JOURNAL OF JAPAN HEALTH MEDICINE ASSOCIATION
Online ISSN : 2423-9828
Print ISSN : 1343-0025
Volume 30, Issue 4
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
FOREWORD
SPECIAL CONTRIBUTION
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Sachiko Tanabe, Eiko Suzuki, Harumi Kawamura, Saori Nakazawa, Hiroe Ya ...
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 395-406
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    A draft scale comprised of 31 items to assess the anxiety of nursing students towards a specific “field nursing practicum” was developed. A questionnaire survey was administered to 349 students of four participating private nursing colleges/universities in the metropolitan area of Japan, who were scheduled to participate in the specific field nursing practicum. The questionnaire covers questions about demographics, the Kagoshima University version of the Clinical Stress Questionnaire (CSQ). In total 293 valid responses (261 females, 32 males) were collected. Of the 31 items in the draft scale, we excluded the corrected items where the overall correlation (I-T correlation) was |r| < 0.3 and items where the inter-item correlation was |r| > 0.7. Using the remaining 22 items, an exploratory factor analysis was performed to complete a scale of 19 items in 3 factors. The factors were termed: ‘Anxiety about inter-personal relationships in the practicum’ (1st factor), ‘Anxiety about the own skills in the practicum’ (2nd factor), and ‘Anxiety about nursing activities’ (3rd factor). The goodness of fit of the model by a confirmatory factor analysis; GFI = 0.975, AGFI = 0.968, NFI = 0.960, RMR = 0.084 (p < 0.01). The correlation coefficient between this scale and “threatening emotion issues”, which evaluates anxiety in the CSQ, was 0.53 (p <0.01). A test-retest was conducted with 292 students of the 3 colleges/universities included in the first survey, and 114 valid responses were collected. The test-retest showed an intraclass correlation coefficient to the total score of the anxiety assessment scale of 0.70 (p <0.01), and the Cronbach alpha coefficient of the entire scale was 0.89. These results verify the reliability and validity of the scale to assess the anxiety of nursing students towards a specific field nursing practicum.

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  • Hiroko Matsuya, Eiko Suzuki, Naoko Shiomi
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 407-418
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    To identify factors related to the intention to leave employment for nurses working in a pediatric hospital, a cross-sectional study with an anonymous self-rating questionnaire survey was conducted on all 599 nurses working in one pediatric hospital in Japan. The questionnaire is comprised of question items related to intention to leave the present employment, personal factors, workplace factors, burnout (the Japanese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS)), and organizational commitment (three-dimensional organizational commitment scale). We collected 407 (67.9%) responses. Responses that had no answers to questions about both the intention to leave the present employment and respondent age and that included two or more choices to these questions were excluded. Further, excluding midwives and assistant nurses because these are regarded as being in different occupation categories, we determined 268 (44.7%) responses to be valid for analysis. The result of the multiple regression analysis showed the following factors as related to the intention to leave the present employment : burnout, salary satisfaction, ‘feeling that it is meaningless to consult with this nurse administrator’, emotional commitment, placement satisfaction, and the number of interviews. The adjusted R2 was 55%. Among the factors related to the intention to leave the present employment, burnout was most strongly related to this. The findings suggest that improvements to the intention to leave the present employment would benefit from specific measures to prevent burnout.

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  • Yachiyo Sasaki, Saori Noda, Midori Shirai
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 419-427
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    This study examined the relationship between self-reported hearing difficulty and functional capacity in elderly people requiring support. A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey elderly people regarding their attributes, state of health, the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Index of Competence, and hearing of conversations and television, among other things. Elderly people also underwent pure-tone audiometry and cognitive function testing. Functional capacity was evaluated using the TMIG Index of Competence and the elderly people were classified into high- and low-scoring groups based on their mean score. A logistic model was used to adjust the effects of multiple factors that showed a significant association with functional capacity in chi-squared tests, and the odds ratios (ORs) for high functional capacity were calculated. For hearing of conversations, significantly more elderly people capable of hearing (OR=10.96) or mostly capable of hearing (OR=7.38) conversations were in the high-scoring group for functional capacity than those incapable of hearing more than half of conversations. Similarly, for hearing the television, the OR for being in the high-scoring group for functional capacity was significantly higher for elderly people capable of hearing (OR=4.52) or mostly capable of hearing (OR=10.84) the television compared with those incapable of hearing more than half of what is said on television.

