Kekkaku(Tuberculosis)
Online ISSN : 1884-2410
Print ISSN : 0022-9776
ISSN-L : 0022-9776
Volume 51, Issue 3
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
  • Co-operative Study Group Of Japanese
    1976 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 67-70
    Published: March 15, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Frequency of isolation of mycobacteria other than tubercle bacilli (‘atypical’ mycobacteria) and their species were studied in national chest hospitals locating in various places in 1973 and 1974. The results were almost the same to those obtained by the preceding study in the year 1971-1972 (Kekkaku 48: 203-211, 1973).
    Frequency of ‘atypical’ mycobacteria among all mycobacteria, including tubercle bacilli, was 5. 3% (Table 1). The frequency was higher in the hospitals locating in the South Pacific coast of the Honshu island, which corresponds to principal industrial area of this country, and the frequency was lower in the hospitals locating in North Japan and Shikoku island (Table 1).
    Variation of the frequency according to the season was not observed (Table 2).
    The most frequently isolated species was M. avium-intracellulare complex (89. 6%) (Table 3).
    The frequency and the species between the preceding study (year 1971-1972) and the present study were statistically not significantly (Tables 4 and 5).
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  • Michio TSUKAMURA
    1976 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 71-73
    Published: March 15, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Prognosis (negative conversion of bacilli occurs or does not occur) in lung disease due to Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (M. intracellulare) has been suggested to depend on tuberculin reactivity. In 8 patients, in whom tuberculin reactivity to M. intracellulare tuber culin was greater than to M. tuberculosis tuberculin, negative conversion occurred in only one patient. On the other hand, in 3 patients, in whom tuberculin reactivity to M. intracellulare tuberculin was smaller than to M. tuberculosis tuberculin, negative conversion occurred in all 3 patients. In all 11 patients, various antituberculous agents were used in the course of observations, but the agents were considered to be practically ineffective to the organisms, as the organisms were resistant to the agents in the drug resistance tests. Negative conversion was considered to have occurred as a process of natural healing. The rate of negative conversion was significantly different between the above two groups.
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  • Tadahiko FUJINO
    1976 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 75-82
    Published: March 15, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Many investigators have sought to establish a serological method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. A serological test should make it possible to recognize active disease and to differentiate the disease due to M. tuberculosis from other non-tuberculous pulmonary diseases. All previously divised tests including the Middlebrook-Dubos hemagglutination test, Boyden test, the complement fixation test and the agar gel test, had some weak points.
    Takahashi has shown in 1962 that antibody levels to phosphatide of tubercle bacilli correlate well with the severity of tuberculosis, and the sero-diagnosis is useful. Also he has shown that Kaolin particules could be used as appropriate surfaces for antigen-antibody reactions.
    The test kit, which consisted of the antigen -aa methanol solution of tuberculous phosphatide, the Kaolin suspension, and the tris aminomethanemalate buffer containing EDTA, was kindly offered from the Daiichi Kagaku Yakuhin Co., and was used throughout the study.
    A total of 558 serum specimens were tested. Group A comprized patients with possitive tubercle bacilli: Group B consisted of patients who were treated with antituberculous drugs, but bacteriological confirmation was not made, and Group C are non-tuberculous patients.
    We found that 56.0 per cent of Group A were serologically possitive whereas 44 per cent of this group remained negative, and 27.9 per cent of Group B were positive, and 12 per cent of the Group C were positive.
    In order to eliminate spontaneous agglutination which results in false positive readings, the test was set up in two series of tubes with non-sensitized and sensitized kaolin. By this method, the presence of non-specific agglutination in the specimen could be proved.
    We could not find the close relationship between the clinical status of tuberculosis and the antibody titer of Takahashi Kaolin agglutination test. The combination of several kinds of serological tests might be needed to get higher positive rate for definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis.
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  • Yasutaka INAGAKI, Shinichi INADA, Yoshihiro YAMADA, Kuniko KANEKO, Tak ...
    1976 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 83-89
    Published: March 15, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 24-year old female student was admitted to Keio University Hospital on January 31, 1975, showing cyanosis, high fever and bilateral abnormal shadow on chest X-ray.
    Tubercle bacilli was found in her gastic juice ten days after the admission. Nasal bleeding (Feb. 1) and ecchymosis in both hands (Feb. 5) appeared. In the examination results at this time delayed blood sedimentation rate, thrombocytopenia and low value of fibrinogen which was compatible with consumption coagulopathy were noticed.
    It seems that the anoxia in this patient was a promoting factor of consumption coagulo pathy.
    On the other hand, the exudative lesion on the chest X-ray which was found at the time of admission to our hospital became multiple bullous, thin walled cavities only 15 days later. It is suggested that the use of corticosteroid was greatly contributed to the formation of these bullous cavities in this case during such a short time.
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