Fossils
Online ISSN : 2424-2632
Print ISSN : 0022-9202
ISSN-L : 0022-9202
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Volume 84
Displaying 1-36 of 36 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    2008 Volume 84 Pages Cover1-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_Cover1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages App1-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_App1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages App2-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_App2
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  • Trace fossils of the Djadokhta Formation in the Tugrikin-Shireh, South Mongolia
    Mototaka Saneyoshi, Mahito Watabe
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 1-2
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 3-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 4-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_4
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  • Earliest Cambrian fossil embryos and their fossilization processes and paleoceanographic background
    Yoko Kunimitsu, Akihiro Kano, Kinya Yasui, Degan Shu, Jian Han, Hong H ...
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 5-17
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_5
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    Paleontological, petrological and geochemical studies from the Kuanchuanpu Formation in southern Shaanxi Province, strata known for the earliest Cambrian animal embryos, revealed the paleoceanographic settings and processes permineraling an exceptionally rich fauna. Lack of highenergy sedimentary structures and presence of fossilized photosynthetic microbes indicated that a calm and shallow depositional environment was developed on the northern marginal Yangtze platform. The upward-decreasing trend of reductive elements (Mn and Fe) in carbonate fraction indicated a gradual transition to oxic conditions, which allowed animals to inhabit during the deposition of the upper Kuanchuanpu Formation. The animal embryos and small shelly fossils were permineralized by apatite due to intensified upwelling that rose the concentration of phosphates in the bottom water. The intensified upwelling was probably responsible for the upward-decreasing trend of the carbonate δ^<13>C values. The permineralization selectively proceeded in the organic lipid membranes that were resistant against decomposition. The lowered pH, locally developed by bacterial activities inside the embryos was another potential factor for the precipitation of apatite.
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  • Geology of the Upper Cretaceous Himenoura Group in the western part of Amakusa-shimojima Island, Kumamoto, Kyushu, Japan
    Hiroyuki Yamaguchi, Toshifumi Komatsu, Michitaka Sato, Shiro Hasegawa, ...
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 18-36
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_18
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    The Upper Cretaceous Himenoura Group is composed of non-marine to marine fossiliferous clastic deposits, and is widely exposed on Shimojima, Amakusa Islands, western Kyushu, Japan. The Himenoura Group in this area is divided into the Hamasato, Yokohama, Ikusagaura, and Sakitsu Formations in ascending order. These formations are newly defined on the basis of the present study, and the Ikusagaura Formation is subdivided into the Kurosezaki Sandstone and Mudstone, Kotakahama Conglomerate and Sandstone, and Shimo Sandstone and Mudstone Members. The Hamasato and Yokohama Formations consist mainly of mudstone, sandstone, and gravelly sandstone containing abundant shallow marine and brackish-water molluscan fossils. The Ikusagaura and Sakitsu Formations are composed of alternating beds of sandstone and mudstone, thick sandstone, and conglomerate. The Ikusagaura Formation yields abundant brackish-water bivalves. The Sakitsu Formation is dominated by coarse sediment, and rarely contains marine bivalves. The Himenoura Group yielded over 26 bivalve species belonging to 21 genera. The brackish-water bivalves are characterized by Crassostrea, Corbula, Mesochione, and Leptosolen, and the shallow marine bivalves consist of well-preserved Glycymeris, Loxo, Apiotrigonia, Inoceramus, and Sphenoceramus. The geological age of the group is determined from age-diagnostic inoceramid species. The Hamasato Formation contains Sphenoceramus orientalis (Sokolow) and S. nagaoi (Matsumoto and Ueda), indicating lower Campanian depostion, while S. schmidti (Michael) and S. sachalinensis (Sokolow) are found together in the upper parts of the Yokohama Formation, indicating middle Campanian deposition. The Ikusagaura Formation yields the brackish-water bivalve Mesochione trigonalis, corresponding to the middle to upper Campanian (-Maastrichtian?).