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  • Hitomi Tanaka, Maki Mitomo
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 428-435
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The purpose of this study was to clarify the current status of collaboration between registered dietitians and nurses and evaluate the efforts of registered dietitians towards this collaboration.

    We examined measures to improve collaboration between registered dietitians and nurses who provide beneficial dietary support for patients. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four registered dietitians with 20 years or more of clinical experience regarding the current state of collaboration between registered dietitians and nurses and what is considered necessary for collaboration. Four cases were included in the analysis. A verbatim transcript was prepared from the interview content and analyzed as data using the qualitative integration method (KJ method).

    The result showed that the collaboration between the registered dietitians and nurses was characterized by the following seven symbols : recognition and respect of each other’s expertise ; current status of collaboration : lack of communication between registered dietitians and nurses ; patient disadvantage : inadequate information sharing between registered dietitians and nurses ; effective dietary support for patients : cooperation and information sharing between registered dietitians and nurses is essential for effective nutritional management ; assignment for registered dietitians : practice effective PR with the nurses ; relationship between dietitians and nurses : communicating with each other and being available to provide support to nurses ; and registered dietician’s efforts : reporting and liaising between registered dietitians and nurses.

    The registered dietitian recognized that collaboration with nurses ensures effective support for patients by recognizing and respecting the expertise of both ; however, the current status revealed that the patients suffered disadvantages due to lack of communication between the registered dieticians and nurses. In order to solve this issue, the registered dietitian should practice effective PR with the nurses and increase effective reporting and adequate communication between the registered dieticians and nurses, which can ensure effective dietary support for the patients.

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  • Aiko Shimano, Sachie Tomita, Yukiko Kobayasi
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 436-448
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    To clarify factors related to intent to stay with organization in nurses engaged in university hospitals, a survey using an anonymous self-rating questionnaire including a scale assessing intent to stay was conducted with 3305 nurses working in four university hospitals in one prefecture in the Kanto region of Japan. Valid responses were obtained from 1423 subjects (valid response rate 43.1%). The age of the respondents was 32.3±9.5 years, the number of years of experience as a nurse was 9.5±7.9 years, and the total score of intent to stay with the organization was 8.0±2.2 points.

    A multiple regression analysis was performed with the objective variable as the total score of intent to stay and the explanatory variables as individual factors, workplace environmental factors, perceptions of the nursing profession, work stress, and self-evaluation as a nurse.  The adjusted R2 of the analysis was 0.229, and the factors associated with intent to stay were “total score of career commitment” (β=0.340), “superiors listen to nurses” (β=0.102), and “feeling stress due to their duties” (β=-0.107).

    These results indicate the following : To increase the intent to stay with the organization, it is necessary to provide support for continued education that enables nurses to commit themselves to the nursing profession, and for alleviating stress. It is also important to create a workplace atmosphere where superiors easily listen to nurses.

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  • Kanna Furuta, Yachiyo Sasaki, Saori Noda, Midori Shirai
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 449-458
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    This study aimed to clarify the presence or absence of depression in elderly people and related factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire that included questions on personal attributes, health conditions, living conditions, and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS15) was distributed to 1,803 registrants of a human resource center for elderly people in City A, Osaka Prefecture. A score of 5 points or higher on the GDS15 indicated the presence of depression. Odds ratios (ORs) for the presence or absence of depression were calculated by adjusting for the effects of multiple factors using a logistic regression model. A total of 551 respondents were included in the analysis, of whom 189 (34.3%) had depression, and 362 (65.7%) did not. ORs for depression were elevated in those with economic anxiety (OR=3.84), poor self-health (OR=4.12), locomotive syndrome (OR=2.25), and social isolation (OR=3.11). ORs for depression were also elevated in those who responded that their frequency of outings (OR=1.85) and work (OR=1.92) had decreased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, those with a high degree of anxiety about the novel coronavirus had an OR for depression of 1.98. On the other hand, ORs for depression decreased in those with older age, longer sleep time (7-8 hours : OR=0.44, ≥8 hours : OR=0.37), and high scores for the Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (10-12 points : OR=0.48, ≥13 points ; OR=0.36).

