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24 巻, 147 号
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田中 実1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 743-744
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (417K) -
中村 宏, 西岡 邦夫1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 745-752
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーWhen induction hardening is applied to axles, armature shafts and crank shafts, there is an apprehension that the fatigue strength may be reduced in the transitional zone between the hardened and the nonhardened parts. To disperse such apprehension, a rotary-bending-fatigue test was made on a partially induction-hardened large test piece (dia=70mm). The following facts have been revealed through the test : i) The fatigue strength of the transitional zone is not reduced but rather improved in comparison with that of the mother material. ii) Fatigue cracks happened at a spot considerably removed from the transitional zone. Following the fatigue test, the residual stress in the test piece was measured using strain gauges with the results showing that the residual stress of the transitional zone is a compressive one, which presumably explains the above facts (i) and (ii)抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2946K) -
黒木 剛司郎, 小室 成功1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 752-756
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーElastic recovery of indentation depth and the changes of shape of indentation due to the removal of major load were investigated for several kinds of HRC and HRB specimens by the aids of inductance-type displacement gauge and the photographs of cross-sections. The following were the findings. (1) Amounts of recoveries become smaller with the decrease of major load. But, its ratios to the initial dimensions under the major load become larger with the decrease of major load and the increase of hardness of specimen. (2) These tendencies are reasoned well by analyzing the stress distribution at the contacting part of indenter and specimen under the condition of plane-strain.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1117K) -
安 文在1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 757-766
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn a recent paper an analysis was given of the distribution of stress in semi-infinite elastic medium deformed by the pressure of rigid sphere on a part of the plane boundary, the remainder of the plane being free, the form of a rigid sphere approximately be expressed, and analysis was carried in potential method, in which the simplicities cannot be expected so improved. This paper is to find an exact solution for the case resulted from the indentation caused by a rigid sphere on the free surface of semi-infinite elastic medium, with the aid of Hankel transforms, and furthermore to explain an influence of friction on the contact surface.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (926K) -
遠藤 吉郎, 吉川 成美, 山甲 淳1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 767-771
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーTests were carried out to measure temperature rise of specimens together with damping constant due to the internal friction of materials, during the fatigue test. Temperature rise is a function of the magnitude of cyclic stresses, and a relationship between temperature rise and life of the specimen is found. Damping constant c is influenced by temperature of specimens, and has no relation to the magnitude and the cycle number of stresses after considerable repetitions. When plotted c under fatigue tests and damping constant measured by torsion pendulum against temperature, the curves thus obtained have shapes similar to each other, having the same temperature for extreme point. And the fatigue strength vs. temperature has an inverse shape of the former. Further, scatters of fatigue lives are found to be influenced by the differences of damping constant, that is, temperature rise of specimens.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (791K) -
町田 周郎1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 772-778
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this report, the mass effect on the pressing force in Shore hardness test was investigated. The experiment was carried out with a Shore scleroscope of D-type on five specimens which were different in hardness and in material. It need scarcely be mentioned that the general requests for testing were satisfied in this experiment. Especially operating conditions of the tester were maintained constant mechanically throughout this experiment. As a result, the mass effect on the pressing force was made clear. That is, the effect of the pressing force on the hardness number is influenced by weight of the specimen, and disappear in the specimen whose weight is greater than the critical weight. It has been revealed that the critical weight has been decided according to the hardness of specimen. And the critical pressing force has varied according to the weight of specimen. And, the critical pressing force curves shown in the second report, were modified in this report in the light of the mass effect.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (943K) -
高沖 亮1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 778-783
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーUltrasonic reflection from simulated discontinuities and bottom surfaces were studied under water, as a fundamental experiment of ultrasonic techniques to be applied to the nondestructive testing of heavy steel forgings. Equivalent reflection surfaces of simulated discontinuities and of bottom were investigated and nomograms for the size of discontinuities were established from the ratio of flaw-to-bottom indications and the distances from transducer to the flaws. Although the results obtained may not be applied to heavy steel forgings as they are, yet they will be of some help for analyses of reflection phenomena in steels.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (859K) -
