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Volume 75, Issue 8
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Shuichi YANO, Shinji SHISHIDO, Masaaki MIKAMI, Kanako KOBAYASHI, Hirok ...2000 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 493-498
Published: August 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the baseline values of tuberculin reaction, two-step tuberculin skin testing was carried out in 365 employees of our hospital. We defined strongly response group when the size of erythema showed more than 30 mm or who showed strongly positive reaction. Two-step tuberculin skin testing was carried out in 165 hospital employees excluding those who were defined as the strongly response group in the first testing. 80 hospital employees (48.5%) became strongly response group by the second tuberculin skin testing. Altogether, 76.7% of all employees were strongly response group either by the first time or the second tuberculin skin testing. The size of erythema and that of induration showed 13.2±12.6mm (mean±SD), 6.9±9.2mm increase, respectively, in the two-step tuberculin skin testing, so-called Booster phenomenon. We could not know the true tuberculin reaction status by the single tuberculin skin testing. Therefore, two tuberculin skin testing is important as one of an infection prevention countermeasures in the hospital workers.View full abstractDownload PDF (618K) -
Yoshihiro KOBASHI, Hirohide YONEYAMA, Niro OKIMOTO, Toshiharu MATSUSHI ...2000 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 499-504
Published: August 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo determine changes in the clinical features of recent patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in a community hospital without restricted tuberculosis wards, the clinical findings of 112 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (containing miliary tuberculosis) during the past 15 years were compared by dividing the patients into three groups, each encompassing a five-year period.
Recently, the number of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be increasing in a community hospital. In particular, the percentages of elderly patients and smear positive patients have increased. However, because of the improving awareness on tuberculosis, we have diagnosed TB cases correctly on admission and tended to perform the appropriate treatment. The comparative study between pulmonary tuberculosis patients diagnosed at the outpatients department and diagnosed after admission indicated that the patients diagnosed after admission showed pneumonia-like infiltrative shadows without cavity formation and lower smear positivity for tubercle. Fortunately, resistance to antituberculous drugs of isolated tubercle bacilli in our community hospital has not yet increased and the prognosis of the cases proved to be good when the appropriate treatment was performed at an early stage.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K) -
Fumio YAMAGISHI, Yuka SASAKI, Takenori YAGI, Hideki YAMATANI, Fuminobu ...2000 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 505-509
Published: August 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied whether diabetics who are one of the high risk groups of developing pulmonary tuberculosis had undergone chest X-ray examination periodically. The feasibility of chemoprophylaxis in diabetics was also studied by investigating whether fibrotic lesions of tuberculosis can be found on previous chest X-ray films of these patients.
Of the pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to our hospital for treatment, 78 patients complicated with diabetes mellitus were enrolled in this study. As to the mode of detection, the majority, 63 cases, are discovered, by undergoing medical examination because of respiratory symptoms, followed by 8 patients in whom pulmonary tuberculosis was found by health examination and only 1 patient was found by the periodic observation of diabetes mellitus.
Of the 57 patients receiving the original treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis preceded by the discovery of diabetes mellitus, only 15 (26%) had undergone chest X-ray examination periodically. This fact shows that physicians treating diabetes mellitus have only a little concern on tuberculosis, thus the re-training of physicians dealing with diabetics on tuberculosis is considered to be necessary. According to chest X-ray films of 21 patients who had undergone chest X-ray examination and in whom the previous films were available, there were 6 patients without any lesion of pulmonary tuberculosis, 8 patients with fibrotic lesions and 7 patients with active lesions. The 8 patients showing fibrotic lesions have developed pulmonary tuberculosis on the average 15 years after they were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, and the fact suggests that the prevention of the development of pulmonary tuberculosis among diabetics could be possible by chemoprophylaxis.View full abstractDownload PDF (629K) -
Akira SUDA, Kiminori SUZUKI, Akimitsu SHIMURA, Tatsuhiro NAKATANI, Tor ...2000 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 511-516
Published: August 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, an outbreak of lung tuberculosis among elderly residents happened in the home for aged, and it has become a social problem. To analyze the problem of tuberculosis in the elderly persons, we performed two-step tuberculin tests at two weeks interval and gamma-interferon assays for diagnosis of human tuberculosis to residents in the home for aged. 45 males (age; 77.3±8.9 SD) and 118 females (age; 81.9±8.6 SD) elderly persons (≥60) were examined. Standard dose of PPD was injected intracutaneously, and read at 48 hours. Erythema of 10 mm diameter or more was considered positive. The results were as follows. (1) The percentages of positive reactors in the 1 st (Ti) and the 2 nd (T2) tuberculin tests were 50.3% and 68.1%, respectively. (2) The diameters of erythema and percentage of positive reactors (Ti) did not vary with age, but the size of erythema increased from 13.5 mm (Ti) to 21.2 mm (T2) among those below 80 years, and from 13.0 mm (Ti) to 16.4 mm (T2) among those 80 years or higher (p<0.01). (3) The percentage of positive reactors (T1) varied by sex, namely males react stronger than females. (4) A dose of interferon-α released specifically in response to PPD stimulation of whole blood cultures showed no close relation with the diameters of erythema.
In conclusion, tuberculin reactivity waned among elderly persons, and the fact suggests that they would have lower resistance against new infections, and as a result, they might have higher risk of developing tuberculosis. Elderly residents should be performed two-step tuberculin tests at the time of their entrance to the home for aged, and negative reactors should carefully be followed up.View full abstractDownload PDF (694K) -
STUDY ON RECOMBINANT BCGTakeshi YAMADA2000 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 517-520
Published: August 15, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe progress of study on recombinant BCG was stated briefly. And then our studies on recombinant BCG were mentioned. Recombinant BCG secreting α antigen-fused merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP 1) was prepared and tested for its ability to control infections of Plasmodium yoelii. Result turned out it controlled the infection better than recombinant MSP 1 mixed with Freund incomplete adjuvant did. Recombinant BCG secreting excess amounts of antigen 85 complex A controlled infection of Mycobacterium leprae. Addition of recombinant BCG secreting α antigen-fused IL-2 to peritoneal exudate cells induced IFN-γ resulting in killing bladder cancer cells more efficiently than parental BCG did.View full abstractDownload PDF (462K)
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