Astigmatism and its compensation are theoretically and experimetally studied.
Calculation shows that astigmatic image defects can be roughly compensated by the addition of an ellipsoidal subsidiary lens and the facts are proved by the expenriments of the magnetic lens in the electron microscope.

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An adaptor for the electron microscope has been constructed, by which we can first observe a freshly prepared specimen without exposing it to the injuring action of air, and secondly take microphotographs of one and the same part of a specimen before and after it is subjected to a certain physical or chemical treatment and detect by comparing them even minute changes the treatment has effected.
The processes of reduction and subsequent oxidation of WO₃, MoO₃ and pure and promoted Fe₃O₄ were followed by means of the adaptor.

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A light basic magnesium carbonate was prepared, which is expressed as following molratio of MgO:CO₂:H₂O; “2:1. 1:n”
The above substance consists of two components: one is “2:1:n”, the other is “5:4:5”. The fomer exists in the inner part of crystal and the latter in the surface-layer.
In this paper, relation between the crystalline form and the lightness was studied, and it is cleared that the lightness depends on the properties of the snrface-layer consisting of “5:4:5”.

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In order to observe the finer structures of the human spermatozoa by means of electron microscopie, the following conclusions have been drawn.
1. There is a difference in the degree of susceptibility, to the electron beam, of mature, inmature and abnormal spermatozoon, and spermatozoon in necrospermia and cyctocele. This fact seems to indicate different stages of spermiogenesis.
The inner structure is formed with granules of nuclear substances, being joined each other. And a figure corresponding to the nucleolus was noted near the central portion of the head. Spermatozoa membrane is recognized to form a very delicate reticular film.
2. The neck is connected to the posterior pole of the head in the form of a joint, and two plate like substances in the forepart of the neck correspond to the proximal centrioles.
3. Around the axial filaments of the body, a spiral filament is seen, coiled with eight to twelve turns to the left.
A ring like figure corresponding to the distal centriole and terminal ring of spiral filament was also observed.
4. The tail plasmatic sheath is formed like a coil and the cross section of the tail is almost flat. Through this coiled sheath three bundles of axial fiilaments to the tail end, each bundle is consists of three fine filaments, and the nine filaments are separated like a brush, each filament being covered by fine granules.

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From last year, writer have been stndying on the virus of silkworm jaundice with electron microscope. Taken micrographs so far, may have some value to concider of the morphology of the silkworm polyhedra, and writer want to discouss some problems. Furthermore a hypothesis is proposed on the relationship between polyhedroses and granuloses.

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Bacterial flagella of Salmonella enteriditis were purified by three different methods which include low-temperature ethanol precipitation, salting-out by ammonium sulphate, and ultracentrifugation. These preparations were shown to be almost pure by electron-microscope.

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The matrials from the sciatic, synpathicus and vagus nerves of bullfrog, rabbit and human treated with Bouin solution, 10% formalin-alcohol and 10% formalin-solution more than 24 hours, not stained and both mashed in the agate mortar for 1 hours or more very slowly, and fragmented by sectioning in freezing on the freezing stage of the Schange sliding microtome were examined under the electron microscope.
The finest fibrous elements as seen on the electoron micrographs are the protoneurofibrils, ranging in width from about 20 to 50mμ, and in same of them were showed the regularly arranged dense particles, and in others tubular periodic bandlike structures with dense edges and incompact centre portions.

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The form of yeast has been investigated by Optical-microscope up to this time, as yeast was comparatively one of big microbes. Nowadays, we have found that Electron-microscope has the higher resolving power and contrast than that of Optical-microscope, so we never think it meaningless to try Electron-microscopic observation. But it may be impossible to investigate the inner structure of yeast by 50kV Electron-microscope used now.
Therefore, I tried to observe the surface of yeast with above microscope, for it is possible to investigate surface form using Collodion-Alminum process.

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Resolution and sharpness in the indirect photography of the electron microscope is required more strictly than in the other field as the medicin X-ray photography, and size of the last image must be took as largly as possible with the optical camera. The apparatus, materials and a technique required to such photography is described in this paper.
When the electron density is 10^-9 A/cm², exposure time is 1 sec for the direct electron micrograph with the process plate, but 1/3 sec for the indirect photography of the fluorescent image with Fuji Fluorographic film.
It is found that the synthetic resolving power 10 lines/mm on the moving picture was gained by the indirect method.

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A new device for metallic shadow-casting by using the nozzle system is proposed and an outline of the apparatus is given. It was found that this method was not only conspicuously effective in obtaining much more accurate shadow than that obtained by the usual method with the same shadowing material, but also brought into posible use the metals, as shadowing materials, which could not be used for such a purpose by the usual method. Shadowing qualities of many kinds of evaporated metals are compared and a new rule for the order of aggregation of deposited metallic thin films is proposed.

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We successed to product flat metallic meshes as showned in Photo. 1 and it named “sheet mesh”. The outline of the method of its production and its merits is described.

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Delicate organic materials would be crushed, if one were to subject them to pressure of the order of 1500 p.s.i. as in Polystylene-Silica method. But a reduction in the pressure, on the other hand, would necessaly entail a loss in resolution since the plastic would not be forced in to all of the minute interstices of the surface.
To overcome this difficulty, we have used Ethylmethacryl and n-Buthylmethacryl as 1st Replca, and obtained good result for various specimens.

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