In this study the effects of benzodiazepine receptor agonistic anxiolytics were examined on the locus coeruleus (LC)-prefrontal cortex (PFC) norepinephrine neurons of freely moving rats, and on stress-induced increase in extracellular norepinephrine in the PFC. While benzodiazepine receptor agonistic anxiolytics were infused via a microdialysis probe in the vicinity of the right LC, the extracellular content of norepinephrine was recorded in the ipsilateral PFC with another microdialysis probe. The differential types of benzodiazepine receptor agonistic anxiolytics midazolam (benzodiazepine receptor full agonist, 10^-4M and 5 × 10^-4M) and Y-23684 (benzodiazepine receptor partial agonist, 10^-4M and 5 × 10^-4M) were used. While infusions of Y-23684 (5 × 10^-4M) decreased extracelllar norepinephrine in the PFC, midazolam was not effective for the basal values. Next, rats were gently handled for 10 min during infusion of these drugs. The infusion of midazolam (5 × 10^-4M) and Y-23684 (5 × 10^-4M) inhibited the handling stress-induced increase in extracellular norepinephrine in the PFC. Benzodiazepine receptor antagonist flumazenil (10^-4M) attenuated these effects. These indicate that benzodiazepine receptors agonistic anxiolytics play a major role in suppressing stress responses, by acting via benzodiazepine receptors.

抄録全体を表示

To construct a removable partial denture for a Kennedy class I mandibular case remaining only two canines and four incisors is not so difficult. However, to give the patient a satisfaction with the proshesis in a long period and to maintain the health of the abutment teeth and the surround tissues is very difficult, because the lingual surfaces of the abutment teeth such as canines and incisors incline toward the roots, and can not be securred of a strong support.
In this experiment, most popular five types of rest were compared to choose the best design of rest on inclination that gives great hazards to the abutment teeth and the surrounding tissues.
The movements of the abutment tooth (3 ?? ) with each rest design when crushing down test food were measured by using a laser oscillator unit and a photosensor unit consist of a position sensitive detector and a signal processing circuit which were developed by Imamura, and the measured values were reciprocally compared through the statistical analysis.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. Inclination degree was the greatest in Design 5, and it was 1.64 times of that of control (Design 1), and Design 2 was 1.22 times that of control. Inclinations of abutment tooth with Design 3 and 4 were smaller than that of control and 0.85 times that of control. However, there were no significant differenced between each design and control or between mutual rests.
2. Design 1: The degree of inclination when loading in state without any food between upper and lower dental arches was significantly larger than those under other conditions (p<0.05, or p<0.01), and it was the largest in those of all designs. Under other conditions, however, inclination of abutment tooth with design 1 tended to be relatively small.
3. Inclination of abutment tooth with design 3 tended to be the smallest in all designs under other conditions except for during NF, although this design showed considerably large inclination during NF.
4. Inclination of design 2 rest had a tendency to be larger next to that of design 5 in all designs, although it did not show particularly large inclination under a specific condition.
5. Design 4: Inclination of this design was uniformly small under all conditions.
6. Design 5: This type of rest indicated the largest inclination in all rest designs except for that of the working side. Especially that of the balancing side was larger about 3 times that of the working side without being influenced by food shape.
7. The magnitude of inclination on the balancing side was significantly greater than that of the working side (p<0.05).
8. Generally, inclinations during NF were inclined to be greater, especially that of design 1 was greatest in all designs.
9. Effect of food shape was not recognized in this experiment.
10. The abutment tooth with design 5 and 3 tilted to the lingual direction under all conditions, but that of design 2 tilted to the labial direction under most conditions.
11. The abutment teeth with usual lingual rests tended to tilt to the labial direction, and the one without usual lingual rests to lingual direction.

抄録全体を表示

Inflammatory bone resorption is a feature of chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. In human periodontitis, certain species of Gramnegative bacteria harbored in periodontal pockets play a major part in the pathogenesis of the disease. Among these periodontopathic bacteria, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans has been implicated as an etiological agent in juvenile and adult periodontitis. Localized juvenile periodontitis is characterized by alveolar bone loss mainly affecting the permanent first molars and incisors. It is known that bone resorption is associated with the generation and activation of osteoclasts, unique bone resorbing multinucleated cells. Osteoclasts are derived from the hematopoietic progenitors, and cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and prostaglandins (PGs) can modulate osteoclastogenesis. In this regard, we have previously shown that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and capsular polysaccharide from A. actinomycetemcomitans are likely to play mediative roles in the induction of alveolar bone-loss in periodontal diseases.
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. While BMP-2 is capable of inducing bone formation ectopically, little is known about its role on osteoclastogenesis. We examined the effect of BMP-2 on osteoclast-like multinucleated cell (OCL) formation in cocultures of osteoblast-like cells and hematopoietic cells of bone marrow origin. BMP-2 strongly enhanced OCL formation in a dose-dependent fashion in the presence of IL-1α. Our findings indicated that BMP-2 may enhance bone resorption instead of bone formation in inflammatory environments, suggesting that the control of inflammatory reaction in the target tissues may be one of the critical steps in clinical application of BMPs.

抄録全体を表示

The outline of the medical care which the dental anesthesia is doing in new hospital was introduced. The medical care of dental anesthesia is to attempt the reduction in anxiety and fear of the patient to dental treatment, and to control general management under dental treatment, and to prevent of accident disease under medical care and treatment. Therefore, the gentle dental care must be carried out to the patient. In the patient with other disease and taking various drugs, the attention must be paid to the disease and medicine. if it is necessary, various sedation must be done for patients to be free from anxiety and fear. By doing that, it is possible to construct the relationship brtween the reliance with patient. It is considered that the construction of this relationship is the best sedation, and best general management. It seems that this is the role of department of dental anesthesiology. In the neurologic disease of orofacial pain, there are many psychogenic patients. The construction of this friendry relation is a largest treatment of the neurologic disease.

抄録全体を表示

It is necessary to incorporate “a system of comprehensive dentistry” encompassing the entire spectrum of dentistry from prevention to maintenance as a basis of our clinical practice. “Comprehensive dentistry” is the way in which we clinicians should praciece dentistry to maintain and restore the harmony and health of the stomatognathic system as part of the whole body through wholistic diagnosis and by maximizing patient healing capacity. The objective here is to seek a method to achieve maximum effects with minimum treatment in the life cycle of “growht, development, maturation and aging.” The question is not how much treatment is done but how little is done through minimally invasive procedures to maintain the health of the stomatognathic system.

抄録全体を表示