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Volume 58, Issue 7
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[in Japanese]1983 Volume 58 Issue 7 Pages 371-378
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1206K) -
Michio TSUKAMURA, Shoji MIZUNO1983 Volume 58 Issue 7 Pages 379-384
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn vitro antituberculous action of minocycline hydrochloride was studied using the H37Rvstrain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 23 strains isolated from tuberculous patients. Minocycline inhibited growth of the H37Rv strain on the Ogawa egg medium at a concentration of 2 μg/ml, when small inoculations composed of 18 to 92 viable units were used (Table1).
Only a streptomycin-resistant strain isolated from the H37Rv by ‘one step-selection’ with1, 000 pg of streptomycin per ml tended to show a little higher resistance (Table 1). Minocycline inhibited growth of M. tuberculosis strains isolated from patients at concentrationsof 2.5 to 5 μg/ml (Table 2).
Bactericidal activities of various antituberculous agents were compared with the actionof minocycline. The bactericidal action showed, from the strongest, the following order: Isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin and minocycline (Fig. 1). Bactericidal activity to killmore than 70% of organisms after contract with agent for 24 hours was 0.1μg for isoniazidperml, 1μg for rifampicin per ml, 1μg for streptomycin perml, respectively. Minocyclinedid not show such activity even at a concentration of 10μg/ml. However, slight bactericidalactivity was shown also in this agent (Fig. 1).
For testing the bactericidal activity of minocycline, both 6-day-old and 14-day-old cultureswere used. The growth phase of these cultures are shown in Fig. 2. No significant differencewas observed between these two cultures as to the bactericidal action of mynocycline.
In conclusion, minocycline showed considerable bacteriostatic activity on M. tuberculosis.
It may be useful for chemotherapy of tuberculosis as an accessory agent.View full abstractDownload PDF (844K) -
6. A Study on Experimental Murine Mycobacterium fortuitum Infection and a Trial of ChemotherapyFumiyuki KUZE, Youngchol LEE, Nobuo MAEKAWA, Yasuhiro SUZUKI1983 Volume 58 Issue 7 Pages 385-393
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChemotherapeutic effects To sulfisoxazole (SIZ), KM-ETH, and KM-ESIZ were evaluated ona murine experimental M. fortuitum infection using large intravenous inocula of M. fortuitum, TMC 1529 (ATCC 6841).
The strain produced highly uniform and advanced kidney lesions (abscess) two to four weeks after the infection, and “spinning disease” was observed in some of the mice, thoughthe incidence was relatively low. Body weights of the mice decreased conspicuously shortlyafter the infection and the nadir was observed around two to three weeks after the infection.
The gradual uprise was observed thereafter, although they never reached normal levels duringthe experimental period. Spontaneous regressions of the kidney lesions were suggested byfrequent recognitions of cicatricial residues at the final autopsy (at the 7th week after infection). These findings were demonstrated also in the three treated groups, and the in vivo effectsof KM-ETH, SIZ and KM-ESIZ were all equivocal and definite conclusions were not obtained, although macroscopic kidney lesions as well as microscopic liver, spleen and kidney lesionstended to be less extensive in the groups treated with KM-ETH and KM-ESIZ. The number ofculturable bacilli in the kidney beyond 5 days after the infection differ widely from kidneyto kidney even in the untreated group, and it was difficult to use the numbers of recoveredbacilli from kidneys as an index of in vivo effects of the regimens tested.
An additional evaluation of culturable bacilli from lungs, spleens and kidneys of ddYconventional mice at more frequent intervals in a relatively short period of time after infectiondemonstrated a rapid decrease of culturable bacilli in these three organs simultaneously andrecovered bacilli were negligible beyond seven days after the infection.
Macroscopic kidney lesions could be used as an index for future in vivo evaluation ofthe drugs against M. fortuitum infection, although meticulous comparisons between untreatedand treated mice seem to be necessary. However, the tendency of spontaneous regression ofthe kidney lesions, and of a rapid decrease of culturable bacilli from the organs of mice ina week or so with unpredictable recoveries of bacilli from kidney beyond the period demonstrated in the two experiments herein presented demand further studies for making moresuitable models of M. fortuitum infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (4915K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1983 Volume 58 Issue 7 Pages 395-400
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPostvaccination tuberculin reactions among infants and primary school entrants wereobserved in an area where BCG vaccination with multipuncture method had been given, practically only once in early childhood, and where postvaccination tuberculin testing had beenrepeated rather arbitrarily at varying intervals. Many of the vaccinated children were followedup in this way until the entrance of primary school. A total of 2, 085 tuberculin reactions tothe first post-vaccination test at varying intervals after vaccination showed a trend of waningof the tuberculin hypersensitivity, i. e. starting with the highest level of 16.0 mm in the meanerythema diameter with in six months after the vaccination to decrease to the minimum of 8.7mm at the sixtieth month or later. However, it was found that the school entrants who hadever been tested before showed stronger reactions than those who had never been tested, themean erythema size of the former being about 16 mm, irrespective of the numbers of intervening tuberculin tests and of the intervals between the last test and the test at the school entrancethat was at the longest three years. These findings confirm the phenomenon long known asboosting or the “restorative effect” of the postvaccination tuberculin testing to the tuberculin hypersensitivity caused by BCG vaccination. It may have serious implications on thecurrent revaccination scheme of Japan and also on the interpretation of the results of repeatedtests for mass examination as well as individual contact examination which has become anestablished routine in the tuberculosis service.View full abstractDownload PDF (896K) -
Hirokazu HORIKOSHI, Tsuneo HANAJIMA, Takeko MORITA, Toru SHIRAISH, Yas ...1983 Volume 58 Issue 7 Pages 401-406
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rare case of atypical mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis in an adult was reported.
A 33-year-old man noted a painful mass at the right angle of mandible. He had been treatedwith combined regimen composed of rifampicin (RFP), isoniazid (INH) and streptomycinagainst pulmonary infiltration for four months. He had overworked for a few months andfelt very much tired. His tuberculin reaction converted to negative by that time. The massrapidly expanded downwards while pulmonary infiltration was improving. Puncture of the massrevealed acid fast bacilli on smear and later confirmed by culture as M. aviumintracellularecomplex. He was treated initially with combined regimen composed of RFP, INH, ethambutoland Cycloserine, subsequently composed of RFP, minocycline and Maruyama vaccine undera diagnosis of atypical mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis. The infection was cured and nosign of its recurrence has been seen yet.Considering his overwork and negative conversion of the Mantoux reaction, it is thoughtthat a temporary decrease of resistance (mainly cellular immunity) was correlated to theclinical manifestation of this disease in adults.View full abstractDownload PDF (4697K)
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