As regards to the study on the transplantation of the developing teeth was made and reported by Apfel (1950), Langdon and Young (1953), Fong (1953), Hirakawa (1955), Yamaguchi (1964) and others. On the other hand, a new concept of immediate reconstruction of the mandibule following the surgical resection of the mandibular block was discovered by Marino, Turco and Craviotto (1949). Since exploitation of this article, the supplementary study was made and described by Stuteville (1950), Huebsch and Wickstrom (1951), Nagai (1952), Hirakawa (1952) and others. However, the detailed report as regards to the healing process and fate of the tooth germs that was involved in the replanted mandibular block was not yet published. At this time, the author proved to determine and recognize the attitude of tooth germs, the changes of deciduous teeth and the healing process of mandibular bone block that was immediately replanted mandibular bone after resection of complete solution of continuity in infant dogs. The study was made by patho-histological and roentogenological courses. The results on this article are summarized as follows. 1. Untill about 10 postoperative days, I observed the blood clots filling the space between the replanted mandibular bone block and the recipient bone edges. Reactive cells infiltration were appeared in the dental papilla, the dental sac, the deciduous tooth pulp and the periodontal membrane, added to this findings, I recognized disordered arrangement of the odontoblasts and the inner-outer enamel cells. 2. From 10 to 14 days after the operation, the blood clots showed the tendency of organization. Following this, there was a decrease of the inflammatory reaction in the dental papilla, the pulp and the periodontal membrane. 3. About 21 days after the operation, they showed remarkable regeneration and growing development of Hertwig's epithelial sheath. Inner-outer enamel cells was shown arrangement alike the normal structures. Also, both replanted bone and recipient bone was shown complete union with the formation of new bone. Still more, the replanted mandibular bone block was reconstructed both functionary and morphologically day and days. 4. Thereafter, the tooth germs was growed into the developing teeth accompanied with growth of infant dogs. At the period of 120 days after the operation, the germs were developed into the tooth with a nearly normal structure histologically and roentogenologically and showed the tendency of eruption itself. The findings and facts described above, I believe the new knowledge in this field. The results of this article were beliebed to give the important suggestions on the treatment of jaw bone injury of the children and infants.

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This paper supposed investigations of blood constituents in patients with oral diseases. Studies were made on serum protein and serum glycoprotein fractions in 23 patients with sialolithiasis, 14 patients with Kuttner's disease and 30 patients with oral cancer. Determination of serum protein and glicoprotein fractions was carried out by electrophoreris on cellulose acetate membrane. The results were summarized as follows. 1). As to the total protein and albumin fractions, a marked increase in gamma-globulin and a decrease in albumin were present in the patients with oral cancer, whereas patients of sialolithiasis and Kuttner's disease, a marked increase in alpha 2, gamma-globulin and a decrease in albumin were present. On the correlations between the total protein or albumin fractions and sialolithiasis, no characteristic were observed. 2). As to the glicoprotein fractions (17 patients with sialolithiasis, 4 patients with Kuttner's disease and 12 patients with oral cancer) a marked increase in alpha 2, gamma-glob-G.P and a decrease in beta-glob-G.P in the patients with oral cancer, whereas patients of sialolithiasis and Kuttner's disease, a marked increase in alpha 2, gamma-glob-G.P and a decrease in beta-glob-G.P were present. Therefore, on the correlation between glicoprotein and sialolithiasis, no characteristic were observed.

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Distribution of N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase in the organs of a variety of mammals and aquatic organisms was studied. The mammals used in this study included monkey, cattle, hog, dog, rabbit, rat, mouse, guinea pig and some samples from human origin. The aquatic amimals studied included a variety of common edible fishes together with a few species of amphibia, mollusca and crustaceae. Although organs from such lower animals were studied for their contents of the enzyme, data obtained were not conclusive and could serve only for qualitative comparison with those obtained from mammalian organs which comprised mainly parotid and submaxillary glands, heart, lung, liver, stomach, spleen, kidney, small and large intestine and sometimes muscle. In the study of organ distribution, it was most significant that kidney and spleen proved richest in this enzyme through all animal species studied with its density amounting to 2 to 5 times those of other organs. The higher level of this enzyme in the spleen may be suggestive of its association with the physiological function that involves destruction of erythrocytes in the blood stream, especially of their cell wall which is made of protein and lipid complexes of aminopolysaccharides. The aminosugars released from hydrolyzates of the cell wall may undergo deacetylation in this organ. The equally high level of the enzyme in the kidney could not readily be explained on any physiological basis at this time. However, studies are available which reported the highest content of bound hexosamines in the kidney as compared with other organs. If this is the case, the kidney requires general abundance of enzymes concerned with the metabolism of aminosugars and hence the richness of the present enzyme that deacetylates phosphate esters of acetylhexosamines. Studies in rats with regard to possible sex difference in the enzyme distribution tended to show that the enzyme was distributed more richly in the male than in the female. Age difference studies were conducted with use of grouped mice aged 5 to 15 months and results showed that the enzyme concentration increased progressively with age. Studies on the effects of subcutaneous administration of N-acetylglucosamine to rats revealed that increased density of the enzyme was observed in spleen, kidney and especially in intestinal canal as compared with those of control animals. Studies on rabbits that were transplanted with the malignant cells of VX_2 Carcinoma's homogenate in the femur muscle showed that the enzyme concentrations in spleen and kidney tended to show a slight decrease and approximately 5 times increase in the central region of tumor as compared with control organs and tissues. Aquatic animals and organisms were shown to share about as much amounts of this enzyme distributed throughout respective organ studied as mammalian animals.

