Objective: Relationship among the inclination towards eating disorders, self-efficacy controlling overeating, self-efficacy for controlling diet refusal, psychological stress responses, the drive for thinness, and attitudes towards sweets in university women were investigated.
Methods: A survey was conducted among 280 female university students in July 2003 using the following scales: the Japanese version of the psychological stress response scale, the drive for thinness scale, the attitudes towards sweets scale, the overeating control self-efficacy scale, the diet refusal control self-efficacy scale, and the inclination towards eating disorder scales (EAT-26 and Bulimia of EDI).
Results: As a result of multiple regression analysis, overeating control self-efficacy score negatively affected the Bulimia score (β=−.333, p <.001), whereas the diet refusal control self-efficacy score positively affected the EAT-26 score (β=.104, p <.05). Psychological stress response, the drive for thinness, and the attitudes towards sweets also affected the scores of Bulimia and EAT-26 positively.
Conclusion: It is suggested that high overeating control self-efficacy is useful for preventing over eating. This appears to be a fruitful area for future research in controlling eating behavior.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between a satisfactory school life and a supportive family environment in senior high school students in Tokyo.
Methods: In February 2006, a questionnaire survey was conducted in 6,542senior high school students in the first grade of 174 Tokyo municipal senior high schools. Answers were obtained from 3,208 students representing a response rate of 49.0%. Mutual relationships were analyzed by covariance structure analysis.
Results: A concept model was proposed using three latent variables determined by factor analysis. “A satisfactory school life”of the senior high school students, classified as a latent variable, was prescribed directly by“a supportive family environment”, and developed indirectly through“the trouble experience”. The decision coefficient of“a satisfactory school life”determined by this model was 51% for female students and 39% for male students.
Conclusion: This study indicated that a supportive family environment was important for senior high school students to achieve a satisfactory school life. It became structurally clear that it was important for both students and family members to talk about school life in order for the studentsto develop a satisfactory school life.

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between stage of change for proper diet and dietary nutritional status and psychological factors in college students.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used a questionnaire consisting of stage of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy for proper diet. Six hundred and seventy-five college students (41.8% male) completed the questionnaire, and 233 students kept 3-day food records to examine the relationship between stage of change and nutritional intake.
Results: As for stage of change for proper dietary behavior, 11.0% of students were at the precontemplation (PC) stage, 33.3% were at contemplation (C), 28.6% were at preparation(P), 11.3% were at action (A), and 15.9% were at maintenance (M). There was a significant difference in the distribution of stage of change between male and female students. Positive perception (pros) and self-efficacy in females were higher than in males. The prevalence of adequate mineral (Ca and Fe) and vitamin (A, B1, B2 and C) intake was significantly different for each stage; intake was highest during the action stage.
Conclusion: The percentage of students with nutrient-rich diets was higher in later stages (A and M) than in earlier stages (PC, C and P). Moreover, there were gender differences in the distribution of stage of change and psychological factors for proper dietary behavior. These results will provide useful information on nutrition education for college students.

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Objective: To elucidate the components of nursing practice that support home care patients and their families from the perspective of visiting nurses according to the number of years of home health care experience.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using the Delphi process, which is a consensus development method. In Round 1, focus group interviews were conducted on 19 visiting nurses who belong to one of six visiting nursing stations. Verbatim records of interview data were compared between nurses with less than three years of home health care experience and nurses with three or more years of experience. In Round 2, a total of 27 visiting nurses agreed to participate in a questionnaire survey on the components of visiting nursing. In Round 3, the respondents were asked whether or not they agree with the results of the survey conducted in Round 2. An agreement rate of 75% was used as an indicator of consensus.
Results: In Round 1, the following four areas of visiting nursing between careers were identified:“formation of partnerships”,“self-support”,“nursing judgment”, and“empirical learning”. However,“multidisciplinary cooperation”was not identified by visiting nurses with less than three years of home health care experience. In Rounds 2 and 3, 43 items were identified by all 21 respondents as components of visiting nursing practice.
Conclusion: A total of four areas were identified as common components of all visiting nursing, and one additional area was identified only among the more experienced group. It is necessary to investigate how to establish learning environments for visiting nurses according to the length of home health care experience.

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