    Awareness of a decreased frequency of work and outings and anxiety due to the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with depression.

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  • Konomi Tsukamatsu, Nana Baba, Setsuko Furuya, Shinobu Hanzawa, Yoko Ta ...
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 459-466
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    To clarify the factors related to the vaccination history of mumps in 1-year-old children, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on 367 people accompanied by 2-year-old children who visited one hospital in the Kanto region. The questionnaire consisted of items related to “history of mumps vaccination”, “demographics of the children”, “demographics of the parents”, “knowledge and experience of the mumps vaccination in parents”, “socio-economic problems of the parents”, “views on health and a healthy lifestyle held by the parents”, and “living environment”. Of the 154 cases with valid responses, 125 were vaccinated and 29 were unvaccinated. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that following children are at higher risk of not becoming vaccinated against mumps at the age of one: the main caregivers were other than the mother, the caregiver having no history of vaccination for rotavirus, later birth order, having parents who lack knowledge about mumps vaccination, and who hold the idea that children will be immunized through natural infections rather than being vaccinated against mumps. The findings suggest the necessity to create measures to improve the mumps vaccination rates focusing on these matters.

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  • Akemi Miyabe, Mana Doi, Yuka Kanoya
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 467-477
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The study aimed to refine the items used to develop a ward nurses’ dietary support scale for the elderly after their discharge, using the Delphi method. The Delphi method was conducted in three rounds with a target population of 200 nurses active in nutrition support teams, dietary and nutritional management, and nutrition support. In the first round, 69 items were extracted by a conceptual analysis of “nurses’ support for elderly patients’ eating behaviors in predicting post-discharge wellbeing,” and based on the results of interviews with experienced home care nurses. The items were shown to the participants for rating on a 5-point Likert scale. A total of 55 nurses responded to the first survey (28% response rate) ; the agreement rate was 51% or higher for all 69 items in the first round, and the number of items was revised to 63 based on free descriptions. In the second survey, feedback was provided to the 55 participants of the first survey ; their response was sought on the 63 revised items, and 39 nurses replied (71% response rate). Although all 63 items had an agreement rate of 51% or higher, the number of items was revised to 51 based on free descriptions. In the third survey, we provided feedback to the respondents of the second survey and sought responses for the 51 revised items ; 38 nurses responded (70% response rate), and the agreement rate was 51% or higher for all items. These 51 items consisted of 28 items on the nutrition support scale and 23 items on the dietary support scale. Future studies are required to verify the reliability and validity of these items and examine whether they can be used as a scale.

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  • Yoko Ujiie, Eiko Suzuki, Yasuko Hiramoto, Yukiko Yokoo, [in Japanese]
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 478-486
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    In order to identify factors contributing to burnout among faculty members at nursing colleges, a self-administered survey was conducted from February to March 2020 in cooperation with deans and department chairs from 17 private nursing colleges nationwide. Faculty members from these colleges participated in the survey. A Japanese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory─General Survey (MBI-GS) was used to measure burnout. The average age of the participants was 47.14 (SD=9.91). The average number of years working as a faculty member was 7.86 (SD=6.57). The average Japanese MBI-GS total score (total burnout score) was 12.95 (SD=3.41). The following five variables were identified in the multiple regression analysis, with the total burnout score as the objective variable and the adjusted coefficient of determination being 0.71. Those who “wish to quit their job” (β=0.37, p<0.01), “are unconfident about their practical skills in education” (β=0.34, p<0.01), “feel that there are not enough educators in the field” (β=0.21, p<0.01), and “have experienced loss of appetite for the last three months” (β=0.16, p<0.01) had significantly high total burnout scores. Conversely, those with “a well-balanced personal life outside work” (β=-0.26, p<0.01) had significantly low total burnout scores. Burnout among faculty members at nursing colleges may be prevented by adjusting the number of educators, improving their practical skills in education, and balancing their personal life outside work.

