Splitting-ljnes have been observed on the capsula lienis of dogs ranging in age from 2 fetal months to 8 years after birth which, by convenience, was divided into 16 age stages. The author has thus demonstrated that the age change occurring in these splitting-lines represented the growth change of the capsula in response to the growth of its internal substance. The general outline of the observation was summarized as follows. 1) The incipient stage : at 2 embryonic months there were to be found several splitting-lines along the periphery of the capsula, consisting mainly of irregular ones. This probably represented the incipient growth stage of the tissue where the growth direction remained as yet indefinite. 2) Growth stage : during the period from one month after birth to six years of age there were on the facies diaphragmatica mainly seen parallel line-systems running longitudinally along the periphery which at the dorsal and ventral ends collided with or crossed over the opposite ones. There were also frequently seen at the costricted middle portion of the spleen slant or fan-shaped line-systems, and these two systems resulted in the appearance at both corpulent ends of the organ of the concentric line patterns in their various stages of development. At the centers of these line-patterns and also at the sites of the crossing and collision of the splitting-lines there were seen various phases of the irregular splitting-line masses. On the facies visceralis, as markedly contrasted to the facies diaphragmatica, there were seen three separate regions of splitting-lines, that is cranial marginal, ventral marginal and caudal marginal, which were dividied by the border line of the capsula lienis with the peritoneum to which it was continued. The parallel line-systems which run along the periphery and the border line withe the peritoneum, came to form concentric line-patterns in crossing the boundaries separating the three regions, or showed irregular splitting-lines there as the result of colliding with each other. Thus the difference of this facies with the facies diaphragmaica in the appearance of the splitting-lines is not fundamental, but merely the consequence of hilus formation with accompanying pyramidal protuberance which divided the facies visceralis into three regions. To put it in more general terms, this stage in the development of the splitting-lines well explained the process of mixed growth of the longitudinal and transversal axes of the organ and especially of fattening of its both ends, together with the hilus formation accompanying the pyramidal protuberance at the facies visceralis. 3) Atrophy stage : at 7 to 8 years of age of the animal, the concentric line-patterns are already thick and appear to be completed, and there is general impression of fixed regularity in the manifestation of the splitting-lines. This also suggests the process of atrophy already going on in the organ.

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Splitting-lines of the tunica serosa of the stomach have been studied on materials taken from 17 successive periods of dogs ranging in age from 1 month to 8 years. Summary of the observation was described as follows. The splitting-lines on the tunica serosa of the stomach are mainly consisted of (1) the grup which originating from the top of the fundas pours into the pylorus, and (2) the group which starting from the same site disperses toward the curvatura minor and the cardia. At the top of the fundus (3) and the pylorus (4) these line-systems are converged to form masses of the irregular splitting-lines. Besides that, there are frequently seen in the corpus ventriculi scattered occurrence of distorted splittinglines which is especially prominent at the incisura angularis. The pattern in which the splitting-lines manifest themselves in the tunica serosa is only monotonous at the 1st month of animal's life. However, after the 2nd month toward 7th year of age there are seen significant fluctuation repeated in the development of the splitting-lines ; that is, in the first place, there are sometimes seen and sometimes lie hidden one or two line-systems along the curvatura minor and another one or two which beginning at the latter place disperse toward the pylorus region, and in the second place, there are increasing or diminishing number of the irregular lines which are scattered over the corpus ventriculi, and finally there is change in the dimensions occupied by the masses of irregular splitting-lines at the top of the fundus as well as at the pylorus region of the stomach. At the 8th year of age of the animal these patterns of the splitting-lines become extremely simple to approximate to those seen at the 1st month of birth.

