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Volume 2 (1952 - 1953･･･
- Issue 2 Pages 33-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 2, Issue 1
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Koichi TUKAMOTO, Shigeru OUCHI1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 1-3
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEvery summer, spontaneous ignition of celluloid and film is reported in Tokyo. The majority of these cellulose nitrate plastics are thin, colourless and transparent sheets in the advanced stage of decomposition.
Self-ignition of celluloid and film is dependent upon many factors. Atmospheric temperature is one of them. The higher the temperature is, the more decomposition of celluloid and film progresses.
Everyday temperature (highest and lowest) during the months of May, June, July, August, September and atmospheric temperature per hour in 1949, 1950 and 1951 is plotted in figures, According to these figures, when the highest temperature during 48 hours before outbreak of fire are 30°C or more, celluloid is easy to self-ignite and they rises on step by step in whole.View full abstractDownload PDF (258K) -
Keizaburo OKAJIMA, Yorio YAJI, Seishi MATSUOKA1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 4-6
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA wall which is attacked by the blaze and high temperature radiation can be prevented from spreading fire by means of the running water film on the wall. In the case of combustible wooden walls and glass windows, we performed preliminary experiments with a view to finding the relation between flame temperature and minimum amount of water required without burning and breaking them.
The results are as follows :
(1) The smooth surface requires larger amount of water than the rough one according to the degree of its roughness.
(2) About 200cc cm-1 min-1 of running water is required at 900°C of flame temperature.
(3) When the stripes of wooden walls are perpendicular to the direction of running water, less amount of water is required than they are parallel.
(4) When the length of the “Shitamiita” is long the water film density on it rapidly reduces with the increase of the vertical distance from its top. In order to reduce this effect, it is necessary to cut slightly the seam edges of “Shitamiita”.
(5) As to the glass windows, the form of horizontal frame and the degree of its jut from the glass surface have large influence upon the minimum amount of water.View full abstractDownload PDF (321K) -
Tatsuro OKUBO, Hiroshi NISHIHARA, Zyn-iti KITAGAWA1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 7-9
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy excess current over the allowable current-carrying capacity, the insulation of low tension cable will smoke or flame, or its conductor will fuse as the amount of current increases.
After testing the various kinds of insulated single conductor or stranded cable, 1.6 mm diameter by D. C. current, we can get the followings :
(a) Minimum current density necessary for fusing the various kind of insulated cable.
(b) Time-current characteristics for smoking, flaming and fusing of the various kinds of insulated cable, will be shown by the following formulae
logt=A+Blogi
Where i is current in ampere，t is period of its duration in second, and A and B are constant, which are shown by the table for each case.View full abstractDownload PDF (311K) -
Minoru HAMADA1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 10-12
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCoal ash concrete mixed by the following proportions were tested according to the JIS A1302.
Proportions by volume basis.
cement : lime : ash
1 1 9
1 0.15 6
The coal used in this test was ordinary one and contained unburnt coal, which was 11.3% by weight.
The result was obtained as following table.
In general, light weight concrete is more effective for fire protection. But in case of ash concrete owing to the unburnt coal, this general rule does not hold true, and the results with ∗ marks showed that the ash concrete must be thicker than the ordinary concrete.View full abstractDownload PDF (282K) -
Jin-ichi NISHIWAKI, Tsunezo SATO, Heizo SAITO1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 13-15
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn purpose to know the process of the heat transmission through the air layers in the walls, we made the experiment about its transmission velocity. When one side of an air layer was heated suddenly from the natural temperature to the higher, the conductional movement and thermal change of the air in the layer became to the steady state within 1 minute. These results are shown by fig. 1-3. Then we can assume that the heat conduction through the air spaces in the walls which are even in fire is done in a steady state properly for the condition of their both sides temperature. We made another experiment on the thermal conductance of the air spaces in the vertical walls in the various temperature which were made by alminium foils or soft fiber boards. Their results are shown by fig. 4-6.View full abstractDownload PDF (327K) -
Kunio KAWAGOE1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 16-18
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn two model rooms built of steel-plate, “sugi” sticks piled up in parallel crosses were ignited ;
i ) the temperature distributions in each part of the rooms were measured with the thermocouple ; ii ) the discharged flaming gas was taken in the opening, and analyzed with the “Roken” type gas analyzer to find O2 and CO2% basing on which the combustion severity was observed with reference to Diagram 2 ; iii ) and basing on which the rate of combustion was observed with the apparatus shown in Diagram 6.
Assuming that the fire temperature inside the rooms stand at 700°C, and that, where the rate of excess air is 1.0, perfect combustion takes place, and that the coefficient of effectiveness for discharging from jet is 0.7, the result of computation of the combustion rate according to the calculation conform the theory of the ventilation and the combustion is similar to the value obtained from the experiment in the model room.View full abstractDownload PDF (237K) -
Koichi TSUKAMOTO, Michio BABA1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 19-21
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study is designed to furnish data relating to the danger scale of fire for stored goods by clarifying the relation between the cause of fire and stored goods derived from the examples of fire broken out in the storage of goods including warehouse, storeroom, etc.
Cases of fire occurred in Tokyo metropolis in these 3 years numbered 440. Among them, the cases where the stored goods themselves caused directly fire are 23% in the warehouse, and 3% in the storeroom, totalling 8.4% of all. These stored goods are almost chemicals. The cases where the stored goods were of combustible nature or served as a medium of fire were 40% against the total number of case. Straws, lumbers, wastes including paper, odds and ends, etc. shows outstanding figures amongst them.
After all, it may be rightly concluded that we should direct our attention to chemicals in case we consider the danger of stored goods themselves. However, inquiry must be made in reference to the problem of where are the goods stored.View full abstractDownload PDF (277K) -
Takakage SAKURAI, Tomio IZUMI1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 22-24
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fire-retarding effects of the foaming fire-retarding paints are not due to solely the only factor, the physical heat insulating effects of the sponge-like foaming layers, but to the products of the effectiveness of the some factors, which may be considered to govern the fire retarding properties.
Considering the mechanisms of the fire-retarding effects of this paints, which we deduced from the experiments on the paints of (NH4) H2 PO4-C6 H5 NH2H3PO4-Thiourea Melamin Resin System and (NH4) H2PO4-(NH2)2 CO-Paraformaldehyde-Starch System, we enumerated some fire-retarding factors.
And it was concluded that the foaming tendency and the endo-thermic heat decomposition of foaming materials together played the main role.
In addition, the effects of the foaming materials, which penetrated to the wooden system, had not to be looked over.View full abstractDownload PDF (335K) -
Nobukazu SODA1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 25-27
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSpecial fire, occurred by oil or chemicals violently, injury many persons, and damage is too much more than ordinary fire. In this view point, the fire hazard of these flammable liquids that is dealt as accommodations or in manufacturing processes must be thought as special case. This report is trial to express the fire hazard of flammable liquids quantitatively. The number expressing each fire hazard is calculated and each hazard of several flammable liquids is compared by using these numbers.View full abstractDownload PDF (274K) -
Masao OKANOUE1952 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 28-29
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSResults of field investigation of some forest fires in Japan are described :
1) It is known that the one-side burning of trunks of timber stand indicates the direction of the spreading flame or wind there. Making use of this phenomenon for the field investigation of forest fires, it is shown that the suppression at the leeside of the mountain was successful where the topographic or convectional wind direction was opposite to the spreading of the flame.
2) The spreading speed of forest fires are estimated on some cases amounting to about.
3) It is confirmed that the burning barked skin of the trunk of Cryptomeria Japonica leaped and made secondary fires in other places.View full abstractDownload PDF (231K)
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