Annual Report of The Kansai Plant Protection Society
Online ISSN : 1883-6291
Print ISSN : 0387-1002
ISSN-L : 0387-1002
Volume 55
Displaying 1-33 of 33 articles from this issue
Original Articles
  • Katsuyuki Kohno, Hiroyuki Iida
    2013 Volume 55 Pages 3-6
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 01, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The trends of population census data of the wolf spider, Pardosa astrigera L. Koch, in cabbage fields were compared between two methods of the census: pitfall trapping and visual searching. Although there were usually no significant correlations between the data obtained either method, the number of spiders captured by pitfall trapping per trap each week and the number of spiders observed by visually searching per five meters of two cabbage rows had roughly equivalent average values through out the census period. Therefore, when estimating whether the population of spiders in cabbage fields is above a certain level, the average values of each population census method throughout the census period were comparable to each other to a certain degree.
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  • Takeo Imura
    2013 Volume 55 Pages 7-11
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 01, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To construct a conservation biological control program for open field eggplant production, the effects of fenpyroxymate-buprofezin, indoxacarb MP, pyrifluquinazon, and permethrin on the twenty-eight-spotted ladybird (TESL) and Orius spp. were investigated in an eggplant field. Control effects of the four insecticides on TESL were detected at a high level. Indoxacarb MP had no effect on Orius spp. Fenpyroxymate-buprofezin affected Orius spp. about 2 weeks after treatment. Pyrifluquinazon affected Orius spp. 3 days after treatment, but the effective period was less than 1 week. Permethrin affected Orius spp. for more than 2 weeks.
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  • Manabu Shibao, Satoshi Yamanaka, Hiroshi Tanaka
    2013 Volume 55 Pages 13-16
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 01, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effect of a granule formulation of an entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae on melon thrip, Thrips palmi, legume leafminer, Liriomyza sativae and the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci populations was investigated on greenhouse cucumber. In the treated plot, 5 kg of M. anisopliae granules per 10 a were applied to the ground on 7 September 2012. The population density of the thrips and the number of leafminer mines were lower in the treated plot than in the control plot, and the whitefly population density was similar in both plots. It suggests that the population densities of pest species that pupate in the soil can be controlled by M. anisopliae granules.
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  • Shin’ichi Kusakari, Nobuo Achiwa, Kazuhiro Abe, Kiyotsugu Okada
    2013 Volume 55 Pages 17-21
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 01, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The control effect of acidic electrolyzed water (AEW) on gray mold of strawberry and anthracnose of cucumber was eveluated in field conditions. The AEW contained 40 ppm of free-chorine with pH 2.7, ORP 1100 mV. The germination of fungal spores such as for Pyricularia grisea, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum orbiculare, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, and Pythium aphanidermatum were significantly prevented by the one minute AEW treatment. The dilution of AEW with DW at a ratio of 1:2.5 preserved inhibition of spores of B. cinerea and C. orbiculare. The efficacy of AEW as a foliar spray to suppress anthracnose of cucumber by C. orbiculare and gray mold of strawberry by B. cinerea was determined in field conditions. A total of 4 applications of AEW with 7 and 8 days intervals inhibited gray mold of strawberry. The disease incidence increased 11 days after the final application of AEW to the same level as the control treatment. Anthracnose of cucumber by C. orbiculare was also inhibited by 3 AEW application at 7 days intervals. No physiological damage from the AEW application appeared on cucumber plants or strawberry in this study.
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  • Hisayoshi Miyagawa, Minoru Yamauchi, Hiroyoshi Inoue
    2013 Volume 55 Pages 23-30
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 01, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Coating rice seeds with a reduced iron powder is a newly developed method for labor-saving cultivation of rice and direct seeding in flooded paddy fields. Rice seeds inoculated with Burkholderia glumae, B. plantarii, and Gibberella fujikuroi were coated using iron powder of a coarse particle size at a ratio of 0.5 (w/w), which does not conflict with the Japanese law (Fire Service Act). After this, the iron-coated seeds were rusted by spraying them with water and drying. The rusting and drying processes were completed within 2 days by using a mass production machine that was used to iron-coat the rice seeds. When these seeds were sowed in nursery soil directly or after soaking, the 3 diseases caused by the above-mentioned 3 organisms rarely occured, and the protective value ranged from 98 to 100. In addition, “bakanae” disease did not occur after direct sowing in a small container containing flooded paddy soil. Additionally, the disease control effect of using iron-coated seeds was confirmed in practical tests. Because the seed temperature was maintained at less than 36°C in the mass production machine during rusting and drying, the disease control effect was not considered to be because of heat released by the oxidation reaction of iron powder.