新沢 順悦1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 784-790
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe fatigue strength of metals is affected by various factors. Among them, the notch effect due to the stress concentration and the scale effect due to the scale of specimen are especially significant. Starting from the idea that the fatigue failure occurs when the mean stress over a certain depth from the surface reaches the fatigue strength of uniform specimen under alternating load of tension and compression, in this paper the author treated the notch and scale effects in a single formulation, where the depth is assumed to be a material constant independent of the shape and scale of specimen and the kind of load. Comparison with the available experimental results justifies this treatment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (845K) -
中西 不二夫, 佐藤 和郎1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 791-797
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーHysteresis loops and anisotropy due to plastic deformations were studied, and the conclusions are as follows : 1. Plastic deformation is to be devided into shears in three directions, and each shear must be considered individually. 2. Individual resistances in three directions, R1, R2, R3, are equal in magnitude, or [number formula] 3. The stress range of elastic deformation in any direction, when the direction of shear is reversed, is R. 4. The resistances R1, R2, R3, do not correspond to the shearing stresses τ1, τ2, τ3, but they correspond to such shearing stresses S1, S2, S3, as [number formula] where, σx, σy, σz, are the principal stresses, and σm is the mean stress. The above conclusions are the authors' new theory of plasticity. By this theory the following experimental facts can be accounted for. 1. The relation between tension and pure shear. 2. Hysteresis loops. 3. Anisotropy due to plastic deformations. 4. The relation between the yield point of mild steel and the plastic deformation after that.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (889K) -
大橋 義夫1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 798-803
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, the relation between the stress concentration factor and the depth of notch in U-notched tension bar is examined by means of the photoelastic method. According to the experimental results, the stress concentration factor does not always increase with increase of the depth of notch, but it is larger for notches of medium depth than for infinitely deep notches, the base radius of the notch and the minimum section of the bar being kept constant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1189K) -
中村 宏, 上田 四郎, 甘粕 達雄1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 804-808
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーTo obtain the fatigue strength of welded joints important in connection with strength, design and manufacture of truck frame or axle and wheel, some brief plain bending fatigue tests were conducted. Specimens of two kinds of Structural steels i.e. mild steels and high tension steels were butt-welded, and bent under two kinds of loads, parallel or rectangular to the beads. The results show that : (1) When the bending stress is rectangular to the bead the fatigue limit of the welded mild steel specimen scarcely decreases as compared with the base specimen, but that of the welded high tension steel is reduced to 70% of the base metal. In case of the bending stress being parallel to the beads, both have the same fatigue limit as the base specimens. (2) With such a thin plate as tested this time, the projection of the bead has much influence on the fatigue failure. (3) The results of the present test do not furnish sufficient data to make evaluation of strength by comparison between stress test under running conditions and fatigue test. Therefore, further studies on this subject will be necessary.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (857K) -
玉手 統, 塩谷 駿介1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 809-818
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, the effects of a pair of symmetrical notches on the transverse flexure of an infinite strip under the state of plain bending are investigated by the use of the Poisson-Kirchhoff theory of thin plate. The analysis is developed with the help of three fundamental solutions w00, w' and w'', and the unknown coefficients included in the function, expressing the deflection of thin plate, are determined by the method of perturbation. In order to clarify the effect of making semicircular notches, the distributions of bending couples and deflections, and the stress concentration factors are calculated and plotted versus notch diameter-strip width ratio and Poisson's ratio of the plate material.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (985K) -
宮尾 嘉寿1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 819-824
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper the stresses in a circular disk with an eccentric circular hole under radial force were reported. This paper, however, gives a theoretical solution to a disk containing an eccentric circular hole fixed at its centre and under a tangential force on the outer edge, and the inner edge being unstressed. In this problem the bipolar coordinates are used. The Airy stress function is used as a method of solution, and the auxiliary stress function is added to the basic function which gives the stress state in the disk fixed at its centre and under a tangential force on its edge. By the numerical calculation it appears that the edge or circular hole being near the centre of disk, has larger maximum stress. The limiting case, in which the semi-infinite plate has a circular hole in the neighbourhood of its straight edge, is also discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (662K) -
