Kekkaku(Tuberculosis)

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Ethambutol was used together with other drugs for 54 cases of severe pulmonary tuberculosis failed to convert to negative sputum in spite of the long-term chemotherapy with various drugs or of the surgical treatment. The results obtained among cases observed for longer than 6months after starting ethambutol treatment were as follows:
1) The bacteriological findings were classified into the f o llowing 4 categories;
Group A: Converted to negative for more than 3 months 48.1%
Group B: Showed marked reduction in the number of bacilli 3.7 %
Group C: Converted to negative for more than 3 months but later showed relapse d u r i n g ethambutol treatment 14.8 %Group C: No marked changes in the bacteriological status 33.3 %
2) The sputum negative conversion rate was higher among cases with few pretreatm e nt bacilli discharge than among cases with abundant bacilli discharge.
3) The severer the disease, the lower the negative c o nversion rate.
4) The effect of ethambutol treatment for previously operated cases was slightly inferior to that of the previously non-operated cases.
5) The more the number of source of bacilli discharge, the less the therapeutic effects.
6) The more the number of sensitive drugs combined with ethambutol, the hi g her the negative conversion rate. The negative conversion rate were compared among cases treated with ethambutol and two other drugs. The best result was obtained among cases treated with two previously unused sensitive drugs, next among cases treated with sensitive drugs, one of which was previously unused and another was previously used, then among cases treated with two sensitive but previously used drugs, and the result was worst among cases treated with resistant drugs.

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