistent transaminase abnormality developing later than 10 weeks after the HBsAg appearance. Anti HBc became positive before the transaminase elevation in this type. Histologically the latter type was characterized by severe and monotonous infiltration of small round cells in portal areas with occasional lymph-follicle formation before the liverenzymatic manifestation of the disease. The portal inflammatory cell infiltration became evident at 3 to 9 weeks after the HBsAg appearance and became increasingly severe thereafter with no relation to the severity of changes within liver lobules. In the former type of rapidly resolving hepatitis, the portal inflammatory cell infiltration remained even after the normalization of the liver enzymes consistently with no relation to intralobular changes.
    Based on these observation, difficulty might be presumed in the diagnosis of some human cases of the viral hepatitis if it is acute or chronic only by an one-point-period liver-biopsy specimen.
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  • A clinical significance of serum GOT isozymes in hepatic diseases
    Ryomi SASAKI
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 356-368
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.356
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    We studied a clinical significance of serum mitochondrial GOT activity in various hepatic diseases by a simple chromatographic technique.
    The minicolumn chromatographic procedure with use of DEAE Sephadex A 50 proved to be satisfactory in the separation of serum GOT isozymes, making it suitable for clinical practice. m-GOT is a normal constituent of human serum with the enzyme activity below 4mIU. Of various liver diseases, the increase of m-GOT is related to the degrees of hepatic necrosis or activity of illness and its determination is useful as a supplemental procedure of hepatic disease. Moreover, the increased ratio of m-GOT to total GOT in alcoholic liver disease has most clinical value. Further study is warranted to investigate the question of whether it might be possible to trace the extent and the type of mitochondrial damage in liver disease more precisely by determining m-GOT activity.
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  • Oral ursodeoxycholic acid tolerance test for patients with hepatobiliary disease
    Akiko TASHIRO
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 369-376
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.369
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    The serum ursodeoxycholic acid disappearance rate following 25mg oral ursodeoxycholic acid by using radioimmunoassay (oral ursodeoxycholic acid tolerance test) was studied in 13 normal subjects and 58 patients with hepatocellar disease.
    In normal subjects the maximum ursodeoxycholic acid concentration was mostly noted 30 min after administration, and then serum ursodeoxycholic acid was rapidly cleared from blood. The delay of disappearance rate was remarkable or moderate in cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis, significantly slight in chronic inactive hepatitis and variable in acute hepatitis. However, there was no correlation between this tolerance test and conventional liver function test except serum total bilirubin and ICG.
    The measurement of ursodeoxycholic acid disappearance rate sensitively reflected changes in hepatic function occuring with hepatocellar damege (especially, hepatic ursodeoxycholic acid uptake in chronic hepatic disease without arteriovenous shunt) and probably posess a clinical significance to assess the severity of hepatic diseases.
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  • Analysis of ploidy classes of human liver cells in chronic active liver diseases as studied by Feulgen-DNA cytofluorometry
    Tatsuro TAKINO, Osamu KITAMURA, Keizo KAGAWA, Kenji OKUDA, Tokindo TAK ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 377-387
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.377
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    97 specimens obtained from histologically confirmed liver tissues (16 chronic inactive hepatitis, 37 chronic active hepatitis, 24 cirrhosis, 20 normal) were investigated using the Feulgen-DNA cytonuorometry to elucidate the change in ploidy patterns of human liver cells in chronic hepatitis.
    It was shown that, in normal adults and patients with chronic inactive hepatitis, 90% of the liver cells were mononuclear diploid (MD) up to the ages of 50 years old, and that the percentage of polyploid cells such as binuclear diploid (BD) and mononuclear tetraploid (MT) cells gradually increased thereafter. However, in cases of chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis, the fraction of MD cells decreased and that of polyploid cells increased regardless of the ages of patients. Such an increase in fraction of polyploid cells in chronic active liver diseases was further enhanced during the course of the illness.
    From these results and our previous results with the regenerative activity of human liver cells, it is concluded that, from a standpoint of the ploidy patterns, the aging process of liver cells is accelerated through the stimulated regeneration of the cells in chronic active liver diseases.
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  • Portal hypertension of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: its pathogenesis and comparison with other liver diseases using histometric methods
    Yasuni NAKANUMA, Goroku OHTA
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 388-395
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.388
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    Based on the fact that caliber ratio of portal veins and hepatic arterial branches running parallel in the portal tracts in normal livers are largely constant, the caliber ratios (portal vein/artery) of patients with various liver diseascs were determined and compared with each other. As the chliber ratios became lower than those of normal livers, the lumina of the portal veins became narrowing. The ratios were extremely lower in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), idiopathic portal hypertension and prolonged extrahepatic cholestasis. The mechanism of portal hypertension occurring in the stages of PBC prior to cirrhosis might be partly explained by marked narrowing of intrahepatic portal veins (presinusoidal block), as thought in idopathic portal hypertension. The narrowing is assumed to occur as a result of nonsupPurative destructive cholangitis in the portal tracts.