野村 恭雄1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 824-831
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with the effect on the stress distribution in orthogonally aeolotropic plate under uniform tension when the coaming plate has the stiffening flange at both ends. In this case, as a means of reducing the circumferential stress concentration in the plates, this method is only effective within the effective height of coaming plate. That is, if the actual height is higher than the effective height, the amount of reduction in the circumferential stress is very small. Consequently, the stiffening flange must be attached to the coaming plate close to the center of the plates.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (831K) -
野村 恭雄1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 832-835
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with the effect when the coaming plate is an ideal double stiffening plates, that is, we make the displacement at the edge of the hole of orthogonally aeolotropic plate zero. In this case, maximum circumferential stress does not occur at 90°, but at about 45°. Of course, the circumferential stress is smaller than when edge is stiffened with cross bars, or the coaming plate, or the coaming plate having the stiffening plates.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (545K) -
太田 友弥, 浜田 実, 進藤 明夫, 前沢 利成1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 836-846
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, the strength of wheel disc of a newly devised wheel in order to lighten rolling stock was discussed basing on an approximate bending theory for a flat spherical shell, since this wheel disc consists of two discs having the form of a flat spherical shell which are made up to a wheel together with boss and rim by welding. In this theory, unbalanced traction is supported only by the stresses deduced from the membrane theory and the boundary condition is satisfied by the sum of solutions of membrane and bending theories. Some approximations were utilized in order to derive the solution of bending theory. The stresses due to the force-fit of axle and the shrinkage fit of tyre and also those due to axle load and side thrust were considered. As the latter is non-symmetric problem, it was assumed for simplicity that the boss and rim are rigid. This assumption will entail larger error than those due to approximations made in bending theory.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1031K) -
太田 友弥, 浜田 実, 進藤 明夫, 前沢 利成1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 847-852
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーAccording to the method described in the former report, stresses in a wheel disc produced, as a new attempt, were calculated and compared with the experimental results and the other simple calculations. The stresses due to the force fit of axle and the strinkage fit of tyre are considerably large and the type of spherical shell is especially disadvantageous, as it causes very large bending stress. For the axle load, the calculated value of stresses, assuming the rigid rim and tyre does not agree with the experimental value which is concentrated in the direction of loading. But, the stresses due to the axle load will be small even if the load is unequally distributed to each disc. On the contrary, the assumption is reasonable for the side thrust and the calculated values of stresses agree with the experimental result. As the stresses due to axle load and side thrust are superimposed in the inner side disc, the design is desirable in which the axle load is supported mostly by the outer disc.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (829K) -
斎藤 渥, 島崎 忠良, 木村 成一1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 853-861
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーWe treat the problems of the bending of clamped or simply supported elliptic plates subjected to a concentrated load at an arbitrary point. The rigorous solutions in a form of infinite series in these cases are obtained by means of elliptic coordinates and by expanding the particular solution into Fourier series. Moreover, a clamped elliptic plate under a concentrated load in the center is treated as a numerica1 example.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (761K) -
吉武 博之1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 862-866
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe author performed the rotary bending fatigue tests on a bar of S40C with a rectangular cotter hole. Results of the tests are as follows : 1) The cotter hole had better be made up of a rectangle and two semi-circles, and the notch factor is about 1.45. 2) If we make a rectangular hole, fillet radius of corner must be more than one-tenth of width of hole, or else the fatigue crack is liable to occur at the corner of hole in the bar. 3) If the length of hole is longer than twice its width, the notch factor is scarcely affected by the size of a hole.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (849K) -
佐藤 武1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 866-872
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe flexural vibrations of a straight rod, which is twisted like a propeller blade in the unloaded state, were investigated by many authors. Their papers were treated on the assumption that the elastic axis coincided with the centroid of a cross-section. But, in case that the center of gravity and the elastic axis do not coincide, the flexural and torsional vibrations are always coupled. In this paper, the above mentioned coupled vibrations of a twisted rod are studied by the assumed-mode method. The influences of the total twist and the distance between the elastic axis and the center of gravity of the natural frequencies are shown.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (682K) -
椹木 義一, 藤井 太一, 岡田 幸雄1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 873-879
