All issues
Volume 37, Issue 11
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Tatsuji OGAWA, Noriko OOTANI1962 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 611-615
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors have been trying to improve twokinds of agar culture medium for Myco. tuberculosis, that is, the medium for inoculation of 0.1 cc of specimen treated with 4% NaOHand that for 0.1 cc of neutralized specimen.In the course of this study, some strains of Myco. tuberculosis were found to grow morepoorly and contaminations by other organismswere experienced more frequently on these mediathan on the egg culture medium.
For the purpose of preparing a medium whichis more suitable for the growth of the Myco.tuberculosis, less frequently contaminated byother organisms, and has more simple constituentsthan the conventional media, the followingpointswere investigated: 1) a favorableamount of potassium phosphate, monobasic, and sodium phosphate, dibasic which were tobe added in the medium; 2) whether or not anadditional magnesium sulfate, sodium citrate, asparagine or sodium glutamate etc. were requisitefor the growth of Myco. tuberculosis;and 3) an appropriate amount of malachitegreen or penicillin to inhibit the growth ofcontaminants. Consequently a modified mediumwas prepared, having the following composition.
1) A medium for inoculation of 0.1 cc of4 % NaOH treated specimen
KH2PO4…0.5g
Na2HPO4·12H2O …0.3g
Sodium glutamate…0.3g
Soluble starch …2.0g
Glycerine …1.5cc
Purified agar …2.0g
0.1% malachite green …3.0cc
(or Penicillin …100u/cc)
Distilled water …100.0cc
These constituents were dissolved, sterilizedin an autoclave and cooled to 55°C to 60°C, to which stored whole blood was added andmixed well to make its final concentration 10%.Five cubic centimeters of the medium wasdispensed into each test tube to make a slant, whose pH would be around 6.25 and becomearound 7.04 after the addition of 0.1 cc of 4%NaOH.
2) A medium for inoculation of 0.1 cc ofneutralized specimen
The amount of KH2PO4 in the medium 1) wasreduced from 0.5g to 0.1g.
That of other constituents were the same asabove. pH of this medium was around 6.63.
More colonies were noted on these mediathan on a conventional stored whole blood agarmedium, 3 % and 1% Ogawa egg media.View full abstractDownload PDF (781K) -
T. YOKOYAMA, S. TAKIZAWA1962 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 616-620
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors made a study on the relationshipbetween ECG findings and the results of otherseveral clinical examinations in 80 cases ofpulmonary tuberculosis, and the followingconclusions were obtained.
1. Criteria to judge the presence of right venricularhypertrophy on ECG was showen inTable 1, and in case if at least 2 of the 7 itemsmentioned in Table 1 were present, rightventricular hypertrophy was considered to bepresent in such cases. Observing by the extentof pulmonary lesions by N. T. A. classification, right ventricular hypertrophy was found in 10 of34 far advanced cases (29.4%), 4 of 21 moderatelyadvanced cases (14.3%), and only 1 of 16minimal cases (5.5%). Pulmonary P was foundin 6 of far advanced cases, only 1 of moderatelyadvanced cases, and none of minimal cases.Thus, these right heart loading findings onECG were more frequently seen among advancedcases of pulmonary tuberculosis.
2. Pulmonary ventilatory function was measuredby using Benedict-Roth type respirometer.Among 13 cases with right ventricular hypertrophyon ECG, 1 showed normal ventilatoryfunction, another one showed slight restrictiveimpairment, and other 11 cases showed expiratoryincompetency or combined impairments.Among 40 cases without right heart loadingfindings on ECG, only 7 showed normal pulmonaryfunction, and other 33 cases showed someventilatory impairments. The above resultssuggest that ventilatory function was impairedeven in many cases without any right heartloading findings on ECG, and that ventilatoryimpairments in pulmonary tuberculous patientsare not only restrictive but also expiratory orobstructive in some cases.
