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29 巻, 198 号
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吉川 進三1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 239-244
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe conveying state of concentrated particles changes sensitively according to the local concentration of the particles ; namely, with the increase of the local concentration of particles the acceleration factor of particle "κ" decreases rapidly. Firstly, the new constant denoting the concentration of particles "m" modified from the mixing ratio "μ" by taking account of the specific weights and the velocities of air and particle, and the distribution of particles in vertical direction, is defined. Secondarily, from the experimental results on the spread positions of particles the decreases of the acceleration factor κ/κ0 are measured, where κ0 stands for the acceleration factor for single particle. From the above investigations, the following empirical formula is obtained.[numerical formula] By using the above formula, we can presume the velocity of concentrated particles and clogging of the pipe.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (770K) -
富田 幸雄, 土屋 健1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 245-253
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the flow of molten high polymers through capillaries, an instability occurs at shear stresses 106∼108 dynes/cm2. The instability results in emerging streams of irregular shape. Several explanations of extrudate irregularities have been published up to the present, but they may be considered to be insufficient. In this paper, considering that the flow states of viscoelastic fluid are governed by the elastic force, the viscous force and the inertia force, two dimensionless numbers R6* and NE are deduced. Then, it is verified by the experiment that the onset of instabilities in an extrudate of molten high polymers depends on these dimensionless numbers R6* and NE.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1034K) -
藤本 哲夫1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 253-262
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe rarefied gas flow on a semi-infinite flat plate is studied from the point of view of the kinetic theory of gases. The flow is assumed to be at a low speed, incompressible and at constant temperature. The molecular velocity distribution function is split into two regions. The Krook equation is used as the basic equation which is used to derive the full range moment equations. The derived moment equations are solved in terms of Laplace transformation. The qualitative characters of the flow is analized rather than quantitative characters, since the simplified half-range distribution function, the Krook equation in stead of the Bo1tzmann equation, and the Oseen approximation are used. The results obtained show that the slip flow theory is adequate at the far down stream of the leading edge, and the effect of the free molecule flow has to take into account as the point considered approaches to the leading edge.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (928K) -
石原 貞男, 杉岡 勲1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 263-269
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーBy analyzing the kinematics of the variable delivery axial plunger pump without connecting rod, the self-shifting moment which occurs in the tilt-box is determined, and it is shown that the control force of the tilt box which is required for designing the flow control mechanism can be determined by calculation. Main causes of the moment are as follows : (a) The shift of the contact points of plungers towards the upper part of the cam surface. (b) The pressure change from an ideal condition caused by the overlap of the valve surfaces. The oscillation of the tilt box is also explained. The analysis has been verified to be true by the experiment. The methods to reduce the control force are suggested.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1244K) -
松岡 祥浩1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 270-279
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with one method for calculating the flow in the two dimensional impeller of centrifugal type hydraulic machinery on the basis of the singularity method. This method has such a merit that the vortex, velocity and pressure distributions can be calculated without difficulty, even if the impeller has a number of vanes or splitter vanes. The calculations were performed with respect to several impellers and their results were respectively compared with the calculated ones by the conformal mapping or experimental one.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (837K) -
渡部 孝1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 280-286
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe author measured the relative flow conditions behind the impeller at an axial flow pump directly with a Pitot-tube rotating with the impeller hub, and investigated the characteristics of relative and absolute flow conditions through the impeller vanes, as flow in a rotating 3-dimensional airfoil cascade, including the effect of boundary layers along the walls of stationary casing and rotating impeller hub. The results show that the flow condition through impeller vanes are affected by the secondary flows induced from these wall boundary layers and peripheral velocities of the flow behind vanes somewhat differ from those obtained by 2-dimensional analysis. The results derived from this experiment were also compared with the mean velocity values measured by the stationary 3-hole cylindrical Pitot-tube, with good agreements.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (968K) -
村田 暹1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 287-296
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーRegarding the axisymmetric flow through an axial-flow turbo-machine, the radial equilibrium theory and the actuator disc theory have been expounded, in which the effects of impeller breadth and blade shape have not been considered. In this paper a method is presented, in which the above mentioned disadvantages are eliminated. To the axisymmetric flow through a turbo-machine of the free vortex type, the author applies the fundamental partial-differential equations derived from the equations given by Lorenz and Bauersfeld, and the following cases are treated. (1) The flow through an impeller at the off-design point is treated on the assumption that the flow in front of the impeller is potential one, and numerical examples are shown. (2) The flow through an impeller at the design point is treated on the assumption that the flow in front of the impeller is inviscid shear flow, and it is shown that the flow in the rear of the impeller has a more uniform axial-velocity distribution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (877K) -