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SHORT COMMUNICATION
  • Toshiko Kitaura, Mayumi Sato
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 487-492
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    This study aims to investigate changes in nursing with anti-cancer drug exposure prevention before and after the implementation of guidelines for medical personnel dealing with anti-cancer drugs (Guidelines). Questionnaire surveys were administered to nurses engaged in anti-cancer drug administration more than two years before and also after the implementation of the Guidelines in a general hospital in the Kanto region of Japan. The number of valid responses before the implementation of the Guidelines was 139 (77.7%) of 179 submitted responses, and that after the implementation of the Guidelines was 121 (75.2%) of 161. Items that improved significantly (p<.001) after the implementation of the Guidelines were six nursing tasks related to correct knowledge of anticancer drug disposal (voiding) and exposure prevention measures. This showed that briefing sessions and practical education of nursing managers were effective in improving the knowledge and awareness of anticancer drugs. Three items that did not show improvements were tasks performed less frequently. This suggests the necessity to re-examine the contents and approach of the education to ensure exposure prevention.

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  • Akihiro Michihara, Risa Yoshioka, Yuka Horioka
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 493-499
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    To investigate the effects of background factors on preventive consciousness regarding lifestyle-related symptoms or diseases (LRSD), and changing awareness of genetic analyses, previously reported questionnaire survey results were reanalyzed, with the general population and pharmacy staff treated as one group (10-90s). Many respondents, regardless of background factors choose “do nothing” when the gene associated with the surveyed LRSD is unknown. However, many elderly people in their 70s or older choose dietary preventive measures for hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and arteriosclerosis. These results suggest that elderly people exercise daily preventive consciousness toward LRSD associated with arteriosclerosis. When a gene is known to be associated with an LRSD, regardless of background factors, significantly fewer participants choose “do nothing” than when the gene is unknown. Many respondents choose diet-related preventive measures. These results indicate that LRSD-associated genetic analyses may raise preventive consciousness toward these diseases regardless of background factors.

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NOTE
  • Shingo Matsumori, Sayuri Akuzawa
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 500-509
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The texture of bagels sold in Japan varies considerably from hard to soft ; moreover, texture is an indication of bagel quality. However, studies evaluating the quality of commercially sold bagels in Japan are limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the quality characteristics of commercially sold bagels in Tokyo and classify them based on their quality attributes. To achieve this, 12 bagels were purchased from five outlets in Tokyo and their moisture content, color, gas cell number, and area were analyzed. The results showed that the weight, specific volume, crust hardness, and crumb hardness of the bagels ranged from 6.34×10 g to 18.8×10 g, 1.78 cm3/g to 3.88 cm3/g, 0.94×105 N/m2 to 10.7×105 N/m2, and 1.01×105 N/m2 to 6.25×105 N/m2, respectively. The moisture content was low, ranging from 28.7% to 36.8%. Additionally, the gas cell number of the bagels ranged from 11.2 gas cells/cm2 to 28.1 gas cells/cm2 ; the gas cell number was significantly negatively correlated (r=−0.801) with crumb hardness, indicating that crust ehardness was reduced with an increasing gas cell number. Principal component analysis showed that factors related to bagel swelling condition and crumb quality were clustered in the first principal component (PC1 ; contribution rate, 35.5%), whereas factors related to the apparent shape of bagels were clustered in PC2 (contribution rate, 24.6%). Factors related to crust quality were clustered in PC3 (contribution rate, 20.9%). Based on principal component analysis, the 12 samples were classified into five groups. Overall, our findings show that bagels sold in Tokyo vary in quality and texture, ranging from hard to soft. Additionally, as the number of bubbles in the crumb increased, the weight of the bagel decreased and texture became softer, suggesting that the weight of bagels can be used in texture determination.

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  • Ayako Tanabe
    2022 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 510-516
    Published: January 31, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of family caregivers who care for their parents and establish a full-time parental care life after leaving their jobs. We interviewed five people who had left their jobs to care for their parents, and we analyzed the results using the qualitative synthesis method (KJ method). We extracted six categories from the data analysis.

    The participants experienced “a severe lack of time due to work and care.” Moreover, “it was impossible for them to imagine balancing care and work.” Choosing to leave their jobs to care for their parents was an experience in which they had to focus on “looking ahead and deciding what they valued most.” Participants first reported experiencing “the responsibility of their parents’ life and the burden of long-term care,” which then changed to “experiencing joy in their connection with their parents and fellow caregivers.” However, some participants “felt empty, as though they had been left behind by society.”

    For family caregivers, parental care provided an opportunity to re-question their own way of life. For younger caregivers, support is needed to avoid feelings of isolation.

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