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A biometric study has been conducted on a total of 93male and 104 female inhabitants Kyu-Kurotsuchi-mura, Chikujyo-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture, with regard to their physical characteristics, and the data obtained have been studied in comparison with those obtained from the neighboring district groups in Kyushu. The main findings were summarized as follows : 1. All the subjects including both sexes were of the "short" type in the head length, "broad" type in the head breadth, and may be classified into the brachycephalic type, according to the values 82.08 in the male and 82.02 in the female of the length-breadth index of head. 2. The breadth of zygomaticarch was of "broad" type and the anatomical (morphological) face height was of "high" type through both sexes of the subjects. They belonged to "long" type according to the morphological face height index of each 87.53 in the male and 88.84 in the female of the subjects. 3. With respect to the nasal height, the male subjects showed "convex" type, and the female "low" type. As to the nasal breadth, both sexes showed "constricted" type of the nose and were to belong to "high" type, according to the nasal indices of 67.74 with the male and of 67.41 with the female members of the subjects. 4. With respect to the body length, they were to be ranked in the lower grade of the "sub-medium" type of stature, according to the values, 160.24 cm of the male, 149.27 cm of the female. 5. With respect to the relative chest girth, they were to be ranked in the superior grade of the "normal" type. 6. Sex difference was not found with any items studied. 7. It was concluded that the subjects in the present study had some resemblance in their physical characteristics to the groups of inhabitants of Tomoeda-mura and Shin-Yoshitomi-mura, both located in Chikujyo-gun, but they had the closest resemblance to the inhabitants of Ki-i-mura located in the neighboring district Miyako-gun.

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The finger prints collected in the present survey from the inhabitants of Kyutohbaru-mura, Chikujo-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture, have been studied detailedly on the basis of Koike's new classification and the data obtained have been compared with those collected from among the neiboring inhabitants. The results were summarized as follows. 1) Of all the finger prints patterns studied on the ten fingere basis, the most frequent was that of S-type and the least frequent that of B-type, with the following decreasing order of frequency, S>OW>ODS>B, with both sexes. On the five fingers basis, however, the same order of frequency was seen only in left hand fingers of the male and in right hand fingers of the female, while in the respectively opposite hands in the male and female the order of frequency was OW>S>ODS>B, where the positions of OW and S in the preceding order were replaced. Similar order of frequency in the appearance of the finger prints patterns was also observed with individual fingers except for the presence of minor variations such as exemplified by the fact that the B-type occupied the third and the ODS-type the last of the preceding order in the index finger and middle finger. It was further observed with individual fingers that the most frequently seen were respectively B-type in the index finger, S-type in the middle finger, ODS-type in the thumb and OW-type in the ring finger, while the least frequently seen were B-type in the ring finger, S-type in the ring finger and OW-type in the little finger respectively. 2) With respect to difference between the right and left hand finger prints, there was a trend of S-type prevalency in the left hand and OW-type prevalency in the right hand of the male subjects as examined on the five fingers basis, and otherwise, there could be seen no appreciable difference in the frequency of individual types between both hands. 3) With respect to sex difference, there was in the left hand a trend of B-type prevalence in the female and S-type prevalence in the male, while in the right hand OW-type was distinctly prevalent in the male as examined on the five fingers basis. On the ten fingers basis, it was only noticeable that B-type was prevalent in the hands of female subjects. 4) The socalled representative finger prints formula as examined on the inhabitants of Kyutohbaru-mura, Fuknoka Prefecture, revealed to be OW_5 and S_5. 5) The general pattern of the finger prints as studied in the inhabitants of Kyutohbarumura, Chikujo-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture, revealed to be most remotely aligned to that found in the inhabitants of Kagoshima Prefecture among several inhabitants groups compared, and had relatively close resemblance to those of inhabitants of Kyutohbaru-mura's peripheral districts and of Ohita Prefecture which occupies also its adjacent geographical area.

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It seems a fairly frequent occurrence of abnormity with the muscle group of infrahyoideus, since there are numerous reports available to its effect. Reason of this frequency of abnormiti in the muscle group is generally explained by the fact that they are under the nervous control of ramus superior from the ansa cervicalis, being originated from the same embryonic anlage. During the course of the student's dissection practice conducted by The Department of Anatomy, Kyushu Dental College, there were found two corpses in which were disclosed abnormities in m. omohyoideus and m. sternothyreoideus. The findings were summarized as follows. In the first case, a bundle of muscle occurred at the origin of m. omohyoideus of right side and running collaterally with it a short distance, it soon took its own way by detaching itself from the main body of m. omohyoideus and attached itself to the outer region of m. sternohyoideus of right side. There a part of this muscle fibers was converted into tendon to end at the anterior surface of m. sternohyoideus while the rest of the fibers was mixed with the latter and proceeded further upward to be attached to os. hyoideus. This abnormal muscle was considered to be m. omohyoideus accessorius. On the same corpse, there was further noticed at the upper region of m. sternothyreoideus a membraneous tendon which connected the venters of the muscles of both sides. The second corpse was characterized by the presence of abnormity in m. sternothyreoideus. Here a small bundle of muscle branched off from the middle of left m. sternothyreoideus toward inner and upward direction and entered into the same muscle of opposite side to be fused with it completely. This means that mm. sternothyreoideus of both sides were brought in union by the small bundle of muscle fibers.