3. Hematocrit value was normal in all cases.The fact suggests that polycythemia does notparticipate in right ventricular hypertrophy inthe case of pulmonary tuberculosis.
4. Regarding serum electrolytes, no significantdifference was found between sodium concentrationof normal group and right heartloading group. Pottasium concentration washigher in cases with right ventricular hypertrophy, and on the contrary, chloride concentrationwas slightly lower in cases with rightventricular hypertrophy. It is interesting thatthe above mentioned results coincide well withthe changes found in the case of pulmonaryacidosis, but we must be careful about its interpretation.
5. Total seurm protein and A/G ratio showedno significant correlation with ECG findings.View full abstractDownload PDF (808K) -
Masahiro ICHIOKA, Hideo OKAWA1962 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 621-625
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSResistance to SM was measured on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from 423 cases ofpulmonary tuberculosis admitted to the NationalKanagawa Sanatorium during the period fromJanuary 1959 to June 1960, and resistance toPAS and INH was measured on Mycobacteriumtuberculosis isolated from 377 cases admitted tothe same sanatorium during the period fromJuly 1959 to December 1960. Ogawa's eggmedia was used for drug susceptibility testeither by direct or indirect method, and m oreover, Ogawa's egg media containing severalcombination of SM, PAS and INH with variousconcentration was used to determine the doubleand triple resistance to SM, PAS and INH.
The results were the following:
1. Among 423 strains tested for SM, 20showed extremely high resistance to SM; 4 wereresistant to 5, 000γ/ml, 3 were resistant to10, 000γ/ml and 13 were resistant to 50, 000γ/ml. Most of these 20 cases were far advancedcavitary tuberculosis, and total amount of SMused in the previous treatment exceeded 100, gr. in the majority of the cases. In the previous treatment, SM was used singly in 5 cases, and combined with other drugs in 15 cases.During the course of treatment, 15 showed nochanges, 2 deteriorated and 3 improved. Doubleand triple resistance was measured on 14 strainsshowing resistance to SM at 10, 000γ/ml andover, and 7 strains showed double or tripleresistance to SM, PAS and INH. In this case, strains were considered to be resistant, ifgrowth of tubercle bacilli on drug containingmedia amounted to 75% of the control media.
2. No strains showed extremely high resistance to PAS.
3. Among 377 strains tested for INH, 6showed extremely high resistance to INH; 4were resistant to 100γ/ml and 2 were resistant to 200γ/ml. Most of these 6 cases were faradvanced cavitary tuberculosis, and receivedINH more than 200 gr. In the previous treatment, INH was used singly in 1 case, andcombined with othes drugs in 5 cases. Duringthe course of treatment, 4 showed no changes, and 2 deteriorated. All strains showing extremely high resistance to INH were negativein catalase and peroxydase reactions.
4. Only 1 strain showed extremely highresistance to both SM and INH, and all otherstrains showed extremely high resistance singlyeither to SM or INH.View full abstractDownload PDF (683K) -
Goro HONDO, Takeo NAKAJIMA, Takashi SEKURA, Tomomichi YAMAGUCHI1962 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 626-631
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous report, the authors made astudy on the frequency of deterioration duringambulatory chemotherapy, and found that the frequency of deterioration was higher amongcases showing complete resistance to at least oneof SM, INH and PAS than among cases showingincomplete resistance to either of these drugsor susceptible cases. In the present report, the authors evaluated the therapeutic effectof ambulant chemotherapy on 75 cases ofpulmonary tuberculosis showing complete resistance to at least one of SM, INH and PASduring the course of treatment. The level ofdrug resistance was 10γ/ml for SM, and 1γ/m l for INH and PAS. The results obtainedwere the following:
1. Cases were divided into 2 groups according to the bacteriologic findings in the last 6months of observation period; namely, 28 casesconverted to negative (Group I), and 47 casesshowed continuous bacilli discharge (Group II).
