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Volume 46, Issue 10
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Report 2. Applicability of the Criteria on Prefectural LevelTakefumi KONDO1971 Volume 46 Issue 10 Pages 385-391
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy applying the criteria which were mentioned in Report 1, the author evaluated the tuberculosis control on prefectural level during the period from 1962 to 1968 and the result obtained were as follows.
1. Certain pre f ectures fell under the various criteria, though the number of prefectures was different by the sort of criterion and year.
2. The same prefectures tended to fall under the same category of criteria during this period.
3. The problems which were pointed out by these criteria were fairly confirmed by other informations.
4. No problems were pointed out in 8 prefectures out of 46 according to these criteria during 7 years period.
Applying these criteria, it is possible to evaluate tuberculosis control program on regional level.
The improvement of the program is expected by making the proper evaluations, including the use of these criteria, as well as other informations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1541K) -
1. Comparison of Rifampicin-Ethambutol-Isoniazid with Streptomycin-Paraaminosalcylic acid-Isoniazid in the Original Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1971 Volume 46 Issue 10 Pages 393-399
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA controlled trial on the clinical effects of Rifampicin (RFP). Ethambutol (EB). Isoniazid (INH) tripple combination and that of Streptomycin (SM) . Paraaminosalcyclic acid (PAS). INH tripple combination was conducted on 122 previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)patients admitted to 29 prefectural and municipal TB hospitals all over Japan.
Newly diagnosed, previously untreated pulmonary TB patients with p o sitive tubercle bacilli in sputa were allocated at random to one of the above two regimens: 62 patients in RFP⋅EB⋅INH group and 60 patients in SM⋅PAS⋅INH group at the beginning of treatment.
The background factors of patients in each group were almost similar except for a slight advantage of SM⋅PAS⋅INH group in regard to younger age and less extensive lesions.
Dose of drugs used was as follows: 450 mg of RFP once daily before br e akfast or in 3divided dose after each meal, 750 mg of EB once daily or in 3 divided dose after each meal, 400 mg of INH once daily, 10 gram of PAS in 3 divided dose daily, orally, and 1 gram of SM twice weekly or daily, intramuscularly.
The clinical effects a nd side effects of both groups were compared. Sputum negative conversion rate on culture was 67.8, 94.7 and 98.1% at 2, 4, and 6 months in RFP⋅EB⋅INH group, while the rate was 60.3, 86.8 and 96.1% in SM⋅PAS⋅INH group, respectively.
The improvement of basic lesions on chest radiograms was observed in 44.1, 80.7 and 98.1%of patients at 2, 4 and 6 months in RFP⋅EB⋅INH group, while in 45.8, 83.6 and 94.3% in SM⋅PAS⋅INH group, respectively. The improvement of cavities was seen in 37.8, 61.6 an d 82.7% at 2, 4 and 6 months in RFP⋅EB⋅INH group, while in 44.9, 72, 6 and 82.9% in SM. PAS. INH group, respectively.
The frequency of major side effects in each group was almost similar, but minor side effects were seen slightly more frequently in SM⋅PAS⋅INH group. Five patients in RFP⋅EB⋅INH group were dropped out through allergic reactions (2 patients), elevation of S-GOT and S-GPT values (2 patients) and optic neuropathy (1 patient), while 4 patients in SM⋅PAS⋅INH group through allergic reactions (1 patient), hearing impairment (1 patient), headache (1patient) and gastrointestinal symptoms (1 patient).
It is concluded that RFP⋅EB⋅INH tripple combination is as good as SM⋅PAS⋅INH tripple combination in the original treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1407K) -
Zenji HORAI, Kenichi SHIMIZU, Kimihiro YAMAMOTO, Yoshinori FUJISAWA, K ...1971 Volume 46 Issue 10 Pages 401-404
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLividomycin has been produced by the Institute of the Kowa Company. The results of basic research of Lividomycin are already reported by the Kowa Company. Antituberculous activity of Lividomycin in vitro has been investigated using Kirchner's half liquid media and 1% Ogawa media in our laboratory.
Bacteriostatic activity against H37Rv-S strain was observed in 0.5 mcg/ml concentration of Kirchner's half liquid media and 25.0 mcg/ml of 1% Ogawa media. The growth of H37RvR-SM strain was inhibited under the same concentration of each media as in the case of H37RvS strain. Bacteriostatic activity against H37Rv-R-KM and H37Rv-R-VM strain, however, was reduced in each media. Bacteriostatic activity against wild strains was observed in each media similar to the preserved strains.
Lividomycin seems to have c ross resistance with Kanamycin, but further studies must be made as a new antituberculous drug.View full abstractDownload PDF (638K) -
—Some Consideration on the Interpreation of Drug Resistance Tests—Michio TSUKAMURA1971 Volume 46 Issue 10 Pages 405-408
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeven cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in which kanamycin-resistant tubercle bacilli did not appear even after a long-term administration (more than 2 years in most cases) of kanamycin are presented. In these cases, capreomycin-resistant tubercle bacilli also did not appear after a long-term administration of capreomycin, but ethambutol or ethionamide resistance appeared after several months administration. These cases had had fibrocaseous lesions with cavities inside before administration of kanamycin or capreomycin.
The fact that kanamycin- or capreomycin-resistant tubercle bacilli did not appear is explained by the decreased permeability of kanamycin and capreomycin into the lesion where tubercle bacilli are multiplying.
The patients are excreting tubercle bacilli susceptible to kanamycin and capreomycin, but the administration of kanamycin or capreomycin is not effective in these patients. Presence of kanamycin- or capreomycin-resistant tubercle bacilli indicates the ineffectiveness of these drugs.
Presence of kanamycin- or capreomycin-susceptible tubercle bacilli may indicate the effectiveness of these drugs in most cases, but it does not always indicate the clinicalView full abstractDownload PDF (832K) -
Kazuro IWAI1971 Volume 46 Issue 10 Pages 409-415
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to know the mechanism of perforation of tuberculous empyema, 52 cases of perforated empyema and 15 of non-perforated encapusulated pleurisy were observed pathohistologically and clinically.
In most of the c a ses, exudative pleurisy or artificial pneumothorax was found in the previous history, and the period from the previous illness to the presumed time of perforation ranged from 9 to 38 years, on the average 17 years, except one case. The size of pleural sack on X-ray film before perforation was somewhat larger than non-perforated cases, and enlargement of pleural sac was detected 12 months, on the average, before perforation in one third of the perforated cases.
From the macroscopic examination of the resected specimens, 4 types of perforation was recognized; Fig.2. Type A, with bronchial or pulmonary fistula, was found in 27 cases, and was thought to be perforation from the empyema to the lung. Three cases of type B. having triangular ulceration of the lung parenchym, was also suspected to be originated from type A change.View full abstractDownload PDF (1831K)
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