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Volume 68, Issue 1
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[in Japanese]1993 Volume 68 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
Published: January 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (572K) -
Toshio YAMAZAKI, Hiroshi TAKAHASHI, Reiko M. NAKAMURA1993 Volume 68 Issue 1 Pages 5-11
Published: January 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDNA-DNA hybridization was applied for identification of mycobacteria and developed as a kit “microplate hybridization kit” (refers to MPHD) by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co. We received test samples of the microplates from the company and examined them for their and reliability using 180 mycobacterial strains of 21 species kept in our laboratory. The results of identification by MPHD were 100% identical to those of biochemical identification in the type or reference strains of mycobacteria, showing good reliability of MPHD method. Among clinical isolates, there were six M. tuberculosis strains which did not show typical characteristics for M. tuberculosis, i. e., niacin test negative or nitrate reduction weak positive, but all of these were identified as M. tuberculosis complex by MPHD method. Some strains from clinical isolates showed difference in identification between MPHD and biochemical methods: M. avium complex, identified biochemically were divided into M. avium and M. intracellulare by MPHD, M. fortuitum complex by biochemical identification were distinguished as M. fortuitum and M. chelonae by MPHD. Further, M. chelonae were separated into M. chelonae subsp. chelonae and M. chelonae subsp. abscessus by MPHD. M. peregrinum has been considered as a synonym of M. fortuitum, but we could distinguish M. peregrinum from M. fortuitum clearly by MPHD method. Thus, it is suggested that M. peregrinum and M. fortuitum are different species.
Keys for getting reliable results using the MPHD kit are (1) appropriate amount of bacteria for use, (2) purification of DNA, (3) enough deproteinization, and (4) appropriate timing to read colorimetry measurement of the plate.View full abstractDownload PDF (2511K) -
Setsuko YAMAMOTO, Masako WADA, Ichiro TOIDA1993 Volume 68 Issue 1 Pages 13-21
Published: January 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNumerous studies on the natural history of HIV-infection have revealed that the number of CD4+T lymphocytes in peripheral blood was the most important determining factor for the occurrence of various opportunistic infections and the most reliable prognosis indicator for the progression of HIV-infection to AIDS. It is also generally accepted that CD4+T lymphocytes are the key cells in protective immunity in tuberculosis. Basing on these knowledges, we tried to analyze the significance of the number of CD4+T lymphocyte in the development of clinical tuberculosis from latent infection with tubercle bacilli.
Of 84 tuberculosis patients, younger than 70 years old, who had been analyzed lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry (FACS), six patients (one female, five males) had remarkably reduced number of CD4+T lymphocytes (≤250 cells/mm3) by their first FACS analysis after diagnosis. Any obvious risk behavior and/or habit was noticed in none of the six patients, three of whom were in the twenties.
FACS analyses of these six cases revealed that:
1) The proportion of total lymphocytes to total leukocytes was remarkably lower than that of tuberculosis patients as a whole as well as than that of healthy control group.
2) The numbers of total lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and CD4+Tlymphocytes were all far below the normal range. (mean)2-SD of the control group).
3) The proportion of CD8+T lymphocytes to total lymphocytes was higher in five of these six cases, but the number of CD8+T lymphocytes was lower in all six than the respeCtive mean value of the control group.
4) CD4+/CD8+ratio was lower than 1 except in two cases.
In two cases, FACS analysis was carried out rather long after the diagnosis and the judgement was difficult, but the remaining four patients developed their tuberculosis with uncommon and/or very severe clinical features, such as miliary tuberculosis, bI3 type, acute relapse of tuberculosis complicated with aspergillosis and “adult type” pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied with exudative pleurisy, and we judged that the defective cellular immunity, as revealed by remarkably reduced number of CIA+ T lymphocytes, was the main determining factor for the development of their tuberculosis.
In addition, all six cases showed more or less unfavorable clinical course and/or bad prognosis (one: death of tuberculosis, one: death of pulmonary aspergillosis) even under intensified anti-tuberculosis therapy. The reduced number of CIA+T lymphocytes might be considerd as the important determining factor, or, at the least, can be useful as the prognosis indicator for such unfavorable clinical course and prognosis.
Possible applications of monitoring of CD4+T lymphocytes in treatment and control of the patients with tuberculosis were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1455K) -
Value of Shosaikoto and Hochuekito as Anti-allergic AgentsHideki ONODERA, Yoshihiro KASAMATSU, Shoji TSUJIMOTO, Shuhei TAKEMURA, ...1993 Volume 68 Issue 1 Pages 23-29
Published: January 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA clinical course of pulmonary tuberculosis was reported about adverse reaction of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy.
A fifty-eight-year-old male patient was complicated with aganulocytosis induced by RFP, hepatic dysfunction and systemic eruption induced by INH, and high fever induced by SM.
Adjuvant therapy with Shosaikoto and Hochuekito suppressed INH induced hepato-dermatological toxicosis moderately and suppressed SM induced high fever completely. By these anti-allergic therapy, combined chemotherapy with SM, EB, PAS and PZA became possible during more than six months, and chemotherapeutic effect was marked.
This case report suggested possibility and significance of those Kampo agents against serious allergic reaction complicated with the chemotherapy for pulmonary tuberculosisView full abstractDownload PDF (4674K) -
1993 Volume 68 Issue 1 Pages 31-84
Published: January 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (7793K)
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