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Volume 55, Issue 6
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Koomi KANAI, Eiko KONDO, Tomoyoshi YASUDA1980 Volume 55 Issue 6 Pages 269-271
Published: June 15, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTubular myelin figures which were first described by Weibel were observed as an aggregated mass in association with the tuberculous lesions experimentally produced in mice. They were also found within alveolar macrophages, probably they were ingested after being extruded from Type II epithe lial cells. The biological significance of these events was discussed in reference to the recent litera tures suggesting that tubular myelin figures are the surfactants of the lung.View full abstractDownload PDF (4026K) -
Michio TSUKAMURA, Hisao SHIMOIDE, Nobuhiko KITA, Keisi KAWAKAMI, Tadao ...1980 Volume 55 Issue 6 Pages 273-280
Published: June 15, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe prevalence rate of atypical lung mycobacteriosis was studied in patients hospitalized to thirteen participating hospitals during the period from January 1, 1971 to December 31, 1978. A total of 29, 580 patients with lung disease were hospitalized in tuberculosis departments in the above period, and, among them, 462 patients were found to be atypical lung mycobacteriosis. Screening for atypical mycobacteria was carried out using PNB medium (Ogawa egg medium containing 0.5mg/ml p-nitrobenzoic acid). Acidfast organisms isolated from sputum specimens of patients were inoculated onto the PNB medium and an Ogawa egg medium containing no agent (control), and the organisms growing on the PNB medium after incubation at 37°C for 3 weeks were sent to the Chubu Hospital and identification was made according to due schedule (Tsukamura, M.: Identification of mycobac teria, 1975). The lung atypical mycobacteriosis was diagnosed using the following criteria: (1) isolation of atypical mycobacteria belonging to the same species more than three times within the period of six months and the isolates should at least more than two times consist of more than 100 colonies (the latter was not adopted in diagnosing diseases due to M. kansasii and M. fortuitum); (2) the excretion of atypical mycobacteria into sputum should be accompanied by the appearance of clinical symtoms (appearance of cavities, etc.). The screening and the diagnosis were carried out using the same technique and the same criteria.View full abstractDownload PDF (953K) -
Hideo INAGAKE1980 Volume 55 Issue 6 Pages 281-288
Published: June 15, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe variable manifestations of tubercle bacilli on the attitude of cross-resistance among aminoglucoside and polypeptide antibiotics, especially on enviomycin (EVM) and lividomycin (LVM), were evaluated in vitro and reported by our colleagues.
Although there have been many reports on the cross-resistance among aminoglucosides and polypeptides, most of them have only dealt with the tubercle bacilli definitely resistant to some degree, and only a few of them successively evaluated those resistant in various degrees to each drug.
In this paper, the degree of cross-resistance among streptomycin (SM), kanamycin (KM), viomycin (VM), capreomycin (CPM) and enviomycin (EVM) are evaluated in vitro with the bacilli resistant in variable degrees to each drug obtained by the successive transfer of a drug containing medium with a serially increasing concentration method.
The rapidity of acquiring resistance was in the following order of:
SM=KM>EVM>CPM>VM
These are to be summarized as follows: 1. the rapid appearance of high grade cross-resistance, 2. the rapid appearance of high grade cross-resistance after a certain period of no cross-resistance, 3. the appearance of high grade cross-resistance after a certain period of middle grade cross-resistance, 4. the rapid appearance of middle grade cross-resistance and no changes thereafter, 5. showing middle grade cross-resistance for a certain period of time, then the appearance of high grade cross-resistance, 6. no emergence of cross-resistance throughout.
In conclusion, it can be said that the development of mutual cross-resistance among aminoglucoside and polypeptide antibiotics is influenced by the respective resistance of drug-resistant bacilli and by the combination of each drug for the emergence of the resistant bacilli.View full abstractDownload PDF (920K) -
I. Definition of the Genus MycobacteriumMichio TSUKAMURA1980 Volume 55 Issue 6 Pages 289-295
Published: June 15, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMycobacterium, Rhodococcus, and Nocardia have Type IV cell wall and similar guanine plus cytosine moles %. However, total number of carbons of mycolic acids of mycobacteria ranges from 60 to 90, and is larger than those of rhodococci and nocardiae, 30 to 66. These three genera are differentiated from each other by a number of biochemical and biological characteristics (Table 4). The principal pigment which occupies the major parts of carotenoids is different between Mycobacterium, and Rhodococcus and Nocardia. It is β-carotene in mycobacteria, while it is a substance showing similar absorption maxima with γ-carotene in rhodococci and nocardiae (Table 5). Rhodococcus has a sulfolipid which metabolizes rapidly and takes sulfur from methionine, while Nocardia has no such lipid (Table 6).
The genus Mycobacterium is defined as follows: have Type IV cell wall; show guanine plus cytosine moles %, 62 to 70; total number of carbons of mycolic acids, 60 to 90; if some species contain pigments, the major part of pigments consists of β-carotene; organisms growing on egg media show strong acid-fastness; occur as rods or coccoids; do not form mycelium; non-motile; aerobic; have no endospore; have Gram-positive granules in the cell, but the cell itself is not stained by the Gram stain (in early stages of growth, the whole cells may be stained as black); show positive arylsulfatase; do not utilize sucrose as C source; growth rate is greatly different according to the species (growth after 3 days to 4 weeks). The genus Mycobacterium is divided into two subgenera (Table 4). The two subgenera are differentiated from each other not only by the growth rate but also by other several characteristics.View full abstractDownload PDF (825K) -
Takatoshi INOUE, Kenji KUBO, Tomokazu ASAI, Kazunori OGAWA, Tadahide T ...1980 Volume 55 Issue 6 Pages 297-300
Published: June 15, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe clinical, laboratory and computed tomographic (CT) findings of the brain in a patient with miliary tuberculosis and Jacksonian moter seizures have been described. CT revealed multiple doughnut type masses in the cerebrum, and the masses were considered to be tuberculous brain abcesses.View full abstractDownload PDF (2586K)
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