Kanzo
Online ISSN : 1881-3593
Print ISSN : 0451-4203
ISSN-L : 0451-4203
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Volume 21, Issue 7
Displaying 1-26 of 26 articles from this issue
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  • Hepatic glutathione-insulin transhydrogenase activity in CCl4-induced hepatic cirrhosis or streptozotocin diabetes in rat
    Tomoyoshi KAMIYA
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 799-807
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.799
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    To clarify the mechanism of hyperinsulinemia often encountered in chronic liver diseases, the activity of Glutathione-Insulin Transhydrogenase (GIT) as insulin degrading enzyme was measured in rat liver.
    Experimentally, liver cirrhosis was produced in female Wistar rats by subcutaneous injection of CCl4 (1.5ml/kg) twice a week for 12 weeks, and diabetic rats were produced by intravenous injection of streptozotocin (65mg/kg).
    The rats were decapitated in fasting state and at 30 min. after 3g/kg of oral glucose administration and 10, 000×g supernatant of liver homogenate was used as enzyme preparation. The GIT activity was measured by counting radioactivity of 125I-insulin, degraded by GIT with the use of 15% TCA.
    Fasting blood glucose levels were significantly decreased in cirrhotic rats, whereas these were elevated in diabetic rats.
    Plasma IRI levels were higher in cirrhotic rats in general, whereas decreased IRI levels were observed in diabetic rats. However, GIT activity was significantly enhanced in cirrhotic rat liver, whether expressed per gm. of liver or mg protein. Furthermore the enzyme activity was slightly reduced in the diabetic rat liver.
    Thus, GIT activity appears to be induced by the elevated plasma insulin levels as seen in liver cirrhosis.
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  • Studies of anti-HA on an outbreak of hepatitis A in "G" junior high school
    Masaru SHIMIZU, Masaaki KAMETANI, Nobuyuki ADACHI, Masami OYAMA, Kazum ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 808-815
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.808
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    The authors encountered an outbreak of acute hepatitis in "G" junior high school in Gifu prefecture between February and March, 1978. Hepatitis A virus particles were detected in faecal specimens collected from 5 pupils at the beginning of the outbreak.
    In this paper, anti-HA was examined by radioimmunoassay in the sera of pupils, staff members, and family members of patients with hepatitis A. From the results of serological examination, number of patients with hepatitis A amounted to 109 persons including 6 persons of secondary infection (3 pupils, 2 adults and one child).
    The discovery of patients in time by mass survey and personal prevention, such as handwashing, were significant to the prevention of secondary infection of hepatitis A.
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  • Detection and its clinical significance of circulating immune complexes by C1q-binding test in various liver diseases
    Yoshihiro FUKUDA, Masahiko ADACHI, Masaju SANO, Hiroo IMURA, Kenichi I ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 816-822
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.816
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    Immune complexes (I.C.) in the sera of patients with various liver diseases were detected by C1q-binding test.
    I.C. were positive in the sera from 3 of 21 patients with asymptomatic HBs. Ag carrier (14.3%), 6 of 19 acute hepatitis (31.6%), 26 of 70 chronic hepatitis (37.1%), 29 of 44 liver cirrhosis (65.9%), 13 of 17 P.B.C. (76.5%) and 6 of 7 lupoid hepatitis (85.7%).
    In sera from patients with chronic active hepatitis, very high positive frequency (81.8%), almost compatible with those in P.B.C. or lupoid hepatitis, was found.
    High C1q-binding activity values were most frequently found in sera from patients with symptoms such as nephropathy, arthralgia and rash, with increased serum gamma globulin concentrations or with a decrease in hepatic clearance of 198Au-Colloid.
    It is suggested that the presence of port-systemic shunt and impairment of reticuloendothelial function, besides autoimmune mechanism, were mostly concerned with appearance of I.C. in liver diseases.
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  • An elevation of serum cholinesterase activity in fatty liver
    Kenichiro IWAMURA, Shohei MATSUZAKI, Masaru ITAKURA
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 823-829
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.823
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    Higher cholinesterase activities than a normal level (2, 900-4, 500 U/1) were observed in 80 and 60% of 41 severe and 30 moderate cases of fatty liver which were classified by histological examination of the liver. The value was significantly higher in a severe group (a mean of 5, 311 U/l) than a moderate group (4, 748 U/1) (p<0.01), but was not related to an association of diabetes mellitus, obesity and habitual alcohol intake. The elevation was associated with significant elevations of serum lipids, albumin ahd γ-GTP. T 1/2 of 131 I-RISA in 13 severe cases was moderately shortened (7.0-10.2 days). An isozyme pattern of ChE was normal. Thus, an elevation of ChE in fatty liver most likely reflects an increased production of the enzyme in the liver as well as lipoproteins and albumin induced by abnormal lipid metabolism.
