Kanzo

Morphogenesis of vacuolation of the liver cell

Akira TAKANO

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1645-1653
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1645

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Vacuolation of the liver cell was produced in rats by elevation of sinusoidal blood pressure caused by constriction of the inferior vena cava below the diaphragm. A large number of vacuoles developed in the hepatic cell within five minites. The electron microscopy revealed many saccular invaginations of plasma membrane of the sinusoidal surface of liver cells. Limiting membrane of vacuoles was continious to the plasma membrane, and had identical enzymological activities with the plasma membrane of liver cell at the initial stage. Vacuoles contained blood plasma and, oc-casionally, erythrocytes and platelets. The horseraddish peroxidase injected intravenously was present in the vacuole. It was concluded that vacuoles of the liver cell were formed by invagination of plasma membrane resulted from a rapid elevation of sinusoidal blood pressure. It was thought that vacuolation of liver cell was an extremely exaggerated endocytosis.

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Simultaneous Infection with Hepatitis A Virus and Hepatitis B Virus

Michio SATA, Paul R. Beninger, Hiroshi SETOYAMA, Shyotaro SAKISAKA, Ha ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1654-1661
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1654

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We report 17 serologically confirmed cases of simultaneous infection with Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Fifteen proved to be chronic carriers of HBsAg and two demonstrated only a transient elevation of HBV serological markers.
The mean peak SGPT and mean duration of abnormal liver function tests in patients with simultaneous infection indicate that a more severe and more prolonged course results in these patients than in patients with only HAV infections. Further, IgM anti-HAV titers were con-comitantly higher in patients with simultaneous infection.
The time course of HBV serological markers showed no single pattern in patients with simultaneous infection. However, we did not observe any of the chronic carriers to seroconvert HBsAg positive to negative, or HBeAg positive to anti-HBe positive.
Liver biopsies taken from two patients with simultaneous infection demonstrated submassive necrosis and zonal necrosis, patterns more severe than commonly seen in patients with only HAV hepatitis.

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Changes of HBeAg and anti-HBe detected by radioimmunoassay in HBsAg-positive patients with chronic liver disease: Correlations with DNA polymerase activity and Dane particles

Motowo MIZUNO, Gotaro YAMADA, Yuzi SAKAMOTO, Takashi NISHIHARA, Hideo ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1662-1669
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1662

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Ninety-five serum specimens of 25 HBsAg-positive patients with chronic liver disease were analyzed for HBeAg/anti-HBe by radioimmunoassay, DNA polymerase activity (DNA-P) and Dane particles. DNA-P in HBeAg-positive group was significantly higher than that in anti-HBe-positive group but about 1/3 of HBeAg-positive samples showed low DNA-P. Ten cases of chronic aggressive hepatitis were observed along acute exacerbation and in 3 of 4 cases continuously with HBeAg, DNA-P and Dane particles maintained high level, whereas 1 of the 4 they were always low. Of 4 cases with seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe, in 3 cases DNA-P and Dane particles elevated correlatively with titers of HBeAg and serum transaminase but in 1 they remained low level. In 2 cases anti-HBe was mainly detected during the course and 2 samples at acute exacerbation showed high DNA-P and many Dane particles although they were positive for anti-HBe.

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The production of interferon by peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with HBsAg positive liver diseases

Hikohito NAKAGAWA

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1670-1677
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1670

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To elucidate the interferon (IF) system of the patients with HBsAg positive liver diseases, I measured the production of IF by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and serum IF level. The amounts of IF produced by Sendai virus stimulated PBL were 1678±770IU/ml in Carrier, 548±236IU/ml in CAH, 526±253IU/ml in LC, and 1354±483IU/ml in controls. Therefore, it seemed that Carrier was able to produce IF as well as controls, but, the capacity of IF production decreased in both CAH and LC. Furthermore, SGPT and BSP retention levels tended to be higher in patients whose capacity of production of IF decreased. On the other hand, serum IF could not be detected in either patients or controls.
These results indicate that decreased IF production may be implicated with the chronicity and activity of hepatitis B virus infection.