浦木 侃治, 中嶋 俊夫, 山田 実, 辻埜 桂治1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 297-304
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the calculation of the vibration of the marine propeller shafting, it should be needed to assume the additive mass of water at the propeller and take into the consideration the damping effect. There are not so much reliable data for the above, at present. The authors have carried out the experiment of the hydrofoil in the translatory oscillation and applied its results to the actual calculations. This 1st reports shows the measuring apparatus and analytical methods of the experiment. The hydrofoils applied to the experiment are as follows. (1) Two-dimensional models of the aerofoil section and the circular arc section. (2) Three-dimensional models of the elliptic outline forms which axis length ratio are 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0. Then, the fluid dynamic characteristics of the hydrofoil are showed in the non-dimensional forms. That is, [numerical formula]In the above formula each notation has the meaning that, [table]抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1202K) -
浦木 侃治, 中嶋 俊夫, 山田 実, 辻埜 桂治1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 304-311
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this report the authors have treated the theoretical considerations for the experimental results which were reported already. The values of M and D in course of the translatory oscillation of the hydrofoil are found on the basis of the studies by Theodorsen, Jone and Munk. These results are comparated with the measuring values and then it becomes clear that, (1) The virtual mass coefficient M for the translatory oscillation of the thin hydrofoil may be calculated by the same theory as the aerofoil. (2) The damping effect coefficient D is severely deviated from the theoretical valve for the aerofoil, except the vicinity of the attack angle 0°. As we concluded that the above deviation is caused by the unsteady cavitation due to the oscillation, the experimental formula of D has been given as the quadratic form of the attack angle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (865K) -
谷田 好通, 八田 桂三, 浅沼 強1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 312-320
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose of investigating the aerodynamic damping effects on vibrating cascade blades, the authors made a water tunnel with a linear cascade in which five blades vibrate in a translatory mode with arbitrary frequency and phase angle between the adjacent blades. A series of experiments were carried out on an isolated blade and on the cascades with the following conditions ; Blades : NACA 65-(12) 10 (fixed : 8, vibrating : 5) chord : 30 mm span : 60 mm solidity : 1 stagger angle : 0°, 30° amplitude of vibration : 2 mm The experimental results were analyzed by comparing with the theoretical one hitherto obtained and with the aid of the considerations about the quasi-steady force of vibrating blades.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1219K) -
谷田 好通, 岡崎 卓郎1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 321-331
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーAmong theoretical studies about the aerodynamic force acting on vibrating blades in turbomachines, Whitehead's theory is the only one that has ever been undertaken for treating both stalled and unstalled blade vibrations on a unified basis. Unfortunately he made mistakes in comparing the order of magnitude of infinitesinal quantities, and moreover the assumption of the actuator disc cannot be expected to give a stability criterion for the blade flutter, because the assumption itself means that the reduced frequency is always zero, so his theory could give nothing but the erroneous results. Neverthless, the actuator disc method first applied by him to the vibration problems is very promising. This paper, correcting his mistakes, gives a theoretical method of calculating the aerodynamic force by the "semi-actuator disc" method which is an extension of the actuator disc method.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1081K) -
谷田 好通, 岡崎 卓郎1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 332-337
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the 1st report fundamental equations for calculating the aerodynamic force acting on the cascading blades vibrating in a translatory mode were given. This report shows the results of the calculation and gives the criterion for the flutter (the boundary of the region where the aerodynamic damping force cannot be negative).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (767K) -
山田 英夫1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 338-346
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe flow through a pipe, having orifice or nozzle at the entry, consists of two parts. The first is the diverging part of jet stream from the orifice and the second is the accelerating part. The relation between heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop at the first part is obtained by using dimensional relationships. The heat transfer coefficient at the second part can be obtained on the assumption that the flow at this part is developing boundary layer. When the area ratio is nearly 1, the second part flow becomes a fully developed one and the local heat transfer coefficient is constant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (802K) -
石谷 清幹, 沖 久靖1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 348-355
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーFilm boiling of water and CCl4 in a vessel under atmospheric pressure was experimentally studied by using SiC rods and nichrome wires heated by electricity. The heating surface was heated up to 1200°C and was up to 14 mm in diameter. In this first report are described the results obtained when the heated rods and wires were horizontally placed. Frederking's expression of the theory by Bromley indicates that the coefficient of heat transfer can be correlated by the equation as follows : [numerical formula] where M is a dimensionless number inversely proportional to the heat flux. It was found out by the authors' experiment for the extended range of surface temperatures and surface diameters that the effect of heat flux was represented not by M1/4 but M0 for thin wires and M1.0 for rods.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1003K) -