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  • Effects of intra- and extrahepatic shunting on insulin metabolism and glucose tolerance
    Kunihiko OHNISHI, Akihiko MISHIMA, Kunihiko KONO, Motohide TAKASHI, Sh ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 830-836
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.830
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    To study the effects of intra- and extrahepatic shunting on insulin metabolism and glucose tolerance, 12 patients with liver diseases were studied with intravenous infusion of 0.5gm glucose per kilogram of ideal body weight and intra- and extrahepatic shunting was measured in these subjects. With glucose stimulation, portal vein blood level of insulin showed a peak at 2 minutes and again at 15-90 minutes. Values for glucose disappearance rate (KG) showed a more significant correlation with insulin consumed (area under curve or AUC060 for portal blood IRI-AUC060 for peripheral blood IRI) than insulin secreted (AUC060 for portal blood IRI). Whole body IRI extraction ratio (AUC060 for portal blood IRIAUC060 for peripheral blood IRI)/(AUC060 for portal blood IRI)×100 showed a significant correlation with intrahepatic shunting but did not show a significant correlation with extrahepatic shunting. These data suggest that a decrease of metabolism of insulin due to intrahepatic shunting may play a role, at least, in part, in glucose intolerance in patients with chronic liver disease, especially liver cirrhosis.
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  • Clinical investigations on serum and ascitic ammonium values in chronic hepatic encephalopathy
    Hiromitsu KUMADA, Kazuo TAKEUCHI, Eiji OYAKE, Masao NAKAJIMA, Akira YO ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 837-845
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.837
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    A method of shunting the abdominal cavity and vena cava superior developed by Leveen has been employed of late in a more active treatment of patients with intractable ascites. When we treated patients Who had hepatitic cirrhosis with Leveen's method of shunting the abdominal cavity and vena cava superior a transient hepatic encephalopathy developed after treatment.
    In an attempt to clarify the cause of this developement, we compared both the serum and ascitic ammonium values obtained from 18 cases of hepatitic cirrhosis accompanied with ascites, and found out that the ascitic ammonium values in 15 cases (83%) were higher than that of blood.
    In contrast to the group with hepatitic cirrhosis, when the serum and ascitic ammonium values obtained from 7 control patients with non-hepatitic cirrhotic diseases such as peritonitis carcinomatosa were studies, 5 out of 7 cases (71%) showed higher values of serum ammonium than that of asities.
    On the other hand, it has long been known among medical workers that hepatic encephalopathy could be induced when a voluminous diuresis is obtained at one time or removed in a pathient with hepatitic cirrhosis accompanied with asities and that it is conceivaly attributable to abnomal electrolytes including other factors. However, the results obtained from our current investigations have suggested that when a voluminous ascites is perfused with blood at on time, the ascitic ammonium comes into the blood because of its having a higher value than that of blood, thereby raising up the ammonium value of the blood which may cause hepatic encephalopathy.
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  • Percutaneous transhepatic portography (PTP).
    V Improvement of the technique, results in 133 cases, and radiological findings
    Kenichi TAKAYASU, Motohide TAKASHI, Hirotaka MUSHA, Kunio OKUDA, Chizu ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 846-856
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.846
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    An improved technique for percutaneous transhepatic portal vein catheterization is descrived in comparison with the old method. It employs a PTC needle to puncture a portalvein branch before PTP needle is used. Using either the old or new method, PTP was carried out in 133 patients with various liver diseases consisting chiefly of liver cirrhosis. The success rate with the new method (90.3%) was much superior to that with the old one (59.0%). Exchange of various shaped catheters and performance of superselective angiography are also easy with the new method due to the application of a "sheath" catheter.
    There were 61 complications and unwanted events in 50 of the 133 patients. Puncture of the bile duct was the most frequent complication (28 cases, 21.1%). There was one patient who had to be operated on after PTP procedure because of bile leakage into peritoneum, but no hemothorax or death occurred. The locations and angles of bifurcation or junction of the portal vein and its tributaries were also studied in the portograms. Portosplenic junction was mostly positioned to the right of the Th12 or L1 vertebral body and its angle was about 120°. The left gastric vein and inferior mesenteric vein were positioned near the portosplenic junction in 80% of the cases. From these data, it was concluded that a new method is superior to the old one in terms of safety, technical easiness and success rate, and that to know the location and angle of junction of the portal vein and its tributaries is important in selective catheterization for the study of portal hemodynamics and blood sampling.
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  • Percutaneous transhepatic portography
    VI. Extrahepatic porta-systemic shunt and its clinical significancc in portal hypertension
    Motohide TAKASHI, Kenichi TAKAYASU, Hirofumi KOEN, Hirotaka MUSHA, Kaz ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 857-865
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.857
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    Portograms obtained by percutaneous transhepatic portography in 83 patients with various degrees of portal hypertension were analyzed to study the anatomical changes and their functional significance. There were 11 types of porta-systemic shunts. No characteristic patterns of porta-systemic shunts were recognized in any disease. The degree of porta-systemic communication was divided into 5 grades based on portograms (Grade classification). No correlation was found between the grade and portal pressure. The incidences of ascites and hematemesis were high in high grade groups. Frequency of encephalopathy was not correlated with the grade of porta-systemic communication. None of the routine laboratory studies (serum albumine, ammonia, bilirubin, prothrombin time, ICG retention) could predict the presence of the porta-systemic shunt. Extrahepatic shunt index measured by radioactive macroaggregated albumin was useful in assessing the degree of porta-systemic shunt.