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Clinical Studies on an Outbreak of Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis at Okitsu

and Ojima areas in Shimizu City in Japan

Masayoshi YAMAUCHI, Nobuaki ONIZAWA, Kiyoshi FUJISAWA, Haruo KAMEDA, K ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1678-1684
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1678

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An outbreak of acute hepatitis at Okitsu and Ojima areas in Shimizu City was studied clinically, and 82 cases were diagnosed as non-A, non-B hepatitis immunoserologically.
Among the laboratory data, the percentage of anicteric cases was 38.3%, the peak value of GOT was 868±430, GPT 978±538 Karmen units, and biliary enzymes in serum such as ALP, LAP, and GGTP were elevated moderately, while serum bilirubin level was 4.0±3.5mg/dl, TTT and IgM were within normal limits.
In the follow-up studies for more than 6 months after the onset, 28 in 49 cases showed per-petuation of abnormal serum transaminase up to the present.
This outbreak of non-A, non-B hepatitis diagnosed immunoserologically is the first report in Japan.

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Clinical Study of Acute Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis in Shimizu-city

Katsuo UCHIUMI, Toyotaro TAKASO, Josuke KANEDA, Shosuke IWAMA, Osamu Y ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1685-1692
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1685

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We have noted frequent occurrence of sporadic HBsAg negative acute hepatitis in Okitsu area of Shimizu-city since 1977. Most patients came from Okitsu area in 1977, whereas in 1980 there was a tendency that more patients were coming from adjaceht areas. Detailed serological study of 34 out of 49 patients with HBsAg seronegative acute hepatitis in 1980 revealed 8 type A, and 26 non-A, non-B hepatitis cases. All patients from Okitsu area were non-A, non-B type and all 8 patients with type A hepatitis were from other parts of the city. Therefore, acute non-A, non-B hepatitis frequently occurred in Okitsu area of Shimizu-city and showed high frequency of Chronicity. Serum tran-samines of these patients showed relatively low peak levels and often showed fluctuation in acute phase. Unlike reported epidemics of non-A, non-B acute hepatitis in India and Costa Rica, acute non-A, non-B hepatitis in Shimizu-city resembles that of post-transfusion hepatitis with high chronicity rate.

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Massive dose estrogen induced liver damage similar to alcoholic hepatitis ("nonalcoholic steatohepatitis")

Kouichi SEKI, Yuzo MINAMI, Masahiro NISHIKAWA, Sumio KAWATA, Shio MIYO ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1693-1700
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1693

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Effects of massive dose estrogen on the liver were studied by laparoscopy and light and electron microscopy in six patients with prostatic cancer. All patients had been castrated and treated with massive doses of estrogen for a long period. During the treatment, liver enlargement with tenderness and marked elevation of serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase level were noticed. Liver surface revealed a granular to micronodular pattern and liver biopsy specimens showed fatty infiltration and ballooning of hepatocytes, neutrophilic infiltration in the parenchyma and pericellular fibrosis in pericentral areas. In addition, Mallory's alcoholic hyalin like eosinophylic material was observed in two cases. Electron microscopy revealed hypertrophy and vesiculation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes. Recently, histological findings very similar to alcoholic hepatitis were reported in non alcoholic patients and the term "nonalcoholic steatohepatitis" was coined by Ludiwig et al. It is concluded that massive dose estrogen may be one of the drugs which induce "nonalcoholic steatohepatitis".

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Abnormaly basic proteins in liver diseases

Yukihiro ABE, Kouichi NAGATA, Mikiyo ISHII, Terukatsu ARIMA, Hideo NAG ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1701-1707
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1701

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The serum proteins abnormaly migrated to the negative zone in comparison with normal sera were observed in electrophoresis. We studied these abnormaly basic proteins.
1) In 152 of 8400 subjects the serum proteins were significantly migrated to the negative zone in electrophoresis.
2) According to immunoelectrophoresis of the serum proteins these abnormaly basic proteins were IgG. These proteins were absorbed by Protein A, and so we supposed subclass of these proteins was not IgG₃.
3) Investigation on neuraminidase treatment revealed that these abnormaly basic proteins were not formed by release of sialic acid from carbohydrate units of IgG.
4) Many patients with these proteins had liver diseases (37 of 59 patients, 62.7%). And many of these patients with liver diseases had HBsAg (29 of 37 patients, 78.4%).
5) In some cases with chronic hepatitis these proteins were found to increase and decrease in parallel with disease activity.