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Measurements were undertaken on a total of 429 samples of maxillary third molars, each of which was obtained from individual subjects of definite sexes and ages. These teeth were observed from morphological viewpoint and their forms were discussed with reference to possible regressive traits. Results were summarised as follows. 1. A more marked reduction in size was observed in the present samples of the third molars as compared with those observable with the 1st and 2nd molars. The rate of reduction was especially greater in the mesio-distal breadth of crown. As to sex difference in size, it was shown that male teeth exceeded the female teeth in each of the length, breadth and thickness of crown. There existed no appreciable difference with sexes in the length of root part nor in the length of whole teeth. 2. An arbitrary criterion was set to define dwarfism of this kind of teeth by preliminary measurements, and under this definition occurrence of dwarfism was calculated to be 4.7% in the male teeth and 7.7% in the female teeth. 3. When the contour of the occlusal surface was classified into 4 categories consisting of triangular, square, round and other nondescript forms, occurrence of triangular forms was most frequent with approximately 47% of total. 4. With regard to the number of occlusal tips, occurrence of 4 tips was rare and those teeth having less than 3 tips occupied 80% of total. 5. There occurred in about 15.8% those teeth with their crown extremely compressed in mesio-distal direction. This did not seem to have any correlation with diminishing number of occlusal tips. 6 The teeth showed very weak development of mesio-distal marginal ridge and diagonal ridge in their occlusal surface, and in 74.6% of total teeth, the occlusal surface showed wrinkled appearance with grooves and small ridges running irregularly. 7. Roots of the teeth tended to be fused, and monoradicular teeth occupied 67.7% of total. 8. When the retrogrssive traits of the present teeth were expressed in terms of 'reductive proportion', the values for the 3rd molars of male and female subjects were respectively 8.78 and 9.34 as compared to corresponding figures for the 1st molars and 2nd molars, 0.86 and 0.99, and 4.03 and 4.25. There were observed some particular traits of form occurring to some extent, which apparently did not belong to the retrogressive forms.

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The present report concerns with a case of cleidocranial dysostosis which was observed in a 11-year old male. There was a defect in the frontal of cranium together with a fingersized depression extending from the middle of forehead to the frontal. X-ray observation showed the formation of temporary joints appearing symmetrically at the outer middle one third portions of right and left clavicles. Oral examination revealed that the palate was not formed in the normal arched curve, but slanted up toward the suture line in a gabled form. Oral X-ray examination showed that <61|16>^^^- in the pernanent dentition were erupted normally, but other teeth remained unerupted. The teeth <BA|AB>___- were found slightly resorped at their roots, which was later reconfirmed by patho-histological examinations. In the lower jaw, there were three supernumerary teeth lying at the portion where |<345>^^^- stood. X-ray examination on the patient's mother also disclosed the presence of the symmetrical temporary joints of clavicles. Oral inspection and X-ray examination of her mouth revealed that the teeth <21|12>___- were not yet erupted, <43|34>___- were impacted, <5|5>___- were erupted, <76>___-| were lacking, |<67>___- were unerupted, <8|8>^^^- were impacted and further, three supernumerary teeth were present in the region of lower jaw where the teeth |<1234>^^^- were to come. Besides the above findings, a dwarf tooth was detected in the space between the teeth |<7>^^^- and |<8>^^^-. Thus, the common features shared by the son and his mother could be summarized as follows ; 1) formation of symmetrical temporary joint of clavicles, 2) retention of deciduous dentition 3) retarded eruption of permanent dentition, 4) presence of supernumerary teeth, 5) presence of impacted teeth, 6) gable roofed palated arch, and 7) insufficient closure of frontal. The above findings on both the patient and htis mother strongly point to the manifestations of dominant traits of hereditary factors for the etiology of the present case. Treatment of this case consisted of care of dental caries present and tooth extraction, followed by application of a child denture. Follow-up examinations are being regularly conducted on the patient, aided by X-ray cephalographic analysis.

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The epulis has been commonly applied to growths found on the gingivae. We have recently experienced a case of large epulis. The patient, a female, aged, 26, attended outpatient clinic on 18. 1. 69 complaining a swelling in the mouth. She first noticed the swelling about 2 years ago ; since then it had gradually became larger. Examination showed a growth of the gingiva of the so-called epulis type arising on the labial surface of the upper anterior teeth. This tumor was excised under 1% Procain. Microscopic examination showed osteofibromatous epulis. Microscopic section (Fig.5-a) shows the alveolar bone located in the tumor of the upper posterior region. Fig.5-b. c shows the formation of preosseous substance (osteoid?) and collagen fiber in the central region. Fig.5-d. reveals a osteoid substance in the lower anterior region. Numerous etiological theories of osteofibromatous epulis adovocate either ossification in the body of the tumor itself or bone formation derived from the adjacent bone. In a review of our specimen the two etiological processes coexisted.

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