石谷 清幹, 井上 清, 木脇 充明, 稲井 駿樹1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 356-363
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーA new type of cylindrical boiler was successfuly developed in Japan to shut out almost completely the older types from the market. One important point about the new boiler is that the furnace heat release is nearly twice that of the older types. It might be suspected that the heavy load would cause overheating of the flue. To investigate the heat transfer characteristics of the flue, a test flue was placed in a tank to generate steam under atmospheric pressure. The heat flux and the surface temperature were measured at 9 points distributed on the flue. The furnace heat release was up to 1.3×106 kcal/m3h, which is in excess of the maximum rating of the actual boiler. When compared with the boiling heat transfer coefficients previously reported by the authors for small flat surfaces in a vessel, the coefficients at the top and side of the flue were in agreement, but the coefficient at the bottom of the flue was inferior to the downward facing small surface. The heat flux was smaller at the bottom. No overheating was observed at any point on the test flue even under such an extreme test conditions that the heat release was largest and protective brick layer at the bottom of the flue was removed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1229K) -
森 康夫, 牧 博司, 三賢 憲治1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 364-369
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe analysis of the flow in an impeller passage of a mixed and inward-flow radial turbine is very difficult due to many effective factors such as inertia force, Coriolis' force, three dimensionality, viscosity and compressibility. In this report, an approximate analytical method is presented for a steady three dimensional flow of nonviscous and compressible fluid through the impeller of a mixed and inward-flow radial turbine. To measure the pressure distribution on the rotating blades of the impeller of a radial turbine, a mixed and inward-flow radial turbine was manufactured. The experimental results are compared with those by theoretical analysis and good agreement is found to exist between them. It is also shown that the torque calculated from theoretical pressure distribution is in fairly good agreement with the torque measured by experiment抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (894K) -
堀 昭史1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 370-376
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with the optimum feedwater enthalpies of reheat steam cycle with a contact heater train. The author has found that, in case two or more heaters are placed above the reheat point, the final feedwater enthalpy can be obtained through simple formulae. The calculations are deve1oped on the basis of J.K. Salisbury's method. Calculated examples show that the change of the heat rate is rather gradual in the vicinity of the optimum feedwater enthalpies. The real optimum enthalpy value of feedwater at the outlet of the socalled "low pressure cycle" is a little lower than the optimum enthalpy va1ue of the simple regenerative cycle, but the difference between the heat rates obtained through these optimum enthalpy values, respectively, is negligible. The optimum distribution of heater enthalpy rise through the cycle is discussed briefly. Double reheat cycle is also described.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (832K) -
広安 博之, 棚沢 泰1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 377-385
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーA fuel is sprayed through a fuel nozzle for 0.5∼2 sec at the top of a tall sedimentation tower of about 6m in height and 0.7m in diameter. Though the falling speeds differ very much for coarse and fine drops, they all accumulate gradually on the very large (0.8m in diameter) scalepan of an automatic recording balance, set at the bottom of the tower. The calibration of the sedimentation tower is done by the molten wax method. From these calibration curves, the weight-time cumulative curve can easily be converted into the weight-diameter cumlative curve, from which the median diameter and the distribution of the size of sprayed drops may be found. As an example for the use of this drop size analyser, fuel sprays from various types of injection nozzles used in Diesel engines were tested. Distributions of the size of drops in all sprays were proved to fit well the chi-square distribution function.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1106K) -
今井 健次1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 385-394
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーThe distributions of flow rate and mixing ratio are studied for a spray generated by two impinging jets which are generally used for bipropellant liquid rocket systems using hypergol. Instead of the propellant system a water model is used, in which two jets have the same dimensions and one of them is colored. Flow distribution patterns are greatly changed by injection angle ; the flow rate concentrates to the central part with a small injection angle, and increases to the direction of injection with the increase of the injection angle, attaining a flat distribution over 90°. About mixing ratio patterns, equi-mixing lines are nearly parallel to the center line perpendicular to the directions of injection. The two jets flow penetrating each other, so that color of spray is deeper on the oposite side of colored one. To discuss the mixing property, the present auther has introduced "total mixing efficiency" whose value changes according to injection angle. It shows a minimum value when the injection angle is near to right angle, increasing as the injection angle increases or decreases. Flow rate distribution and mixing ratio distribution are also changed according to the shape of nozzle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1765K) -
長尾 不二夫, 池上 詢, 小西 博1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 395-400
