結核
Online ISSN : 1884-2410
Print ISSN : 0022-9776
ISSN-L : 0022-9776
73 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1~6を表示しています
  • 螺良 英郎
    1998 年 73 巻 4 号 p. 283-286
    発行日: 1998/04/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    I started my medical career as medical mycologist following the first case of deepseated candidiasis in Japan. On the other hand I have been seening many patients with tuberculosis as well as respiratory diseases.
    In my sense the seening of mycobacterial infections may, still remain lot of clinical, biological or immunological research ideas in future. I did the studies on muramyl dipeptide (MDP) which derived from cell wall substance of mycobacteria.
    MDP seemed to be one of the enhancing immunomodulator for host defense mechanism in particular in the immunocompromised host.
  • 発症素因と環境について
    島津 和泰, 中川 義久, 蛯原 桃子, 阿萬 久美子, 瀬戸 真由美, 正木 孝幸
    1998 年 73 巻 4 号 p. 287-293
    発行日: 1998/04/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    We studied the background of 78 patients with pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis from 1992 to 1996, and 56 patients (71.8%) were diagnosed as primary infection type and 22 patients (28.2%) as secondary infection type. The former consisted of 17 males and 39 females (mean age ±SD ; 67.4±12.9 years), and the latter consisted of 13 males and 9 females (mean age ±SD ; 74.0±7.5 years). Out of all 83 strains, 67 strains (80.7%) were M. avium complex, and out of 36 strains identified either M. avium or M.intracellulare, 34 strains (94.4%) were M. intracellulare and 2 strains (5.6%) were M. avium. Many patients lived in farming areas along the coast, and 35 patients (62.5%) of primary infection type and 11 patients (50%) of secondary infection type were or used to be farmers. Nine patients (16.1%) of primary infection type and 6 patients (27, 3%) of secondary infection type had history of gastroduodenal ulcer, while only 3 of all 78 patients had sinusitis. There was a married couple who lived in a same house and 2 sisters who lived apart who were proved to have primary infection type but cross infection was not demonstrated in either case.
    The development of this disease seems to be related to a genetic susceptibility and environmental factors.
  • 西川 慶一郎
    1998 年 73 巻 4 号 p. 295-306
    発行日: 1998/04/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The characteristic lipids and specific surface antigens which typify serotypes of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) serogroup have been examined. The characteristic lipids are recognized as glycopeptidolipid (GPL) antigen consisted of shortchain acylated oligosaccharides linked to long-chain fatty acyl-D-Phe-D-allo Thr-D-Ala -L-alaninol-O-3, 4-di-O-methyl rhamnose ‘core’. The lack of information on the properties of GPL antigen from serovar 16 and a large number of patients infected with MAC serovar 16 have prompted an examination of the chemical structures utilizing the analytical techniques of alditol acetates with GC or GC/MS, and making use of FAB/MS and 11-I-NMR to analyze the intact GPLs. The following structure of serovar 16 GPL antigen was proposed with molecular weight: 1933, main fatty acyl component: OH-C32: 0, and oligosaccharides:
    3-amido (2'-methyl, 3'-hydroxy, 4'-methoxy pentanoyl) 3, 6-dideoxy hexose 4-0-methyl-L-rhamnose L-rhamnose L-rhamnose 6-deoxy-L-talose
    The unique structure may be an important factor in physiological and pathological roles. The GPL antigens were highly reactive in ELISA against sera from rabbits hyperimmunized with MAC strains, indicating its basic antigenicity. The type-specific antigen of serovar 16 was also specifically reactive against sera from patients infected with MAC serovar 16, but invariant core was not. Apparently, the epitope of GPL antigen of serovar 16 was specific oligosaccharides, 3-amido (2'-methyl, 3'-hydroxy, 4'-methoxy pentanoyl) 3, 6-dideoxy hexose. It was found that the ELISA using GPL antigens was particularly useful for the serovar diagnosis of human infections with MAC.
  • 内藤 隆志, 大塚 盛男, 石川 博一, 佐藤 浩昭, 長谷川 鎭雄
    1998 年 73 巻 4 号 p. 307-314
    発行日: 1998/04/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    To evaluate whether lymphocyte chemotactic factor is involved in the accumulation of lymphocytes in tuberculous pleurisy, we measured lymphocyte chemotactic activity in tuberculous pleural effusions, and compared with that in malignant pleural effusions and transudate.
    The lymphocyte chemotactic activity was measured in vitro with chemotactic chamber. The cells suspended in the culture medium was added to the upper well and the effusions, normal human serum (NHS), or culture medium were placed below nitrocellulose filter. The lymphocyte migration was quantified by counting the number of cells migrating beyond a distance of 70 pm from top of the filter in 5 selected fields. The chemotactic activity of the effusions was expressed as a percentage of the control migration in the culture medium. When we used the freshly isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes as responding cells, the chemotactic activity was 176.0 ± 41.3% in tuberculous effusions, 115.1 ± 53.8% in malignant effusions, 87.1 ± 16.1% in transudate, and 113.3 ± 24.2% in NHS, respectively. The activity of tuberculous effusions was significantly higher than that of transudate and NHS. When we used PHA-ctivated lymphocytes, the activity was 284.4 ± 159.3% in tuberculous effusions, 123.1 ± 77.6% in malignant effusions, 75.8 ± 10.3% in transudate, and 52.6 ± 10.1% in NHS, respectively. The activity of tuberculous effusions was significantly higher than that of malignant effusions, transudate and NHS. The chemotactic activity of tuberculous effusions to PHA-activated lymphocytes was significantly higher than that to freshly isolated lymphocytes. The activity was specific for T lymphocytes, and showed both chemotaxis and chemokinesis by checkerboard analysis. Gel filtration performed with Sephacryl S-200 revealed that the chemotactic activities in a tuberculous fluid had three peaks located in the regions between blue dextran and immunoglobulin G, near to human albumin and cytochrome c marker. The most potent activity was found at the region near human albumin.
    Lymphocyte chemotactic factor in tuberculous effusion may stimulate the migration of T lymphocytes, especially the activated T lymphocytes to the pleural spaces.
  • 井上 哲郎, 池田 宣昭, 倉澤 卓也, 佐藤 敦夫, 中谷 光一, 池田 雄史
    1998 年 73 巻 4 号 p. 315-320
    発行日: 1998/04/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    A 75-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with complaints of fever and cough. Chest X-ray showed infiltrative shadows with cavity, and sputum smears were positive for acid-fast bacilli. About 2 months after the initiation of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy, suddenly generalized convulsion occurred. CT of the brain showed the solitary mass with the ring enhancement in the left subcortical area. About 4 weeks later, brain aspiration drainage was performed and pus was aspirated. He was diagnosed as intracranial tuberculous abscess. After the drainage, neurological symptoms disappeared completely and there were no recurrence of abscess. Attention should be called to the complication of intracranial tuberculosis, especially in cases worsened during anti-tuberculous chemotherapy.
  • 厚生省保健医療局結核感染症課編
    1998 年 73 巻 4 号 p. 325-327
    発行日: 1998/04/15
    公開日: 2011/05/24
    ジャーナル フリー
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