When the artificial full denture be made for the purpose of reconstructing the lost function of patient's mastication and speech or his appearance, care must be taken of the fact that we are dealing with a living body which differs racially in topographic anatomical details. The author made the measurements on one hundred individuals of the various distances from the occlusal plane to each cusp of lower teeth and found that the occlusal plane established hypothetically by Dr. Gysi would be inapplicable for the Japanese jaws. The measurements showed that the lowest point in dental arch should fall on the contact point between the lower second bicuspid and first molar. It was also shown that the height of buccal cusp of second bicuspid came to the height of mucous rise at the glandula retro molare which is said to keep well its previous level even in edentulous jaw. In view of these findings the author think it advisable in arranging the artificial teeth that the disto-buccal cusp of extreme molar be posed at the same height with the posterior margin of trial base plate so as to keep the denture in the natural anatomical position and to reproduce in it the harmonious ralationship between cusps and tongue.

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The oral examinations conducted on the 6, 396 children of 3 primary schools, revealed that the incidence of cheilosis was observed in 641 individuals (10, 024%), in which male children always prevailed in number than female. Bacteriological cultures taken from the angle of the mouth showed the presence of following types of bacteria ; Staphylococcus (aureus, albus) Streptococcus (α, β, γ, ) Diplococcus (Gram, +, -, ) Bacillus (Gram, +, -, ) Blastomyces. Of these organisms, Staphylococcus aureus were cultured in 59.34% from the lesions which failed to appear in the case of normal mouths examined. In view of these findings, Staphylococcus aureus should be recognized most significant as the causative organisms of the lesion.

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著者は唾液中の亞硝酸が, グリースの試藥に依り濃紅色に檢出されることを知り, この亞硝酸は食物中の硝酸鹽が細菌によつて還元を蒙つた産物なりと推定した。よつて齒牙カリヱスに關係深き弗素, アンモン等のイオン及び尿素ペニシリンを唾液に混じて亞硝酸の消長をしらべた。然る所是等の藥劑はその濃度大なるほど亞硝酸生成を増すこと, 硝酸還元菌は大なる阻害を受けないことが判つた。細菌學的檢索を行ひ, 此還元菌は大腸菌ならむと推定した。歯牙カリヱスを防止する藥劑は大腸菌には有利に働くことが示され, 夫れが濃紅色色素によつて測定される。

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It has been so far the most problematic in the studies of tartar of tooth how it happens to come into existence. The author, from this point of view, accompanied by the studies concerning the chemical components and morphological structure of the natural tartar in mouth, made a series of experiments in artficially grown tartar which hitherto none attempted. The author studied in particulars the morphological differences and similarities between the artificial tartars and natural one. First there are between them naturally a difference in age, that is to say, the artificial tartar grows in shorter lapse of 8 weeks, comparing to the natural one which usually needs far more longer period to grow up. Secondly there can be seen in the natural tartar a marked proliferation of moulds in the mouth which lacks in the case of the artificial one. As for the facts now they have in common, the whole body of both tartars had the porous and spongy structure whose sheleton being consisted of the organic substances in colloid. The author found that the view of the experimental tartar built up in sponge form had the close resemblance to that of the early stadium of the growing natural tartar in spite of lack of mould's proliferation. The author concluded therefore that the existence of moulds in the natural tartar is of secondary significance for its formation and that the building of spongy structure of organic colloid is rather the original ground for its formation. The organic substance in colloid have their source naturally in the constituents of saliva. The chemical examination of the saliva indicated that it is a solution in colloid, and from this points of view the author made several observations on its physico-chemical attitude. As it was observed that the air-bubble appeared spontaneously or could be readily set forth passively, the author reached to the idea that such colloid solution which is subject to Gibbs'law or Floatation principle must have the spongy structure in itself. In consistence with the idea, the author succeeded to note in microscopic examination the air bubble or froth in the natural as well as in the artificial tartar. It is then evident that the tartarbuilding has its orginating site in the colloidal sponge. The author proved that the colloidal substances in saliva can change its properties by the presence of lactic acid or ammonium produced in mouth, and moulds proliferating in caverns of tartar cause the deposit of calcium, hardening gradually the tartar body which is softer at the new-born stadium.

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A male student of a high school, 17 years old, has suffered from epileptic convulsions and has taken daily 0.3 grams of Aleviatin (Sodium dilantin) for 2 years. He noticed some time ago a slight swelling on his gums. The swelling is due to Dilantin, although the grade is not so intense. Other causes of gingival hypertrophy were not certified. The excised gums were patho-histologically examined by routine method. Main findings were as follows ; 1. Light hyperkeratosis of mucous epithelium were seen, and moreover the deep intrusion of epithel-cord into proprial layer was characteristic. 2. Hyperplasia of connective tissues (chiefly collagene fibers), accompanying inflammatory granulation, was seen in propria. Intense perivascular infiltration of plasma-cells and lymphocytes, infiltration of the same cells in other parts of propria, slight exsudation and dilation of blood-vessels and lymphcanals were seen at the same time. 3. Tne findings of this case show a type of hyperplastic inflammation. And circulatory disturbances would have been beforehand with it.

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