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, we analysed the motion affected by harmonic disturbing displacement of the system which has two masses suspended by two springs and a constant friction between masses or between the mass and the supporting ceiling, and obtained an analytical solution in the domain of vibrations with or without stops. Some experiments were carried out, showing close agreements with the theoretical analysis. By these studies, the fol1owing results were obtained, (1) In the resonance (at the natural frequencies of two degrees system), when the friction is smaller than a certain definite value, the amplitudes of masses become infinitely large, and the friction which is larger, than this value causes the motion with stops or the motion without the relative displacement of masses. (2) At 1/3, 1/5, 1/7, ……of natural fretuencies, any smallest friction causes the motion with stops. (3) At infinitely high frequency, in the case that the friction between two masses is larger than a certain definite value, the motion with stops or the motion without relative displceament will exist, and in the case that the friction exists between the mass and the supporting ceiling, any friction does not cause the stop motion.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (922K) -
木内 石1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 879-885
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with problems of a vibration characteristics of an elastically supported mechanical system with a non-uniform shaft which has masses on it. The shaft is elastically connected with the system. The result dealt with here includes very many special cases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (868K) -
津田 公一1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 886-894
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe author deals with a one-dimensional power-transmission system having an angular clearance excited by a static torque and a cosine torque simultaneously. He solves rigorously subharmonic vibration of bilateral mode without damping, and discusses stability discrimination, then solves approximately the maximum amplitude state of the system under velocity-proportional damping, and as a result he is convinced that the latter approximation not only is easy to calculate, but also serves as stability discriminant. As the result of these studies the incorrectness and insufficient descriptions in the former reports are disclosed, and they are revised and supplemented in the present paper. Finally the author solves approximately the maximum amplitude state of the system retarded not only by linear damping, but also collision damping, which takes place at the clearance parts losing energy in the moment of their collision. A series of numerical diagrams is presented, making use of which these calculations can be performed easier. Experimental study of the system under collision damping will be reported in the next paper.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1204K) -
津田 公一1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 895-901
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーTo examine experimentally the approximation of collision damping in the former report, here a two-mass one-stiffness system is approximately analysed as to its maximum amplitude state, experimentally checked, and as a result the author verifies that the theory gives practically sufficient accuracy of the order of 1st approximation. Then the estimation of collision velocity may be given practically as well as frequency and amplitude at the maximum amplitude state. if the data of the system dimensions and velocity-proportional damping coefficient are given. The estimated collision velocity may be an useful key of the problem about the failure of clearance parts. The experimental system is made up of an electrical dynamometer, an intermediate shaft, a variable clearance joint, and a fan, excited by a piston-crank mechanism. The author reads the torque and rpm at the maximum amplitude state, besides detecting electrically from the revolving system its fluctuating torque, collision velocity and touching of clearance parts.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1177K) -
津田 公一1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 902-906
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーAnalysing approximately the maximum amplitude state of the ultraharmonic vibration of a one-dimensional system excited by the torque fluctuation, the author verifies that velocity-proportional damping retards the vibration of uni-lateral mode of the higher order the less effective, and the retardation characteristic resembles the one of the subharmonic mode of the order 1/2. He thinks that the damping retards the bi-lateral mode almost the same as above. Displacement excitation by errors of gear shape or by eccentricities of gear axes, gives a one-dimensional shaft system substancially the same behavior as torque excitation does, but in approximate solutions it is necessary to change the expression of excitation term. As stiffness fluctuation of gear teeth also excites vibration, the author solves the vibration of uni-lateral, symmetric mode without damping, supposing the fluctuation as rectangular. The solution appears different from the one in the former cases, difficult to calculate, and is not yet numerically treated. The author thinks that this excitation gives rather high frequency, then the damping would act more effective, and this mode probably disappears.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (601K) -
津田 公一, 吉川 康夫1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 907-914
