結核
Online ISSN : 1884-2410
Print ISSN : 0022-9776
ISSN-L : 0022-9776
45 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • Ethionamide脂肪肝における脂肪酸組成
    井上 豊治, 和知 勤
    1970 年 45 巻 4 号 p. 115-120
    発行日: 1970年
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    By the oral administration of ethionamide (TH), a fatty liver is induced in rat experimentally. From the fact that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity of the soluble fraction of liver was enhanced in TH-administered rats, it was suggested that the remarkable increase of fatty acid synthesis in liver may cause the fatty liver of TH-administered rats. In this report, the fatty acid composition of total lipid in TH-administered rat liver was analysed by means of gaschromatography, comparing with those of the control and CCI4-administered rat livers.
    Male Donryu rats weighing 100 to 150 g were used. TH (200 or 400 mg per kg body weight as a suspension in distiled water) and CCI4 (5 ml per kg body weight as 1.1 mixture in liquid paraffin) were administered respectively by gastric tube. Rats were sacrificed at certain int erval by decapitation and livers were removed.
    The extraction of total lipid of liver was done according to the method of Folch. The extracts were washed in NaC1 solution, evapolated to dryness and refluxed with H2SO4. methanol. The methyl esters were washed, separated, evaporated and dissolved in small amount of ethyl ether.
    Gaschromatographic analysis was carried out at 180'C in a glass tube of 2, 000 mm long and 3 mm internal diameter. DEGS was used as stationary phase and nitrogen as carrier gas.
    For the quantitative determination of the total fatty acid of liver, the method of Drysdale was employed.
    The results obtained were as follows.
    Total fatty acid increased both in the livers of TH-administered rats and in those of CCI4administered rats. In the fatty liver induced by TH, palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids were increased and stearic and C 20 unsaturated fatty acids were decreased in the percentage of the total lipid. These changes appeared in a short period after starting the use of TH, and lasted during the period of daily administration of TH. In case of a single dose, however, these changes disappeared completely 96 hours after the administration of TH.
    Increase of oleic acid and decrease of stearic acid in percentage of total lipid were also observed in the liver of CCI4-administered rats.
    From these results, especially from a d efinite increase of linoleic acid, an extrahepatic factor as well as the intrahepatic one must be discussed in regard to the origin of the accumulated fat in TH or CCI4-administered rat liver.
  • 中村 健一, 近江 明, 栗原 忠雄, 鈴木 誠一, 田寺 守
    1970 年 45 巻 4 号 p. 121-128
    発行日: 1970年
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The diagnostic value of radiophotograms (R. P.) and the reading ability of readers play an important role in the efficiency of mass case-finding by X-ray.
    The study was carried out to investigate the diagn o stic value of 70 mm R. P. by mirror camera and to evaluate the reading ability of physicians working in the T. B. control, based on the results of a R. P. reading contest.
    A total of 192 physicians had participated in the contest. Most of them were from health centers, health service sections of enterprises, mass examination specialized agencies, etc.
    Fifty R. P. pictures were read by each reader at the contest. They were consisted of 25pictures showing active lesions of pulmonary tuberculosis or other chest diseases, , 5 with healed lesions only, and 20 without lesions. Those cases had been diagnosed precisely by radiograms and other examinations.
    If a reader failed to indicate a further examination for a case with active lesions, it was judged “overlooking”, and if he indicated a further examination for a case without lesions, it was judged “overreading”
  • 原 敏彦, 馬場 治賢
    1970 年 45 巻 4 号 p. 129-132
    発行日: 1970年
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The distribution and metabolism of 3H-labeled D-2, 2'-(ethylenediimino)-di-l-butanol(ethambutol)in the rat have been studied. The intraperitoneally injected ethambutol was taken up rapidly into such organs as kidney, liver or lung, and then disposed from them as rapidly as from the serum. In brain or in eyeballs, however, the radioactivity did not appear remarkably soon after the injection, but gradually accumulated later. This radioactivity, possibly of the metabolic product of ethambutol, was not so easily extracted from brain homogenate with perchloric acid, which indicates that it is firmly attached to the tissue. In the extract from brain a large quantity of metabolites of ethambutol was demonstrated on the ion exchange column chromatography. The metabolite accumulated in brain seems to be relevant to the side effect of ethambutol, the demyelination of central nervous system, especially of optic fibers.
  • 石渡 弘一
    1970 年 45 巻 4 号 p. 133-142
    発行日: 1970年
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author studied the lower limit of pulmonary function for social rehabilitation based on the changes of ventilation and blood gas under the 2-step test for 3 minutes among 36 patients who had undergone lung surgery. A further study was made on the relation between the ventilatory function and the working status among 67 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with postoperative functional impairment. The results were summarized as follows
  • 亀田 和彦, 岩井 和郎, 岩崎 龍郎, 岡 捨己, 高橋 智広, 足立 達, 田島 洋, 山本 正彦, 木村 良知, 岡村 昌一, 杉山 ...
    1970 年 45 巻 4 号 p. 143-151
    発行日: 1970年
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The materials of this study consisted of 3356 resected specimens of pulmonary tuberculosis which had been treated with chemotherapy and were resected during the period from 1953 to 1968 at nine institutions in Japan.
    Cultivation of tubercle bacilli and drug sensitivity tests were carried out on 1055 cavities and 784 non-cavitary lesions among original treatment cases, and on 1025 cavities and 492 noncavitary lesions among re-treatment cases (Table 3). The strains were defined as resistant if there was equal growth of tubercle bacilli on culture media containing 10 mcg SM, 1 mcg PAS or 1 mcg 1NI-I.
    The results obtained were as follows:
    1) The positive rate of bacilli in the re s ected foci decreased according to the duration of chemotherapy during the first one year but thereafter it increased with the prolonged duration of chemotherapy.
    2) In case of the original treatment, the culture positive rate correlated with the duration of negative sputum (Table 6).
    3) In case of the origi n al treatment, the tubercle bacilli were cultured from 105 out of 607 non-cavitary lesions (17.3 %) and 405 out of 866 cavities (46.8 %). The rate decreasd to 4.8 % and 21.3 %, respectively, in 146 non-cavitary lesions and 136 cavities, if the rate is calculated exclusively for the case showing negative sputum for more than 12 months.
    4) The results on the re-treatment cases showed the same trend, but the c ulture positive rate was higher than that of the original treatment cases in every category divided by the duration of negative sputum and the character of the foci at the time of resection (Fig.2).
    5) The culture positive rate of bacilli in the lesions were different according to the cl i n ical course of the disease up to the time of resection. Regardless of the character of lesions, cases showing radiological improvement during treatment revealed lower positive rate and cases showing increase in the size of lesion X-ray film during chemotherapy showed higher positive rate (Table 8).
    6) A s shown in Table 9, the amount of bacilli cultivated from the cavitary lesions was bigger than that from non-cavitary lesions, and even amoung cases showing negative sputum for more than 6 months before operation, a large amount of bacilli were cultivated from the cavitary lesions.
    7) Strains resistant to the primary drugs were not found from non-cavitary lesions which had been treated with the primary drugs for less than 6 months before operation, but they were frequently found from cavities as well as from non-cavitary lesions treated for more than 7 months before operation (Table 10).
    As shown in Table 11, the ra t e of bacilli cultured from resected specimens of pulmonary tuberculosis correlated with (1) the duration of negative sputum (2) the character of the foci both at the start of treatment and the time of the resection and (3) whether it is original treatment or re-treatment.
    Some sugg e stions regarding the suitable time for operation, the optimum duration of chemotherapy and the prognosis of the patient after chemotherapy might be obtained from the above-mentioned result.
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