2. Deterioration was found in 56% duringthe course of treatment, and the rates were29% and 72%respectively in Group I andGroup
3. In Group I, nearly all bacilli positivecases showed complete resistance to one of the3 drugs even from the first 6 months afterstaring chemotherapy. On the contrary, inGroup II, approximately 70% of bacilli positivecases showed complete resistance to at least oneof the 3 drugs from the second 6 months andover, and among them, approximately 40%were resistant to 2 or 3 of the 3 drugs.
4. In Group II, radiological deteriorationwas most frequently found during the secondyear after starting chemotherapy.
5. The common regimen of chemotherapyfound among cases showing favourable response, i. e. negative conversion of tubercle bacilli orthe increase of drug susceptibility, was thecombined use of INH-FPZA, INH+Sulfa drugsand the use of nebulizer.
6. Indication of surgical treatment was evaluated on 24 cases, among them 4 were inGroup 1 and 20 were in Group II. Observingfrom the stand point of pulmonary function, 16cases (67%) were suitable for surgical treatment, and from the extent and the characterof pulmonary lesions, 12 (50%) were suitablefor surgical treatment. Thus, all together, surgical treatment was indicated for 11 cases (46%).
7. Surgical treatment is the method of choicefor the above discussed cases, and in case ifit is impossible, the use of INH+PZA, INH+Sulfa drugs or nebulizer is advisable.View full abstractDownload PDF (793K) -
Yukio KITAZAWA, Tetsuro SATO, Minoru SATO1962 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 632-637
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 443 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were detected by the mass surveyand had had no previous treatment were subjected to the study. The majority of patientswere male and aged between 20 to 40. Of thesepatients, 292 were hospitalized for various period, and they were divided into 3 groups according to the term of hospitalization; namely, 82were hospitalized for 3 months (short term), 108 for 6-8 months (semi-long term) and 102for 9 months or over (long term). Remaining151 cases were treated at out-patient clinic andcontinued to work. Among them, 111 receivedregular treatment and 40 received irregulartreatment. Types of pulmonary lesions at thebeginning of treatment in each group werepresented in Table 5.
Approximately 70% of the hospitalized patients were treated by the triple combinationwith INH, SM and PAS, and on the contrary, 70-80% of the cases treated at out-patientclinic from the beginning or after dischargefrom the hospital were administered INH andPAS. After discharge from the hospital, 25were followed up for 8-12 months, and 267 for1-2 years.
As shown in Fig. 2, at 1 and half year afterstarting chemotherapy, the rate of radiologicalimprovement was 97.1% in long term hospitalization group, 90.7% in semi-long term hospitalization group, 85.4% in short term hospitalizationgroup, 70.3% in regular ambulatory group and42.5% in irregular ambulatory group. Difference in the results obtained in these 5 groups issupposed to be explained by the difference inchemotherapy regimen in these groups. Althoughthe rate of radiological improvement in shortterm hospitalization group was lower than thatin long term hospitalization group during hospitalization, the rate of deterioration after dischargefrom the hospital was nearly equal in bothgroups. The result of treatment in short termhospitalization group seemed to be superior tothat in ambulatory group, and moreover, thenumber of cases dropped on the way of treatmentwas less in short term hospitalization groupfollowed by chemotherapy conducted at outpatient clinic than in cases treated at out-patientclinic from the beginning of treatment.
From the above mentioned results, it can beconcluded as follows: As it is difficult to administer triple combination therapy using INH, SM and PAS for patients treated at out-patientclinic and continued to work, it is advisable totreat all cases newly detected by the masssurvey under long term hospitalization, and ifit is impossible, short term hospitalizationfollowed by chemotherapy at out-patient clinicis recommended to improve the results oftreatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (946K) -
Mitsuo MATSUMOTO, Akira NAGATA, Shinichiro ITO, Minami MASE, Akira MOR ...1962 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 638-646_1
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (5522K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|