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  • Miocene floras in the Daigo area, Ibaraki Prefecture
    Hideo Nagato
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 37-46
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_37
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    Plant-bearing terrestrial to shallow marine strata of Early to earliest Middle Miocene age are described from the Daigo area of Ibaraki Prefecture. They are divided into the Kitatake Formation (lower), which includes the Osawaguchi Tuff Member in its uppermost part, and the Asakawa Formation. A total of 54 species, in 26 families and 45 genera, are recognized from the two formations. They are composed mainly of deciduous dicots, associated with evergreen dicots, conifers, and herbaceous plants. Based on the floral composition and on components of evergreen and warm deciduous dicot elements, the plant assemblages are subdivided into three floras, which occur in the Kitatake Formation and the lower and upper parts of the Asakawa Formation, respectively. These three floras indicate upward warming from a warm-temperate climate to a warm-temperate to subtropical one, judged from the composition of evergreen and warm deciduous elements, and the percent of entire-margined dicot species. In addition to the floral characteristics, evidence from marine mollusks in the upper part of the Asakawa Formation and from radiometric ages indicate that these three floras represent floral and paleoclimatic changes during approximately 18 to 16Ma, within the Daijima-type floras.
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  • Lithofacies and fossil assemblages of the Upper Cretaceous Sada Limestone, Shimanto City, Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan
    Takami Nobuhara, Daigaku Onda, Naoki Kikuchi, Yasuo Kondo, Kei Matsuba ...
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 47-60
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_47
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    The Sada Limestone in the Upper Cretaceous Nakamura Formation, Shimanto Belt, Shikoku, Japan is known to yield abundant "Thyasira" and "Serpula" fossils. However, the whole assemblage has never been studied to an appropriate depth. We present a preliminary report on the mode of occurrence, lithology, and faunal composition of the Sada Limestone followed by discussion on its origin. The limestone crops out at more than 10 localities in an elliptical area (250m in NE-SW, 400m in NW-SE direction) surrounded by Upper Cretaceous siltstone. The boundary between the limestone and the siltstone is gradational, which suggests that the limestone was autochthonous. The Sada Limestone consists of three lithofacies: 1) banded limestone (detrital micrite with parallel calcite-sheets, showing inverted stromatactoid structure); 2) "Thyasira"-"Serpula" limestone (detrital micrite containing abundant autochthonous "Thyasira" and "Serpula"); and 3) sparsely-fossiliferous massive limestone, composed mainly of recrystallized sparite. The three lithofacies alternate with each other with intervals of several meters. The "Thyasira"-"Serpula" assemblage is associated with other chemosynthetic bivalves, such as Myrtea? sp. and Solemya sp. "Thyasira" shells are large (8cm of maximum shell length) and conjoined. The shells are densely packed in the limestone, whereas in the surrounding siltstone molluscan fosssils are rare. The taxonomic composition, mode of occurrence, and lithological characteristics such as inverted stromatactoid structure suggest that the Sada Limestone is seep-related and the fauna represents a chemosynthetic ecosystem similar to many other thyasirid-rich carbonates worldwide. However, to verify the hypothesis requires further biogeochemical approaches such as stable isotope and biomarker analyses.
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  • Geology and fossil ostracode assemblages from the Pliocene Miyazaki Group in the northern part of the Miyazaki Plain, Southwest Japan
    Hokuto Iwatani, Toshiaki Irizuki
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 61-73
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_61
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    A total of 103 ostracode taxa were obtained from the upper Pliocene Sadowara and Takanabe Formations, Miyazaki Group, in the northern part of the Miyazaki Plain, Southwest Japan. Many of them live in sublittoral areas under the influence of the Kuroshio warm current. They have been also reported from upper Pliocene to lower Pleistocene deposits yielding the Kakegawa molluscan fauna. Three biofacies (U, M and L) were discriminated on the basis mainly of Q-mode cluster analysis. Biofacies U is dominated by Neonesidea spp., Loxoconcha ikeyai and Schizocythere kishinouyei, which live in sandy bottoms in upper to middle sublittoral zone. Biofacies M is characterized by Loxoconcha tamakazura, Loxoconcha tarda, Pontocythere cf. subjaponica and Cytheropteron uchioi which live in middle to lower sublittoral zone. Biofacies L contains such mud dwellers in lower sublittoral zone as Acanthocythereis munechikai, Bradleya albatrossia, Hirsutocythere? hanaii and Krithe spp. Spatio-temporal distribution of the ostracode biofacies and sedimentary facies show that 1) the sedimentary basin was deeper southward; 2) shallowing of the sea occurred during the deposition of the Sadowara Formation to the upper part of the Takanabe Formation; and 3) a rapid transgression occurred during the deposition of the uppermost part of the Takanabe Formation.