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  • Liying Liu, Pinkuan Zhu, Yiwen Wang, Lingqing Wu, Chenghua Zhang, Ling ...
    2013 Volume 55 Pages 31-35
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 01, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Garlic sprouts in Shanghai markets frequently suffer from bract rot attached with white molds and brown rot in stem. Isolation and pathogenic identification of the pathogen were conducted according to the Koch's Rule, and the major pathogen named EXGL-19 was identified as Botrytis squamosa J.C. Walker via morphological characters and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence of the ribosomal DNA. The young aerial mycelium of EXGL-19 was white, and then turned to grey after maturation. This fungus could grow on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at the temperatures that ranged from 0-30°C, with the optimum at 15-20°C. Microconidia could form after 16 days of culture at 20°C, while macroconidia only formed after 60 days of culture at 0°C. The pathogen can significantly promote the ethylene release of the garlic sprouts, which accelerated aging of garlic tissue. In summary, these findings provided basic clues for controlling the market disease of garlic sprouts and reducing the losses.
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  • Shinichi Masui, Yusuke Katai, Makoto Yamada, Shinichi Aoki, Takafumi S ...
    2013 Volume 55 Pages 37-41
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 01, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We examined the impact of artificial UV-B radiation control of the spider mite Tetranychus ludeni on the growth of melon plants. The mite densities on greenhouse melon plants were well controlled by the combination of 2.16-4.32 kJ m-2 UV-B radiation at night and a reflective sheet mulch. The leaf area of melon plants in the plot receiving 2.16 kJ m-2 UV-B radiation in combination with a reflective sheet mulch did not differ from that in the control plot, whereas leaf area was significantly reduced in the 4.32 kJ m-2 UV-B radiation plot. On the basis of these results, we suggest there is potential for controlling spider mites by UV-B radiation of greenhouse melon. In order to devise a suitable control system, further studies will be necessary to elucidate the optimum radiation conditions.
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  • Shin’ichi Kusakari, Shinnya Morikawa, Takenori Nakayama, Atsuko Tanaka ...
    2013 Volume 55 Pages 43-49
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 01, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    KENI FINE® is a specialty nickel coating technology applicable to various materials. It discharges anti-bacterial species on the contact side by reacting with adsorbed water in air, and showed antibacterial properties. When suspensions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus were placed on the KENI FINE® coated stainless steel, multiplication of these bacterias were inhibit on the KENI FINE® coated stainless steel. The germination of zoospores of Pythium aphanidermatum and micro conidia of Fusarium oxysporum was also inhibited on the KENI FINE® coated stainless steel, but uncoated stainless steel did not inhibit the germination of these fungus spores. These results indicated that KENI FINE® coating changed materials to antibacterial and antifungal materials. KENI FINE powder also inhibited the germination of zoospores of P. aphanidermatum and micro conidia of F. oxysporum. A rock wool cultural mat treated with a water soluble emulsion containing KENI FINE® powder inhibited algae growth on its surface. The suppressive effect of algae on the rock wool surface was reduced depending on the dilution rate of the water soluble emulsion containing KENI FINE® powder. However, decreased dilution of water soluble emulsion containing KENI FINE® inhibited lettuce growth. Lettuce growth was inhibited a little in the more diluted soluble emulsions such as when it was diluted 50 or 100 times. Cholosis did not appear in the more diluted soluble emulsion. KENI FINE® powder also showed antibacterial and anti algae properties.
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  • Tadayoshi Hirano, Hideo Koyasu
    2013 Volume 55 Pages 51-55
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: September 01, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Crocidolomia pavonana (Fabricius) is a serious pest of cruciferus vegetables in South East Asia and recently it has occurred in Aichi Prefecture. The insecticide susceptibility of the pest was evaluated for 25 insecticides at the three developmental stages of egg, third instar larvae, and adult. LC50 values of 20 insecticides on the third instar larvae, which were less than 10 ppm, indicated high susceptibility of the pest to them. The LC50 values of Emamectin and Spinetoram, which were 0.00066 ppm and 0.0060 ppm respectively, were especially small. To compare the LC90 value of each insecticide with its commercially used concentration, the former was much less than the latter for almost all insecticides examined. It seems to indicate the high control effect of these insecticides. Whereas, the susceptibility of the pest in egg or adult to the insecticide was much lower than that of the third instar larvae.
    To compare the insecticide susceptibility of C. pavonana in the third instar larvae stage to 20 insecticides with that of S. litura, the former was much more susceptible than the latter except in the case of Lufenuron. These results indicate that C. pavonana can be easily controlled by using insecticides effective against S. litura.
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