The theoretical stndies about the gemetrical thickness effect of ultra-thin section, introduced by the author, had been issued in the Journal of Ejectronmicroscopy, 6, 63, (1958).
This is a detailed report, including the new stochastic theory about this effect, the experimental proof of this effect, a standard sample for ultra-thin sectioning and the analysis of its electron image with analytical geometry, or descriptive geometry, a new method measuring the thickness of section at the observing field, the pre-or post-construc-ted diagram to presume three dimensional structures etc., as the application of this effect.

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Using thin evaporated films, the ordered structure of CuAu II with long period has been studied by means of the transmission electron microscope. Parallel lines spaced at intervals of aboit 20Å have been observed, corresponding to satellite spots flanking the direct spot in the diffraction pattern, and their spacing is in close agreement with the size of an anti-phase domain. The lines are believed to be caused by some lattice modulation with the same period as the domain size, the possibility of moiré pattern based on secondary diffraction being disputed. By a careful examination of the spacing of the lines the existence of different domain sizes previously concluded from diffraction maxima has been proved and a mode of mixture of them has been shown.

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This paper deals with a ultraviolet polymerization of monomeric methacrylates.
Polymerization was carried out using 0.5% benzoin as a catalyst with ultraviolet irradiation in the 3600Å region at room or low temperature.
It is confirmed that this method has an advantage to perform the whole procedures under the same condition of temperature, i. e., fixation, dehydration and embedding.

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Most X-bodies within host cells infected with tobacco mosaic virus common strain were built up of dense granules and lacked the outer membranes, while some X-bodies were consisted of peripheral organelles and granular inside matrices. Two types of peripheral organelle were found. The one seemed to be the membraneous organelle associated with dense granules, while the other seemed to be the granular structure without the membraneous organelle.
Although, in the present observations, many virus particles were easily found within cytoplasm or on the surface of X-bodies, it was rather difficult to find them within the bodies.

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In order to analyse the macromolecular arrangment and intermolecular forces of axonfil2ament and myelin sheath, the ultrastructure of the nerve, which is immersed in isotonic NaCI aqueous solution buffered at various pH by 1/100 M. NaOH and HCJ, studied with an electronmicroscope. Toad scietic nerve is immersed in isotonic NaCI aqueous solution buff-ered at pH=2, 4.5, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0 and 12 for 4 hours prior to fixation and is fixed by isotonic 1 % OsO4 solution buffered at each pH and is dehydrated by cold aceton. Following conclusions are obtained after careful electron-microscopies.
Morphological changes of axonfilament……Axonfilaments change morphologically very much after variation of pH of immersed solution, at pH 7.0 filaments are smooth diameter 70 to 100Å, at pH 4. 5 increased in diameter and aggregated, and at pH2 twiched and coiled. At slightly alkalic medium filament decrease in diameter and become to fine and short, and more alkalic medium than pH 10. 0 axon is filled by granules diameter 100 to 200Å.
Myelin sheath……Distinct changes on morphology of myelin sheath are not observed at nerve immersed in radium buffered at pH 4 to 9. At pH 2, slight widening of electron-dense line and seperating of lammelae at intermediate line can be observed. On other hand, at myelin sheath immersed in excelent alkalic medium (pH 12) seperating of lammelae at intermediate line and electrondense granules in this seperated lammelae can be observed.
Morphological effects of pH of immersed medium are more excessive at axonfilament thaa at myelin sheath and the formation of filaments is more contributed from ionic character of macromolecule than lammelae which make up myelin sheath. The new model of marcrom-olecular arrangement of myelin sheath is proposed from the electron microscopical studies and corespondence of this new model with X-ray diffraction patterns of nerve, electron micrographs of aceton or trypsin treated nerve and myelinogenesis are discussed.

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On the pellicle group of the genus Debaryomyces in ascosporogenous yeasts, morphological investigation was attempted. Thin sections of spores showed that spores were covered with double layers, consisted of outer and inner coats, and two different types of "wavy" and "gear" like process on the spore surface. Particularly it was recognized that the spore of D. fluxorum was rough surface with a ledge.

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In the previous report (IV), the appearance of the spore of pellicle group in the genus Debaryomyces was described. Further, non-pellicle group was reported in this paper. Spores with three kinds of morphological characteristics were observed, and were covered with double coats without regard to surface condition. According to the electron-microscopic observations, Lodder and Kreger-van Rij's classification of the genus Debaryomyces was modified.

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The results obtained in the electron microscopic study of hard chromium-electroplating on aluminium and its alloys may be summarized as follows:
(1) About many aluminium alloys, the fine structure of eruptions produced on aluminium surface by pretreatment was examined with electron microscopy, by means of the replica method. The overspread appearance of the fine structure of eruptions on aluminium surface indicates a signal that the pretreatment was finished.
(2) The chromium-electroplating on full annealed aluminium alloys is not good because that their surface are caused partial cloudiness by pretreatment for electroplating.
(3) The, chromium-electroplating on some of aluminium alloys are particularly good. They are 52 S, 61 S, 3 S. and 99.9 percentage aluminium.

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