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  • Serum protein alteration in acute hepatic failure
    Yohei FUKUMOTO, Kiwamu OKITA, Takahiro KODAMA, Ken-ichi NODA, Ryoko FU ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 396-404
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.396
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    For the purpose of early diagnosis of acute severe hepatitis from the view point of serum protein levels, a concentration of serum proteins, especially twenty kinds of serum subfraction, were measured simultaneously in fulminant hepatitis and subacute hepatitis by immunodiffusion. Other examined serum proteins are albumin, α1, α2, β, γ-globulin, prothrombin time and hepaplastin time.
    The levels of many kinds of serum proteins in acute severe hepatitis were compaired statistically with them in normal group, acute hepatitis and chronic liver diseases. Consequently, concentrations of almost all serum subfractior. except immunoglobulin in acute severe hepatitis were dropped in the most lower levels than that in any other liver diseases. Particulary, hemopexin, α2Hs-glycoprotein, haptoglobin, β1A/β1C globulin, prealbumin, transferrin and α1 acid glycoprotein were seemed to be reliable indices in early diagnosis and prognostic judgement of acute severe hepatitis. Hepaplastin time was important examination in this purpose, too.
    In acute severe hepatitis such as fulminant hepatitis and subacute hepatitis, a diagnostic pattern of serum subfraction was shown in this evaluation.
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  • Studies on carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in various liver diseases
    II. Serum CEA levels in patients with hepatitis and with liver cirrhosis and its clinical significance
    Shigetoshi FUJIYAMA, Etsuo MATSUNAGA, Kazufumi ARAKI, Masanori HOKAMUR ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 405-416
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: March 08, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.405
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    Radioimmunoassay of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was carried out in patients with various liver diseases, particularly in benign liver diseases, and its clinical usefulness was discussed.
    Serum CEA titer more than 2.5ng/ml was found in 20% of 5 subacute hepatitis, 14.3% of 21 acute hepatitis, 0% of 10 persistent hepatitis, 19.7% of 137 chronic hepatitis and 37.4% of 91 liver cirrhosis. To compared with malignant liver disease, the incidence and serum levels of CEA in these patients were considerably low.
    No obvious correlation existed between CEA and AFP levels, and the CEA levels not changed in parallel with SGOT or AFP, suggesting that the CEA level could not be associated with hepatic regeneration after phrenchymal damage. In general, serum CEA levels tended to increase with degree of impairment of liver function but in individual case it fluctuated with the clinical course.
    No significant difference in CEA level betwcen liver cirrhosis and hepatoma was observed. Accordingly, it was suggested that the value of CEA alone was not so useful as an indicator for detection of hepatoma.
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  • Long-term survived cases of hepatocellular carcinoma without chemotherapy
    Daizo KAN, Mami KAN, Yohei FUKUMOTO, Kenichi NODA, Takahiro KODAMA, Ki ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 417-422
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.417
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    Two cases of hepatocellular carcinoma which had long term suvival without chemotherapy were described. They were middle aged males and female. They had no chemotherapy during admission. Specially, one female case had long-term suvival more than 3 years without chemotherapy. Microscopically, the tumor was well differentiated type of hepatocellular carcinoma, -Edmondsons' grade II. Serum A. F. P. was negative in the one male case. And serum A. F. P. was 1×105ng/ml at the end stage in the one female case. Peripheral blood lymphocyte counts and PHA-response of peripheral blood lymphocytes were depressed at the onset of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 423
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.423
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 424
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.424
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 425
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.425
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 426
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.426
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 427
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.427
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 428
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.428
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 429
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.429
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 430
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.430
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 431
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.431
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 432
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.432
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  • Survey and follow-up study of primary liver cancer in japan
    Report 4
    Liver Cancer study Group of Japan
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 433-441
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.433
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    This presents the analyses of 4031 cases of primary liver malignancies filed on individual case questionnaire by 155 institutes throughout the country as a survey conducted by Japan Liver Cancer study Group for the period from Jan. 1, 1968 to Dec. 31, 1977. They consisted of 2411 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 268 of cholangiocarcinoma, 58 of the mixed typecarcinoma, 69 of hepatoblastoma, 23 of others, and 1202 cases with no histological diagnosis. The survey included gross anatomy, histological pattern and grade of anaplasia of cancer cells, pathology of noncancerous parenchyma, distant metastases, past history particularly hepatitis, familial clustering of cancer and HBsAg, frequency of HBsAg and anti-HBs, initial symptoms, objective signs, diagnostic aspects such as alpha-fetoprotein and celiac angiography, surgical approaches, types of operations and resections, choice of chemotherapeutic agents and route of administration, prognosis with respect to surgery, carcinoma and presence of accompanying cirrhosis or fibrosis, etc.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    1979 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 442-449
    Published: April 25, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.20.442
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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