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Volume 82, Issue 10
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Yuka SASAKI, Fumio YAMAGISHI, Takenori YAGI, Tomohiro HASHIMOTO, Rei B ...2007 Volume 82 Issue 10 Pages 733-739
Published: October 15, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS[Purpose] To examine the clinical problem of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
[Methods] Clinical findings of pulmonary tuberculosis in elderly patients, who admitted to our hospital from 2001 to 2003, were analyzed in their status, complication, treatment, and prognosis.
[Results] There were 145 patients, and the early elders from 65 to 74 years old were 67, and the latter elders over 75 years old were 78. Most of the cases were treated by the standard tuberculosis treatment, but in the latter elders, less patients were treated by the short course treatment with PZA than the early elders. The rate of negative conversion of sputum culture was good in both the early and the latter elders who were able to continue treatment. But, the elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients were severe status and their prognosis was in general not good. The elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients needed frequent care continuously. Tuberculosis problem should be understood more correctly in the medical and the nursing facilities.View full abstractDownload PDF (3339K) -
Yuko KAZUMI, Tadashi UDAGAWA, Shinji MAEDA, Yoshirou MURASE, Isamu SUG ...2007 Volume 82 Issue 10 Pages 741-748
Published: October 15, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS[Objectives] Comparison of usefulness of ISI245RFLP and VNTR in M. avium genotyping.
[Materials and methods] Th irty-six cases (55 strains) from sputum and BALF and twelve cases (29 strains) isolated from blood of HIV-infected patients were used. VNTR and RFLP using ISI245 were performed.
[Result] Multipl e samples were taken from 16 patients and 52 clinical isolates were used for VNTR and RFLP for comparison. (1) VNTR and RFLP results were identical in 12out of 16 cases whose samples were collected several times. (2)Eight isolates were obtained from one patient. In this eight isolates, there were the cases of M. avium polyclonal infection and of mixed infection with M. intracellulare. VNTR patterns were two types and RFLP were 5 kinds of different in this case. (3) VNTR patterns of six isolates from one H1V-infected patient were identical, but there were three variations in RFLP patterns.
There were three cases of mixed infections with M. tuberculosis or M. intracellulare, and six strains polyclonal infection of M. avium (7.1%) in 84 isolates. These 6 clinical isolates were derived from sputum or BALF (5 strains) and HIVinfected blood (one strain).
VNTR patterns w ere similar in four pairs (9 strains) who did not contact closely, but they were distinguished clearly by RFLP. Seventeen strains had three or less ISI245-related bands in RFLP analyses of 89 strains.
[Discussion] As there is a possibility of polyclonal infection with M. avium and mixed infection with other species, the single clonal infection should be confirmed first by VNTR. When single colony was obtained, VNTR and RFLP were performed for genotyping of M. avium. Furthermore, strains with less bands by RFLP should be carefully judged in terms of both VNTR and RFLP. It is recommended that the specimens should be collected from each patient several times.View full abstractDownload PDF (6910K) -
OUTBREAKS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN FACILITIES USED BY AN UNSPECIFIED NUMBER OF PEOPLE NEAR A TRAIN STATIONSetsuko KINOSHITA, Masako OHMORI, Kazuhide TSUKAMOTO, Goro OHTSUKA, Ma ...2007 Volume 82 Issue 10 Pages 749-757
Published: October 15, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS[Objectives] To report on the mass outbreak of tuberculosis (TB) in an urban area and to discuss current issues regarding the problem of TB in the metropolis.
[Materials and Methods] Case st udies were mainly carried out. Discussions on the route of infection are based on the results of DNA fingerprinting analysis for M. tuberculosis and on information obtained by epidemiological research.
[Results] In an approximately 500-meter vicinity around Kawasaki Station in Kawasaki City, nine incidences of people contracting TB were reported during the period of one year and five months starting February 2005. Seven of the nine patients were resistant for streptomycin, and the tubercle bacilli of five patients showed identical patterns based on DNA fingerprinting analysis. These nine patients were relatively young, ranging from 16 years to 55 years in age, and three of the patients were homeless. The area for daily activities for all nine patients is a neighborhood of Kawasaki Station. Based on results from an epidemiologic survey, it is suspected that nine patients had come into contact with each other TB patient in places such as “Net cafes” before they developed TB.
[Discussion] Based on the epidemiological and bacteriological results, the route of infection related to this series of TB outbreak is considered to be facilities used by an unspecified number of people such as “Net cafes.” Such “Net cafes” are open 24 hours a day and are used by an unspecified number of people, who go to such places to Internet or enjoy comic books. Recently, there are many “Net cafes”in the city, and has become to be used as temporary places to sleep, not only by young people but also by socially vulnerable people, such as the homeless. This study suggests that infection can happen easily once someone begins to discharge TB bacilli in such environments, due to young people, who for the most part are not infected with TB bacilli, and high-risk people, who have higher probability of developing the disease, sharing a closed space for a long period of time. Such social environments may also affect the distribution of TB to lean towards urban areas. The TB control program in the metropolis should be planned and carried out giving consideration to social aspects.View full abstractDownload PDF (1698K) -
Katsunori SUZUKI, Akihiro MATSUKI, Kazuyoshi SAITO, Yoshiya TANAKA2007 Volume 82 Issue 10 Pages 759-763
Published: October 15, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a case of pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium chelonae. The patient was a healthy breastfeeding 29 year-old female. An abnormal shadow had been pointed out by the chest X-ray in the regular checkup of the office workers. The chest X-ray film showed consolidation at right lower lung field, which initially suggested pulmonary tuberculosis. The chest CT scan showed scattered consolidation. Smears and cultures of the sputum were repeatedly positive for mycobacteria, which was identified as M. chelonae. By chemotherapy with isoniazid, rifampicin, a nd clarithromycin on the basis of susceptibility test, sputum converted to negative within 2 months, abnormal shadows on the roentgenogram and laboratory data showed improvement. There are no signs of recurrence after completion of the treatment for 12 months.View full abstractDownload PDF (3204K) -
2007 Volume 82 Issue 10 Pages 765-799
Published: October 15, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (13819K)
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