Annual Report of The Kansai Plant Protection Society

Intestine sections and fecal deposits of Riptortus pedestris adults collected at soybean field in Kyotambacho, Kyoto, Japan, were surveyed in this study. E. coryli ascospores and vegetative cells and Eremothecium ashbyi ascospores were surveyed in the intestine and the fecal deposits. It was found that E. coryli vegetative cells were budding and increasing and E. ashbyi ascospores were germinating and extending mycelia by Dalmau plate culture on SNA+CC. However, no E. coryli ascospores germinated. These results indicated that E. ashbyi ascospores and E. coryli vegetative cells remain viable in the intestine and after passing through the alimentary canal.

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Females and hatched nymphs of the brown-winged green bug, Plautia crossota stali Scott, were reared on slightly or heavily damaged cone (SDC or HDC) of Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl., evaluated by the number of stylet sheaths. The number of eggs laid per female were 114.3 on SDC and 18.9 on HDC. The nymphs reared on HDC showed lower survivorship rate of nymph due to rapid drop during the 5th nymphal stage and smaller body size of newly emerged adult in terms of the width of pronotum than those reared on SDC. These results suggest that the poor food condition suppressed bug reproduction.

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We studied the influences of drifts of spray of pesticide applications in the greenhouse. The test chemical (Buprofezin and Fenpyroximate mixture) were applied to a portion of sweet peppers crops (Capsicum annum, “Fushimi Amanaga Tougarashi”) in an experimental greenhouse. Sampling was carried out one day after the 3-times application of the pesticides with one week interval. The results show pesticide residues were found in all samples containing untreated area in the greenhouse. The clear correlationship was observed between the residue and the distance from the applied area.

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The effect on control of Physalophora canker on shoots of Japanese pear by shaving to remove fungal warts or the applica-tion of fungicides was investigated in a long-term field experiment during 1991-1996. In 1991, diseased shoots each with 60 warts of Physalospora canker were placed on healthy trees 2 years old growing outdoors without the application of fungicides during March-November. As a result of this inoculation, shoots of the current year, which grew from 1991 onwards, displayed many warts from the first year after inoculation, and 2-year old shoots displayed many warts from the second year after inoculation. The diseased warts were shaved off in December every year during 1991-1996, while fungicide treatments were sprayed 13 times every growing season from 1992 to 1994. However, no fungicides at all were applied during 1995-1996. Shaving off warts reduced the occur-rence of warts the following year by half, but warts occurred for at least 5 years after the initial removal was carried out. However the application of fungicides that were effective against Physalospora canker, at 13 sprays a year, completely stopped the occurrence of warts on every shoot. The current year's growth in 1995 and 1996 displayed few warts. Shoots that were 2-4 years old, in which the lignification was finished, showed few warts from the second year after spraying had stopped. From these results, it was concluded that the application of fungicides that were effective against Physalospora canker, with 13 sprays a year a season, had a protective effect not only for current shoots, but also for shoots in which lignification had finished. And it would be more effective to paint a thiophanate-methyl paste onto the surface of the injured parts after shaving warts from shoots in which lignification had finished.

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