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Study on epoxide hydrolase in hepatocarcinogenesis

Purificationand immunochemical analysis

Kenichi NODA, Keijiro ANDO, Yoshinori NUMA, Wakako TSUBOTA, Takaro ESA ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1708-1713
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1708

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Rat microsomal epoxide hydrolase, which occupies the important role in drug metabolizing system in liver, was purified by the modified Lu et al. s method. According to our purification, epoxide hydrolase had 440 unit/mg protein (specific activity) and a single poly peptide band in SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Rabbit anti rat microsomal epoxide hydrolase serum exhibited a single immuno precipitation line formation against human liver microsomal fraction, which partially coincided with the purified rat microsomal epoxide hydrolase.

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Clinico-pathological observation of the minute liver cancer and the new method of hepatectomy

Analysis of 27 resected cases

Susumu YAMASAKI, Hiroshi HASEGAWA, Masatoshi MAKUUCHI

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1714-1724
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1714

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Resected 27 cases of the minute liver cancer with less than 5cm in diameter were analysed. The liver cirrhosis was combined in 24 cases, Periodic image diagnosis is recommended in cirrhotic patients even with low level of AFP.
The pseudocapsule fbrmation was observed in 93% of cases, intracapsular invasion in 15% and extracapsular in 30%. The vascular invasion was detected in 74%, however, the correlation between the size of the tumor and presence or absence of vascular invasion was not observed. Because high incidence of vascular invasion and frequent liver cirrhosis is the most important problem in surgery, the new method of resection, selective removal of the limited tumor bearing area which is defined by the vascular structure, designated "systematic sub-segmentectomy" was originated and employed using operative ultrasonography. The result of operation was improved by this procedure and by prophylactic use of large dose of Aprotinin.

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Two cases of Caroli's disease, simple type diagnosed preoperatively

by PTC in Iwakuni National Hospital

Shu MIYAKE, Hiroshi KOHONO, Masatoshi UEDA, Kimiaki ONOUE, Masahiro WA ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1725-1730
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1725

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Two cases of Caroli's disease are discussed. Case I was 30 year-old male, who visited our hospital with chief complaints of epigastralgia, general malaise and abdominal fullness. Case 2, 41 year-old male, visited with chief complaints of epigastralgia, fever, chills and vomiting. Caroli's disease became to be recently diagnosed by such newer techniques as ERCP and PTC, and our both cases were also diagnosed by PTC. This disease is rare with 128 reports in foreign countries and 13 cases in Japan. Both cases were operated on in the purpose of Close examination and treatment, liver biopsy being performed in case l. Both cases were finally diagnosed as Caroli's disease, simple type.
There are no definite treatment toward this disease. At first, antibiotics institution will be considered. If that measure fail, PTCD or operation will be considered. T-tube drainage with specific antibiotics or institutions of drugs or hormones which make the bile flow better will be one of the choices. If we see the patients with repeated biliary infections or portal hypertension of unknown etiology, this disease must be put into considerations as one of the choices.

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Acase of sarcoidosis with interesting findings

of interlobular bile ducts

Takayuki ARAI, Shoji YAMADA, Hiroshi SHIMOJO, Kazumi NAGASAKA, Takeaki ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1731-1736
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1731

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A case of sarcoidosis having granulomas associated with changes of interlobular bile ducts in the liver was presented.
The patient was a 16-year-old girl. She was diagnosed as occular Sarcoidosis. Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and granular shadows were seen on chest roentogenograms. Diffusing capacity was impaired in pulmonary function tests. Liver function tests showed mild elevation in GPT, LDH, γ-GTP and LAP.
LiVer biopsy specimens showed not only a number of epithelioid-cell granulomas, but rupture of an interlobular bile duct.In the infiltrate, however, no lymphocytes and plasma cells were observed. These were different findings from PBC.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1737
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1737

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1738
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1738

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1739
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1739

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1740
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1740

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1741
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1741

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1742
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1742

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1743
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1743

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1744
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1744

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[title in Japanese]

1981 Volume 22 Issue 12 Pages 1745-1769
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 09, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.22.1745

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