巻号一覧
57 巻, 7 号
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森 亨1982 年 57 巻 7 号 p. 363-367
発行日: 1982/07/15
公開日: 2011/05/24
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5. Mycobacterium kansasii感染マウスに対する抗結核薬の併用治療効果李 英徹, 久世 文幸, 前川 暢夫, 鈴木 康弘1982 年 57 巻 7 号 p. 369-377
発行日: 1982/07/15
公開日: 2011/05/24
ジャーナル フリーThe therapeutic effects of three combined antituberculous regimens were evaluated in vivo for conventional mice (dd white strain) infected intravenously with Mycobacterium kansasii KMC 1113 strain, isolated from sputum of a patient. The strain was passed through a mouse before inoculation. The evaluated regimens were RFP alone, INH. SM·RFP, EB·SM·ERFP and TH. SM·RFP, which were all administered to the animals in dosages roughly comparable with clinical use except INH. Serial enumeration of viable units of bacilli in lungs and spleens of mice were performed on 1% Ogawa media using 10-fold dilution technique of the homogenized organs at one, three, six, nine and fifteen weeks after infection. The therapy was started after a delay of one week and was continued for eight weeks, six days a week. Evaluation of therapeutic results was based mainly on serial counts of viable units in the organs, weights of organs, extent of gross lesion, and histopathological examination.
In the control untreated mice, the counts of viable units of bacilli remained almost constant for the entire experimental period, at approximately 1.0×105 in 10mg of lung, while the counts of viabl units of bacilli in spleen spontaneously regressed to 2.5×103 at the end of the experiment, which was 5.3×104 at the start of the treatment. In the groups treated with EB· SM· RFP and TH·ESM·ERFP, the counts of viable units of bacilli both in lungs and spleens decreased considerably during the treat ment and remained virtually constant after the discontinuation of the treatment.
Gross kidney lesions were observed only in the control untreated and RFP-treated mice, which suggested a superiority of therapeutic effects of combined regimens. The main histopathological findings of the organs of mice infected with KMC 1113 were diffuse proliferative changes in lungs as well as granulomatous changes in the liver, spleens and kidneys. The groups treated with EB·SM·E RFP and TH·ESM·ERFP showed less significant histopathological changes in lungs compared with other mice.
In the present experiments, the combined regimens of EB·ESM·ERFP and TH·ESM·ERFP were more effective than RFP alone and INH·SM·RFP.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5992K) -
平野 雄一郎, 永井 正規, 柳川 洋1982 年 57 巻 7 号 p. 379-385
発行日: 1982/07/15
公開日: 2011/05/24
ジャーナル フリーThe changes in the number of beds for tuberculosis (Tb.) in the national sanatoria and in the features of Tb. patients admitted to the national sanatoria over the 20-year-period from 1960 to 1980 were analyzed. The statistical data were obtained from the Annual Reports of National Sanatoria in Japan. The results were summerized as follows:
1) The prevalence rate of Tb. patients admitted to hospitals or sanatoria in Japan has been decreasing exponentially during the past 20 years at the same rate as of the prevalence of Tb. based on the annual statistics obtained from the Tb. register. The proportion of patients admitted to the national anatoria has been 25-30%, although it has been slightly increasing in the recent years.
2) The number of beds for Tb. in Japan, of which 25-30% were occupied by the national sanatoria, has also been decreasing as seen in the number of patients.
3) The average duration of hospitalization in the national sanatoria has always been longer than that in other institutions. The reason is possibly the difference in the proportion of aged patients and those with various complications.
4) The number of beds per population is high in Shikoku and Kyushu regions, and low in Kanto shinetsu and Tohoku regions. The regional difference in the number of the beds per population in the national sanatoria coincides with that of the prevalence rate of Tb.
5) Although the percentage of the patients over 60 years of age has increased in all regions during the last 10 years, the duration of hospitalization has decreased in all regions due to the extensive use of potent chemotherapy for Tb. The regional difference in the duration of hospitalization, however, correlates well with that of the percentage of the patients over 60 years of age.
6) From the results thus obtained, it was suggested that the increase of the aged patients, the increase of the patients with serious complications along with the changes in the implementation of the geriatric welfare programs and other social conditions should be taken into consideration for the future planning of Tb. control programs including the estimation of the necessary number of Tb. beds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1307K) -
第1報肺, 肺外および両者合併病巣を有する結核症の致命率稲本 元1982 年 57 巻 7 号 p. 387-392
発行日: 1982/07/15
公開日: 2011/05/24
ジャーナル フリーAn epidemiological study was made in the fatality of tuberculosis in order to clarify the severity of three different types of tuberculosis in dialysis patients.
Study subjects were 7, 274 dialysis patients including 150 tuberculosis treated in 161 institutions throughout Japan. Among 150 tuberculosis patients, the sites of involvement were documented in 137 cases.
The fatality was 15.5% in 58 tuberculosis cases with solely pulmonary lesions. It was as high as 44.4% in 27 cases with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with extrapulmonary lesions, while it was 9.6% in 52 cases with solely extrapulmonary lesions. Organs frequently involved not only among patients with combined pulmonary and extrapulmonary involvements, but also among patients died of all three types of tuberculosis were liver, spleen, bone marrow, pancreas, trachea and adrenal gland, etc. These organs were rarely involved among tuberculosis patients survived and in the past history of tuberculosis of dialysis patients. Another group of organs were kidney, urinary tract, pleura, mesenterium and bone and joint. They were involved in the past episode of tuberculosis and were frequently seen in the survivers of all three types of tuberculosis as well as in patients with solely extrapulmonary lesions. When the former group of organs were involved, tuberculosis process can be evaluated as severer.
Further, the more the number of organs involved, the higher the fatality of tuberculosis. The mean number of organs involved was 3.6 per patient in patients with combined pulmonary and extra pulmonary involvements, while it was 1.2 per patient in patients with solely extrapulmonary lesions, and was naturally 1.0 in patients with solely pulmonary lesions. These facts might be reflected in the high fatality rate of patients with combined pulmonary and extrapulmonary lesions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (887K) -
第2部症例3について馬場 治賢, 吾妻 洋, 井槌 六郎, 手塚 毅, 田島 洋1982 年 57 巻 7 号 p. 393-397
発行日: 1982/07/15
公開日: 2011/05/24
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岩崎 龍郎1982 年 57 巻 7 号 p. 399-407
発行日: 1982/07/15
公開日: 2011/05/24
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2287K)
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