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Kazuo ABIKO, Yasumichi NISHI
1979 Volume 21 Pages
1-2
Published: March 31, 1979
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Southern blight of garlic caused by
Corticium rolfsii has been observed in the experimental field of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Research Station in Mie Prefecture since 1976. This report is the first record of the occurrence of this disease in Honshu of Japan.
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Kenji TANAKA
1979 Volume 21 Pages
3-7
Published: March 31, 1979
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The brown winged green bug,
Plautia crossata stali SCOTT, has recently became a serious orchard pest in the western Japan. To clarify its main host plants, number of annual generations and hibernacula, field observations were carried out in the middle part of Mie Prefecture from June, 1976 to April, 1977. Results obtained are summarized as follows:
1) The nymphs feed mainly on fruits of hinoki cypress and japan ceder throughout all the developmental stage.
2) In the locality, this species is bivoltine. Adults of the first generation emerge during the period from middle July to early August, and of the second generation from late August to middle September. The latter disperse from the hinoki cypress from late September to middle October. In this period, a number of adults were observed on the orange and the coral trees. It is suggested that they immigrated from the hinoki cypress to these plants before hibernation.
3) Hibernating adults are found in the crowns of evergreen trees, beneath the fallen leaves and the chips of woods, and in the crevices of dried rotten woods. It is suggested that the adults immigrated into these hibernacula from late September to middle November overwinter at there until middle April to migrate to the hinoki cypress.
4) The developmental zero point and total effective temperature for one generation obtained under laboratory conditions are 13.8°C and 550 day-degrees, respectively.
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Hideo YAMADA
1979 Volume 21 Pages
8-11
Published: March 31, 1979
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The perilla leaf roller,
Pyrausta phoenicealis HüBNER, is one of the injurious pests of perilla,
Perilla ocymoides L. in Japan. The present paper deals with its developmental biology in relation to temperature and photoperiod and seasonal prevalence.
The larvae feeding on perilla leaves pass through four instars. The larval duration is about 2 weeks at 23°C. Threshold temperatures of development for the egg, larva and pupa were calculated as 10.9, 12.7 and 12.9°C, respectively, and effective thermal totals as 51, 156 and 89 day-degrees, respectively. Preovipositional period of the female moths is 3 days at 23°C. It is supposed, therefore, threshold temperatures and effective thermal totals for the successive developments during one generation are approximately 12°C and 328 day-degrees, respectively.
When they are reared from egg stage under short-day conditions, the larvae enter to diapause at the 4th stadium. The critical day-length for the induction of diapause is assumed as 13 to 14 hrs. The female moths survive for about 10 days and lay average 180 eggs at 23°C.
On the basis of these observations. it is suggested that the 4th instar larvae of the perilla leaf rollers hibernate in a state of diapause, and they have 3 or 4 generations a year in Taai region, central part of Japan.
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Yoshinori NAKANISHI
1979 Volume 21 Pages
12-20
Published: March 31, 1979
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This paper dealt with the host range of the potato rot nematode,
Ditylenchus destructor, and its control.
1. In the developing period of the bulbous iris, the characteristic symptom on the plant above groundlevel was not observed. While some of bulbs showed a distinct symptom, but some not so. From the appearance, therefore, it is impossible to know whether it is infested or not.
2. Eighteen species of plants,
Anemone coronaria, Allium tuberosum, Brassica campestris, B. chinensis, B. oleracea, Capsicum annuum, Centaurea cyanus, Cosmos bipinnatus, Chrysanthemum moritolium, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita moschata, Cyclamen persicum, Lactuca sativa var. capitata, Lycopersicon esculentum, Raphanus saticus var. radicula, Spiranthes sinensis, Triticum aestivum, Vigna sinensis are added as new hosts.
3. To control bulbs, the water treatment with 0.5% formaline is more effective than the dipping method with pesticide. Hot water treatment, however, often injures the bulbs by mistaking heat control. Moreover, this method cannot treat a great number of bulbs at a time.
4. Dry heat treatment (53°C, 3 hrs) by using the ventilating dryer has also a good effect on its control. But this treatment is not perfect against the nematode. The grain dryer which is provided by every farmers is not effective at all because it is unable to rise at temperature 53°C.
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Flight phenomena of the cupreous charfer, Anomala cuprea HOPE
Masayoshi YOSHIDA, Toru MATSUBARA, Hidetoshi HARADA
1979 Volume 21 Pages
21-27
Published: March 31, 1979
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Because the adult insects of the cupreous charfer do not ingest the stalks or leaves of sweet potatoes or peanuts which are the food of the larvae, it is difficult to increase their density if the adult insects do not move from their fields of birth to an area having food for imagoes.
The activity of the adult insects is closely related to the level of plant injury, so the authors observed the flight phenomena. The number of wing vibrations during flight were observed with a stroboscope by attaching a small piece of wire to the back of the adult insect chest, fixing the upper part of the wire, and recording the flight time.
1. The adult insects were released and after they flew for some time they dropped some dung. The longest flight by an individual was 36 minutes.
2. The authors observed that the forewings opened from the upper part of the body without touching the bended forelegs and midlegs. The vertical angle of movement of the forewings was 20° to 30°.
3. The hindwings were more active, with the right and left wings nearly touching. The hindwings vibrated at an inclination of about 150° to 160° to the back of the forewings.
4. The flight varied somewhat; however, number of vibrations recorded was between 68 to 82/sec. The value immediately before stopping was 68/sec.
5. Adult insects could be reared with the wire attached. The effect of attaching the wire was not observed.
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
28-31
Published: March 31, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
32
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
33
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
34
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
35
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
36
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
37
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
38
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
39
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
40
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
41
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
42
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
43
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
44
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
45
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
46
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
47
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
48
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
49
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
50
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
51
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
52
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
53
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
54
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
55
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 21 Pages
56
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
57
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
58
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
59
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
60
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
61
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
62
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
63
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
64
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
65
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
66-67
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
68-72
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
73-78
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
79-84
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
85-88
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1979 Volume 21 Pages
89-92
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