Bulletin of Japan Association for Fire Science and Engineering
Online ISSN : 1883-5600
Print ISSN : 0546-0794
ISSN-L : 0546-0794
Volume 48, Issue 2
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
Paper
  • (Part II) Axisymmetric Spread of Density Flow Front with Changing Temperature
    Takayuki MATUSHITA, Hiroshi FUKUTANI, Mamoru MATSUMOTO
    1998Volume 48Issue 2 Pages 45-51
    Published: 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purpose of this paper is to describe a mathematical model for the prediction of horizontal axisymmetric spread of smoke front under ceiling. In part II, the result of Part I for the prediction of velocity on smoke front is used, and the conservation of heat and mass in overall smoke layer is considered, then the change of the average temperature of smoke layer is considered. The prediction of a mathematical model in region -II and -III is compared with model experiments using thermal smoke flow.
    The calculation results of the front location of smoke flow agree well with the experimental results with changing temperature. Therefore a mathematical model of axisymmetric smoke spread with changing temperature by use of the average temperature is usable to predict the front location of smoke flow.
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  • Kazunori HARADA, Hideaki MASUDA, Masashi YOSHIDA, Takeshi MOTEGI, Masa ...
    1998Volume 48Issue 2 Pages 53-61
    Published: 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To discuss the possibility to furnace harmonization, heat transfer in fire resistance furnaces was investigated experimentally. A standard calibration plate element (sandwich panel) was put in two different furnaces. One is lined with ceramic fiber, the other is lined with brick. The furnace temperature was controlled by three different thermocouples, i. e., sheath, steel tube and plate thermocouple. As a result of this series of experiments, six temperature measurements and heat flux measurements were obtained and discussed. In summary, (1) the heat impact on specimen is greatly influenced by thermocouple geometry. By using plate or tube thermocouples, the heat flux to the specimen is greatly increased in the beginning of fire test. (2) In case of specimens with small thermal inertia, plate and tube thermocouple control gives similar heat impact on the specimen. The difference between brick wall furnace and ceramic lined furnace is negligible. However the sheath thermocouple control gives much smaller impact on the specimen compared with tube and plate thermocouple control. (3) In case of specimens with large thermal inertia, tube thermocouple control gives the largest impact on the specimen, even compared with plate thermocouple control.
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  • Yoshiro NAMBA, Kenjiro YASUNO
    1998Volume 48Issue 2 Pages 63-71
    Published: 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Many urban areas and people were reduced to ashes at the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster. And many problems of crisis control, the fire fighting organization and so forth at the time of an earthquake were left to us. On the other hand, about 60,000 fires break out and about 2,000 persons are killed per a year even in daily fires, as a common knowledge in Japan. We have examined the comparatively recent detailed data of daily fires in some cities since about 20 years before and also the large-scale fire at the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster. And we have proposed the fire spread model by a logistic curve. The fire fighting and also the spread-and-stop condition are considered in this fire model. We showed the model that is able to express the fire spread situation with burn-out area. By using this fire model, therefore, we examined the fire risk that is usual of urban area in this paper. Furthermore we have showed that we are able to examine the location of the fire station by using our site planning model. This model has been formulated by the multi-objective integer programming method.
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