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  • Reexamination of the Churui specimen of Palaeoloxodon naumanni (Proboscidea) from Churui, Hokkaido, Japan
    Keiichi Takahashi, Hiromichi Kitagawa, Yuji Soeda, Hirotaka Oda
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 74-80
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_74
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    The Churui specimen was found in 1969 and 1970 from Bansei, Churui, Makubetus-cho, Nakagawa-gun, Hokkaido, and is one of the most important whole skeletons of Palaeoloxodon naumanni. Herein, we reexamine the molar number and specific identification of this specimen. As a result of our observations, four molars that were previously identified as second molars of one individual are re-identified as third molars of one individual. These molars correspond to the group 25-27 of Laws (1966), and are therefore assumed to represent an age of about 50 years. Observations of the epiphyseal fusion of the postcranial bones in the Churui specimen support the result that the animal used its third molars. A molar that was previously identified as a third molar from the same individual as the four "second molars" of P. naummmni, is re-identified as a second or third molar of the woolly mammoth Mammuthus primigenius, as determined by morphological characters. It gave a radiocarbon date of 42,850+510BP. Woolly mammoths inhabited Hokkaido from 45ka to 16ka, while the horizon of P. naumanni from Churui is estimated to be 120ka. This suggests that the molar of the woolly mammoth fell from the upper part of the cliff at the excavation site of the Churui specimen, instead of being recovered from the excavation plane.
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  • Discovery of boring bivalve from the Lower Cretaceous Miyako Group in the coast of Rikuchu, Iwate Prefecture, Northeast Japan
    Hiroaki Inose
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 81-85
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_81
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    The Lower Cretaceous Miyako Group is distributed along the Pacific coast of Iwate Prefecture, Northeast Japan. This Group is very famous for its abundant occurrence of well-preserved marine invertebrate fossils of various taxa. Lithophaga (Myapalmula) sp. (Mytilidae: Bivalvia) was discovered in a skeleton of hexacoral fossil contained in conglomerate of the Tanohata Formation of this group. L. (M.) sp. belongs to 'lithophagiform' which is functional Glade of boring mytilids. The occurrence of L. (M.) sp. indicates that subgenus of Myapalmula appeared from the Early Cretaceous onwards. It is inferred that L. (M.) sp. was dead coral borer. The occurrence of L. (M.) sp. supports warm sea during sedimentation of this Group.
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  • Anatomy of the Mollusca : Sepia esculenta (Cephalopoda: Sepiidae), Turbo cornutus (Gastropoda: Turbinidae) and Patinopecten yessoensis (Bivalvia: Pectinidae)
    Takenori Sasaki
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 86-95
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_86
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  • Myology of Crocodiles I : Jaw muscles
    Daisuke Suzuki, Shoji Hayashi
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 96-108
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_96
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  • Dr.Sugano Saburo
    Kazutaka Aamano
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 109-110
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_109
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 111-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_111_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 111-113
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_111_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 114-116
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_114
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 116-120
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_116
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 120-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_120_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 120-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_120_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 121-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_121_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 121-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_121_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 121-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_121_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 121-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_121_4
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 122-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_122
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages 123-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_123
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages App3-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_App3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages App4-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_App4
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages App5-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_App5
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages App6-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_App6
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages App7-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_App7
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2008 Volume 84 Pages App8-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_App8
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    2008 Volume 84 Pages Cover2-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_Cover2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    2008 Volume 84 Pages Cover3-
    Published: October 01, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.84.0_Cover3
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