結核
Online ISSN : 1884-2410
Print ISSN : 0022-9776
ISSN-L : 0022-9776
63 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1~6を表示しています
  • 中川 英雄
    1988 年 63 巻 10 号 p. 629-643
    発行日: 1988/10/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    Interaction between RFP and PAS was reported first in 1970 by Boman et al., however, this suggestion was completely retracted in 1975 by their following investigations; namely it depends on the physical property of the used PAS product, but not on PAS itself. In order to confirm their reports, this study was done by means of multiple determinations of the serum levels of RFP and PAS, and their urinary excretions after the simultaneous oral administration of both drugs. Various PAS products, i.e. PAS-Na xtal, PAS-Na tablet, PAS-Ca granule and PAS-bentonite granule were tested in this investigation. Under the simultaneous administration of 450mg RFP with 10g PAS-Ca granules, RFP absorption was markedly inhibited by PAS in all tested 12 healthy volunteers. The inhibition of RFP absorption by PAS was comfirmed by detailed investigations of the serial urinary excretion of RFP and PAS.The inhibitory action of RFP on the PAS absorption was also observed, however, it was very slight. These results suggest that the absorption of PAS from the alimental tract was much faster than that of RFP, under the competitive absorption of both drugs.The grade of inhibitory action of tested PAS products was highes in PAS-bentonite granule, then PAS-Ca granule, PAS-Na tablet and lowest in PAS-Na xtal. The inhibition of RFP absorption by the dominant fast absorption of PAS seems to be recovered in the following stage, but not completely. This indicates the importance of the active absorption of the drugs in the early stage. In two or three divided doses of 10g PAS-Ca granules, the inhibitory action of PAS was diminished in proportion to the reduced dosage of PAS given with RFP. The PAS absorption from the alimentary tract was very fast irrespective of the PAS products, and the urinary excretion of PAS was also rapid. The content of free PAS in the blood almost disappeared within 4 hours in case of the dosage of one thirds of 10 g PAS-Ca granules, 6 hours in case of 5g dosage, and 8 hours in cace of 10g dosage, respectively. Thus, it must be mentioned that the metabolism of PAS was accelerated with its divided doses, and a single dose of daily PAS might better be recommended. If a single dose of daily PAS is given in combination with RFP, PAS should be given about 2 hours after the administration of RFP, as it is already completely absorbed by this time.
  • 井村 价雄, 大塚 十九郎, 山本 弘, 久木田 利子
    1988 年 63 巻 10 号 p. 645-650
    発行日: 1988/10/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    Pulmonary detachment (tentative term) consisting of ablation as a main technique and decortication as an adjunct was performed on 24 patients with chronic empyema during the period between 1975 and 1983. The results of surgery were analysed in relation to disease type, age, state of pulmonary collapse, and pulmonary function and an attempt was made to find out causes of failure in the first stage surgery. Our results suggest that the pulmonary detachment should be confind to cases with difficulty for pulmonary decortication, total empyema, pulmonary function of % VC>60 and FEV1.0%>70, absence of a marked disturbance in gas exchange, and pulmonary collapse index 0.5 or higher on the chest X-ray film. Furthermore, it is underlined that for patients who have risk to develop insufficiency of pulmonary expansion after surgery by this technique, the concurrentuse of extraperiosteal detachment is effective in preventing a new fisula, thereby increasing the success rate of the first stage surgery.
  • 束村 道雄
    1988 年 63 巻 10 号 p. 651-659
    発行日: 1988/10/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    In1969, Tsukamura (9) divided the species Nocardia asteroides into two species, N. asteroides sensu stricto and N. farcinica. The N. asteroides strains reported in clinical observations are considered to belong to either N. asteroides sensu stricto or N. farcinica. The studies of Berd (10), Holm (11) and Tsukamura (12) showed that the percentage of the real N. asteroides strains is about 50% (Table1). Reported cases of human nocardiosis are summarized in Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5. In contrast to nontuberculous mycobacteriosis, the nocardiosis contains much more patients who have had an immunodeficiency state, and it is suggested that there are more such cases in Japan. The nocardiae are found commonly in the soil and therefore the source of infection to humans is considered to be environment. Both the mycobacteria and nocardiae are found very commonly in our environment. However, the mycobacteria infect humans more frequently than the nocardiae do. This fact suggests that the nocardiae are less virulent to humans than the mycobacteria.
    Thus, the nocardiae infect humans more frequently on the basis of immunodeficiency which resulted in the nocardial infection often fatal. Trimethoprim/sulf amethoxazole and minocycline seem to be effective in the treatment of nocardiosis in non-immunodefiency patients.
  • 滝口 恭男, 吉田 康秀, 篠崎 俊秀, 河内山 資朗, 山口 哲生, 長尾 啓一, 栗山 喬之, 中川 康次
    1988 年 63 巻 10 号 p. 661-666
    発行日: 1988/10/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    A case of tuberculous pericarditis successfully treated with anti-tuberculous drugs and pericardiectomy was reported. A61-year-old male was admitted because of cough with bloody sputum and dyspnea on exercise. Chest X-rays and thoracic CT scan revealed pleural effusion, pericardial effusion and thickened pericardium. His clinical symptoms and signs suggested cardiac tamponade. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected from pericardial effusion obtained by pericardiocentesis. The diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis was confirmed. Anti-tuberculous therapy consisting of INH, RFP and EB was started and continuous drainage of pericardial effusion was performed. However, the drainage was not successful because of the high viscosity of the pericardial fluid. Then pericardiectomy was carried out by a median sternotomy method. After the operation his general condition had markedly improved and the pericardial effusion disappeared. In conclusion the pericardiectomy should be tried for tuberculous pericarditis when therapy with anti-tuberculous drugs and pericardial tube drainage are not effective.
  • 斎藤 肇
    1988 年 63 巻 10 号 p. 667-685
    発行日: 1988/10/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 厚生省保健医療局結核難病感染症課編
    1988 年 63 巻 10 号 p. 693-694
    発行日: 1988/10/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
feedback
Top