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーCombustion noise of the Diesel engine of a pre-combustion chamber type will be originated for some mechanical reason due to a sharp pressure rise in the main chamber. This pressure is determined by the rate of heat reliese in it and the inflow of gas from the auxiliary chamber. To clarify the latter effect, which will be closely related with the pressure rise in the auxiliary chamber and the area of the connecting passage, an air model was introduced. The pressure rise in the main chamber caused by the sudden pressure jump in the auxiliary chamber was measured for various areas of the connecting passage, and was compared with theoretical calculation in which the gas inertia was neglected. As a result, it has been revealed that the rate of pressure rise in the main chamber is proportional to the area ratio of the passage and inversely proportional to the volume ratio of the main chamber. Application to the actual engines shows that a rapid combustion in the pre-chamber, if it may happen, is strongly relieved, resulting in a smooth pressure rise in the main chamber with the pre-chamber type engine, while it cannot with the swirl chamber type.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1096K) -
長尾 不二夫, 池上 詢, 宮下 直也1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 401-406
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIt was suggested in the previous paper that the area of the connecting passage in a divided chamber type Diesel engine determines wheither the sharp pressure rise in the auxiliary chamber transmits to the main chamber. No attention, however, was paid to the pressure wave propagation in the chamber that would possibly be of importance. In order to make up this, the water analogue method was applied to simulate such a two-dimensional unsteady problem. Test results show that, with a wide connecting passage, a sharp pressure pulse is formed and spreads in the main chamber, followed by a rapid pressure rise and pressure vibration of relatively low pitch. Such pulse and vibration decline with the decrease of the passage area and with smoothing the pressure rise in the auxiliary chamber. Owing to this pulse, the maximum rate of pressure rise in the main chamber is exceedingly larger than the theoretical one predicted in the previous paper, while the average rate coincides virtually with it, if fine waves are ignored.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1236K) -
高原 万寿雄, 飯塚 和夫1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 407-414
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーIt is very difficult to measure and classify accurately the mechanical losses in the internal combustion engine running under power. In this paper, the authors present the retardation method containing two graphical approaches derived from the differential equation of motion under free revolution, cutting off the power, to evaluate and classify the mechanical losses in the engine, and then compare this method with the conventional methods commonly used. The experiments obtained by the retardation method show high accuracy of the evaluation and discrimination of mechanical losses in the engine. In conclusion, the retardation method is proved to be a useful technique for the measurement of mechanical losses in the engine, and supposed to be better than the methods commonly used since it can classify the each component of mechanical losses.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (910K) -
福田 基一1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 415-422
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーWhen designing a muffler, the frequency characteristics of the attenuation of the noise to be muffled must be prepared in advance. This paper is intended to report a method to find the frequency characteristics through calculation. And it is suggested that NC curves are desirable as the standard level for designing a muffler. Finally, the example calculated for an autobicycle engine is shown.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (961K) -
斎藤 宗三1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 422-438
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーMany four-stroke diesel engines, whose output has been increased by about 15% over the conventional naturally aspirated engines basing on the so called "Exhaust Impulse Principle", have been manufactured. At present 150000 B.HP of these engines have been used without any particular trouble owing to application of this principle. There are two different methods to utilize exhaust pulse ; i.e. "Self cylinder impulse method" and "Other cylinder impulse method". The engine, to which the former is applied, has been equipped with exhaust pipes, and negative pressure occurs in the exhaust pipes during 120 deg-of crank revolution angle near top dead centre, the later utilizes the exhaust impulse caused by the adjacent fired cyinder. Theoritical brief method is developed for calculating the pressure change in the exhaust pipe. Design method and data, for the former type of engines and special expansion tanks to control exhaust pipe length, are given. Concerning the latter method, 2nd report is expected to be prepared.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1560K) -
斎藤 宗三1963 年 29 巻 198 号 p. 439-455
発行日: 1963/02/25
公開日: 2008/03/28
ジャーナル フリーConcerning "Self cylinder impulse method", the 1st report was presented. "Other cylinder impulse method" is applied to 5, 6-and 7-cylinder engines, exhaust gas from all cylinders are exhausted into a common manifold, and the negative pressure ocurred in the manifold near top dead centre due to the exhaust impulse by the adjacent fired cylinder, is utilized to improve the scavenging efficiency. The volumetric efficiency, appling this method, increases up to about 100 %. Theoretical method for calculating pressure change in the manifold, including branch and connecting pipes, is developed. Design method and data for this method of engine are given. As an exhaust pipe length and sectional area affect pressure wave in exhaust pipe and an engine performance, a specially designed exhaust silencer in which an adjustable exhaust pipe is enclosed, and a special expansion tank should be installed when the exhaust impulse engine is actually installed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1672K)
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