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe authors rigorously solved the forced fundamental vibration of a one-dimensional system retarded by linear damping with an analogue computer, and found the approximation method practically true, which was formerly presented in order to solve the maximum amplitude state. Then they computed a system with two degrees of freedom at its higher resonance state, and found its behavior qualitatively the same as of a one-dimensional system. Only one solution was quantitatively computed. Besides, they presented an approximation method to solve by hand a two-dimensional system, solving rigorously an equivalent one-dimensional system and approximating the damped maximum amplitude state. The former quantitative analogue solution was compared with the one from this approximation method, and the equivalent system was tentatively adjusted, but not accomplished because of inadequate data. Though not completed, the method gave a new solution of the equivalent system, which is a limit case of clearance systems.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (810K) -
三巻 達夫1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 915-921
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーRecently, relay control is studied from a new standpoint, to obtain an optimum nonlinear control, i.e., utilizing the maximum output power of actuating elements. In this paper, the author treats an optimum nonlinear control for the system with a dead time and shows that an optimum performance can be obtained by adding one more switching action to the case for a system without a dead time. If there is no integrating element, it is impossible to obtain an optimum performance with the same switching-line. However, this defect can be avoided by the use of two controlling elements in parallel. The author also shows that the switching-line can be obtained easily by using a transient response template.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (905K) -
三巻 達夫1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 922-928
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーRecently, the optimum nonlinear control has been widely studied in many countries. However, it is very difficult to apply this control method to the actual control systems. This paper treats the problem of simplifying the controller to obtain a nearly optimum non-linear control action and proposes a new type of control action -MODIFIED OPTIMUM NON-LINEAR CONTROL-from the standpoint of compromising between the theory and the practice. This paper also shows that modified optimum control has a close relation to the discrete compensation techniques in sampled-data control systems.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (845K) -
藤井 澄二, 井口 雅一1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 929-934
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe self-aligning moment at the king-pin can be transmitted to the steering wheel as the restoring moment through the powered steering system, if a bilateral servomechanism is used as its servo-unit. In this paper the influence of this restoring force on the stability of the lateral motion of an automobile is studied, making us of the root-locus method. The results show that (1) the motion may become unstable, if the restoring force is not given to the steering whel, (2) there is an optimum ratio of the restoring moment at the steering wheel to the king-pin moment, and (3) the restoring force can be given by a spring installed to the steering mechanism, but in this case the lateral motion may become unstable at high speed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (792K) -
増淵 正美1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 934-940
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーHeat exchangers having three, four and more number of tube-passes in one shell-pass, are analysed exactly. These heat exchangers contain complicated counter and parallel-flow heat exchange processes. The author analysed them in dimensionless forms followins the same procedures as before, and obtained frequency response formulas. The results are extended to infinite number of tube-passes, and their static and dynamic characteristics in equal flow conditions are compared by numerical examples.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (706K) -
椹木 義一, 得丸 英勝, 藤原 恒昭1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 941-947
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, the tension or compression problem of cylindrical rubber stock of finite length with ends cemented to metal plates is treated theoretically under the following assumptions : (i) the deformation is infinitesimal, (ii) Poisson number m of rubber is 2. We found stress and displacement by using the Michell's function, and we performed numerical calculations with some shapes of stock. Further, we numerically found the relation between the apparent modulus of elasticity and the shape factor r0/4z0, where 2r0 is the diameter and 2z0 is the height of stock.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (743K) -
関口 久美, 西村 正巳, 道田 祥二, 中川 栄一1958 年 24 巻 147 号 p. 947-951
発行日: 1958/11/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーFormerly two of these authors made a report on the variation of complex modulus in rubber vibration isolators due to their shape factors. In the present report the following two facts are presented on the basis of the data obtained from the experiments of a certain torsional free oscillation : (1) Complex shear modulus does not change by altering the shape of cross section and shape factor, (2) How do these two moduli connect? Certain calculations and experiments were tried, keeping in mind the facts that in bonded type rubber its characteristics change remarkably by the radius in bonded part to metal parts. And the results showed that the calculations have good accuracy. So, together with the results mentioned in the 1st report, this present trial shows that we can calculate the characteristics when mean stress and shape factor vary, if either complex modulus or complex shear modulus is given.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (666K)
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