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Since the first report of its occurrence by Carabelli in 1842, numerous investigators have studied and described the tubercle of the tooth. Using the plaster models of the upper dentition of the mouth, the present authors have conducted a study on the mode and the frequency of its appearance and the results were presented in summary as follows. 1) The rates of its occurrence were respectively 7.7% with the first molar, 0.2% with the second molar, 1.7% with the third molar and 10.3% with the second milk molar. The tubercle thus appears most frequently in the first molar and the second milk molar. 2) Symmetrical appearance of the tubercle in both sides of the upper jaw amounted to 90% of the total. 3) Simultaneous occurrence of the tubercle in both the second milk molar and the first molar of the same individual amounted to 59% of the total showing predominance of this trend against other type of occurrence.

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Realizing the practical importance of the task in dentistry to elucidate detailed movement of the mandidle and its dentition, many investigators have so far done effort to establish the method for accurate measurement of the movement. However, owing largely to inadequacy of apparatus used by these investigators, movement of a specific tooth or a specific position of the dental arch only allowed to be guessed as following the movement of mandible as a whole, and could not be determined as to its individual movement during mastication. Although the X-ray method has permitted direct observation on individual movement of atooth, as yet no device is available to provide true precision in recording the pathway of movement. Very recently Sasaki has presented a method for analyzing the pathway of arbitrarily chosen point of the mandible in its masticatory movement, in which Dr. Yokota's cephalometric photo-apparatus was utilized. This method involves taking the movie of the mandibular movement with usual 35mm films projecting the front and side views of the subject's mandible on single frame of the films simultaneously. Prior to taking the movie, an apparatus for orientation is adjusted to the face of the subject, and the movement of the apparatus along with that of the mandible is pictured on the films in both its frontal and lateral views. The orientation apparatus pictured on the two right-angled planes thus afford reading three dimensional movement of the mandible or of any position selected. The key part of the apparatus consists of a marker system connected with the lower dental arch which serves to indicate exact position of the target within the mouth as it moves during mastication. In the present study the author has made further improvement on the precision of the apparatus and has succeeded to analyze the mandibular movement with accuracy of as high as 1/4 mm. As material for the chewing experiment, three kinds of food were used ; the first was of simply soft consistency (like chewing-gum), the second was of highly resistant and brittle nature (like peanut) and the third was of highly resistant and sticky nature (like caramel). Measurement was done during the first stage of mastication, that is during the first 8 or 4 strokes of mandibular movement, directly after the chewing material was ingested into the mouth and when the conscious effort to chew was vigorously encouraged. As the target points for observation, the mesial angle of left central incisor and the mesio-buccal cusp tip of left 1st molar were chosen in the present experiment. The conclusions reached were summarized as follows. The movement observed at the anterior teeth generally coincided with the one at the posterior teeth, although significant variation in its details was observed to occur with the difference of test foods taken by the subject. When a soft kind of food was ingested the target point projected on the frontal plane first opened toward the working side of the jaw and forming there a wide outward curve, finally closed into the original point. On the other hand, when a highly resistant and brittle material was ingested, the locus, residing in the working side, only went up and down on the same way vertically, and when it dealt with a highly resistant and sticky material, the locus first started to open toward the balancing side of the jaw and then returned to the masticating side to be closed there. Observation of the mandibular dental arch as projected on the sagittal plane revealed that there never occurred antero-posterior sliding movement of the mandible as it had been previously claimed to occur when the lower dentition was brought into close contact with the opponent upper dentition. When the subject was allowed to chew the highly resistant and brittle or sticky kinds of food, the mandibular movement at its last stage of closing the mouth assumed an irregular zigzag course

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