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  • Electrophoretic fractionation of serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in human hepatic cancer
    Junnosuke KOJIMA, Masako KANATANI, Nobuto NAKAMURA, Tohru KASHIWAGI, M ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 866-871
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.866
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    Serum γ-glutimyl transpeptidase obtained from patients with various hepatobiliary diseases was fractionated by polyacrylamide gradient gel slab electrophoresis to study the specific patterns of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase fractions in hepatic cancer.
    On zymograms of normal serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, total of 10 fractions were observed. These fractions were designated I to X from the anode. Extra three fractions (I′, I″ and II′) were also recognized in the sera from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Among those extra fractions, fraction I′ which showed slightly but significantly slower moving than fraction I was the most specific and found in about 55% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Fractions I″ and II′ were also relatively specific and each of them was observed in about 34% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Fractions V to IX were not observed in many cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. Fraction I′ is thought to be an isozyme being specific to serum of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Both I″ and II′ were also thought to be hepatoma-related fractions of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. They may be therefore useful for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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  • Studies on major resection of the liver with obstructive jaundice in dogs
    Taketoshi YAMAWAKI
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 872-882
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.872
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    The purposc of this study was to investigate the resectability and functional changes of the liver with obstructive jaundice in dogs. 40% or 70% hepatectomy was performed with biliary decompression one, two or three weeks after ligation of the distal common bile duct and cholecystectomy. 40% of the liver with obstructive jaundice was resectable with biliary decompression two weeks after ligation and 70% hepatectomy with biliary decompression might be tolerated one week after induction of obstructive jaundice.
    When serum albumin level is below 2.0g/dl before hepatectomy, three of 5 dogs (60%) died after 40% hepatectomy with biliary decompression and all of 5 dogs died after 70% hepatectomy.
    The regeneration rate four weeks after hepatectomy was higher in the liver with obstructive jaundice than in normal liver.
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  • An autopsy case of so called "inspissated bile syndrome" caused by intracranial hemorrhage
    Shunji MURAOKA, Fumihiko ABE, Nishio NAKAMURA, Yukio SAKIYAMA, Shinobu ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 883-889
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: March 08, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.883
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    A 49 days-old male infant died of intracranial hemorrhage including both subdural and intracerebral hemorrhage three weeks after admission to the hospital.
    At the autopsy, the liver was enlarged and its cut surface showed centrilobular greenish discoloration.
    Microscopically, we observed centrilobular cholestasis and many multinucleated giant cells in intermediary and peripheral zone of liver lobules.
    From these findings, we considered the following possibility:
    The excess production of bilirubin, due to marked hemolysis after intracranial hemorrhage, disturbed the hepatocytes directly and transformed the hepatocytes into multinucleated giant cells. These transformed giant cells blocked the bile flow through the bile canaliculi.
    Therefore, we concluded that the present case might be regarded as so called "inspissated bile syndrome" caused by intracranial hemorrhage.
    The present report discusses the clinical course and pathogenesis of this syndrome.
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  • A female case of secondary hemochromatosis: Long-term observations on the clinical course
    Akio ABE, Shinichi GOTO, Shinji KUTSUKAKE, Yoshio AIZAWA, Seishi NAGAM ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 890-896
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.890
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    Long-term observations of the clinical course of a female patient who developed secondary hemochromatosis following blood transfusions are reported. The patient is a 44-yr-old woman who was transfused with a large amount of blood (ca. 100 liters) and given a series of radiation therapy over both ovaria at the age of 26-yr-old because of epistaxis and massive genital hemorrhage due to aplastic anemia. A few years later she began to have jornt pain in her fingers. Ten years later a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis with hemosiderosis was made. Development into hemochromatosis was documented by serial biopsies and liver scintigrams. Diabetes mellitus appeared 13 years later and then became resistant to insulin. She died in gastrointestinal bleeding. Histologic examination of the joints revealed hemochromatosis arthropathy. It is thought that these typical hemochromatotic findings were caused by viral hepatitis and iron overload following blood transfusions and amenorrhea due to radiation therapy.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 897
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.897
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 898
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.898
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 899
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.899
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 900
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.900
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 901
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.901
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 902
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.902
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], R.H. Purcell, [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 903
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.903
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 904
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.904
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 905
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.905
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 906
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.906
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 907
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.907
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 908
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.908
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 909
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.909
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    1980 Volume 21 Issue 7 Pages 910-952
    Published: July 25, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.21.910
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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