Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
Online ISSN : 2185-9485
Print ISSN : 0029-0270
ISSN-L : 0029-0270
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Volume 29, Issue 202
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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  • Machinability of Metals : Effect of Microstructure of Metals a Tool Life and Surface Finish
    Keiji OKUSHIMA, Kazuaki IWATA, Takeshi KURIMOTO
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1005-1012
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1005
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    Three grades of carbon steel (S15C, S40C, and SK4) which contain four different kinds of lamellar pearlite microstructure for each grade were machined for the tests of tool life and surface finish. The effect of globular pearlite structure in high carbon steels on machinability was compared with that of lamellar pearlite structure. The effects of nonmetallic constituent and crystal grain in steels on tool life were also discussed. It was found that the microstructure of lamellar portion of pearlite in carbon steels affects the machinability based upon the tool life and surface finish, and that globular pearlite structure improves the machinability better than lamellar pearlite sturucture.
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  • Machinability of Metals : Effect of Microstructure of Metals on Cutting Mechanism, Continued Report
    Keiji OKUSHIMA, Kazuaki IWATA, Seiji NAKATANI
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1014-1021
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1014
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    The effect of microstructure of work materials on machinability was investigated from the viewpoint of cutting mechanism. The work materials with martensite, bainite, troostite, Widmanstatten, sorbite, pearlite microstructure were used and these materials were tested over a wide range. The effects of microstructure of work materials on cutting force, mean frictional angle on tool face, conventional shear angle, inclination angles of starting and end boundary lines of the flow region, sector angle of the flow region, shearing stress on shear plane and tool face, conventional shear strain, shear strain on end boundary line of the flow region were discussed. The effect of microstructure of work materials on machinability was made clear.
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  • On the Performance Tests of Single-Point Sintered Carbide Tools : On the Determination Method of Tool Life in Test of Turning Type
    Titoku KUMAGAI
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1023-1033
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1023
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    Sintered carbide tools are produced, purchased, and used usually in forms of a lot. Therefore the evaluation of their performance quality must be practiced from a standpoint of "quality of a lot". For the present, however, the standardized procedure of life tests on JIS and ASA, does not give any consideration for such evaluation of quality of a lot, and also the determination method of tool lift equation is not yet definitly established. This article gives a rational statistical method of determining parameters of tool life equation (VT1/n=C). A systematic procedure of processing experimental data by using a technique of weighed linear regression analysis is showed. And the usefulness of this method is assured by some turning type of tool life tests.
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  • On the Performance Tests of Single-Point Sintered Carbide Tools : On the Determination Method of Tool Life in Test of Facing Type
    Titoku KUMAGAI
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1035-1042
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1035
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    Turning type of tool life tests, which is commonly used for this purpose, requires much time and materials, and is so expensive. I showed in this article the simple but useful method for tool lift tests by means of facing type of tests. This method contains two ways, one is D-type facing cutting test of which the diameter of disk is varied keeping the turning speed constant, another is N-type facing cutting test of which the turning speed of disk is varied keeping the diameter constant. The relation between these variable and the wear is linear on the log-log paper, so the linear regression analysis is very useful in both D-and N-type tests. Many samples of P-20 sintered carbide tools were tested, and it was assured that estimation of tool life equation by this method is exactly coincide with that of turning type of tests.
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  • Drilling on 18-8 Staioless Steel : Concerning with the Surface Roughness and the Accuracy
    Minoru NISHIHACHIJO
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1043-1053
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1043
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    This paper describes the surface roughness and the accuracy of drilled hole on 18-8 stainless steel. I refered to my report "Adhesions between Various Tool Materials and 18-8 Stainless steel". The results are as follows : To prevent the adhesions between the stainless steel and the drill is most effective for good finish. For this purpose, Su1phurized Oil is effective as the cutting fluid. Concerning the drilling conditions, proper cutting edge angles, cutting speeds and feed speeds can be obtained. Low temperature drilling is effective, too, for slow feed.
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  • On the Tool Wear in Cutting of Plastics
    Masami MASUKO, Junichiro KUMABE, Sadamasa AMMI
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1054-1062
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1054
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    In this paper, an elemental study related to the selection of tool materials used to cut plastics is discussed, the tool wears caused by cutting of plastics by High-Speed-Steel tool and some kind of carbide tools are discribed. From these studies, Some effects of cutting conditions upon the tool wear and the kind of tool materials most suitable for cutting plastics are made clear. Some experimental results obtained are as follows : (1) In cutting of Phenol Resin, hard PVC Resin and Nylon, the flank wear of the HSS-Tool is more remarkable than that of the carbide tool. (2) As for cutting of plastics by the carbide tool, P-Class (marked ISO) is suitable for ductile materials and K-Class is suitable for brittle materials, respectively. (3) Referring to the cutting mechanism of plastics, the carbide tool of P-Class is usefull for a flow-type cutting and that of K-Class is usefull for a shear or crack type cutting, as observed in cutting of metals. (4) The flank wear of tool is more remarkable in cutting of plastics which show an intermittent cutting phenomenon like Phenol Resin than in cutting of plastics like hard PVC Resin and Nylon, hereupon the former is formed in laminae by fibers but the latters have no laminae. (5) Both the cutting ratio and the shear angle of plastics are larger than those of metals.
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  • Chatter Vibration in Turning : 5th Report, On the Vibration Generating in Machining a Brass
    Takanao SUGIMOTO
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1063-1067
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1063
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    The chip created during machining a brass is periodically broken up. Changing the cutting force periodically also, the tool and the work take up a forced vibration. According to the experimental study, the tool and the work, being a kind of the self-excited vibrating system, have a resonance at some cutting speed and generate a chatter vibration above the resonant cutting speed.
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  • Studies on Stress Relieving Methods for Welded Joints of Stainless Clad Steel : 5th Report, Stress and General Corrosion Test
    Masaki WATANABE, Hiroshi WATANABE
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1068-1074
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1068
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    In the previous reports we studied the mechanism of various stress relieving methods to the welded joints of stainless clad steel. Now in this report we investigated experimentally the effects of these methods on the sensitivity of stress corrosion, general and intercrystal corrosion of the stainless part of clad steel. As the result of experiments we have reached the following conclusions ; 1. so called "annealing" is not only ineffective in prevension of the stress corrosion cracking, but also harmful to the intercrystal corrosion due to the segregation of Cr-carbide. 2. all the stress relieving methods such as peening, overstrainning and shot peening, except annealing are very effective in the prevention of corrosion cracking, at the same time these methods are not harmful for the resistance of intercrystal corrosion. Finally we should like to say that the shot peening method is the most convenient and effective method of all because its operation is very easy.
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  • On the Rockwell Hardness Test of Thin Metal Sheet : Effect of Anvil
    Takeo YOSHIZAWA, Koshiro KUROKI
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1075-1083
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1075
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    Concerning the superficial Rockwell hardness test of thin metal sheets, the effects of spot-anvils made of steel or diamond are investigated. As the sheet becomes thinner, the difference between the measured hardness values obtained upon steel anvil and diamond anvil is significant. It is adequate to use the diamond anvil instead of the steel anvil for the stable and reliable hardness test of thin metal sheets.
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  • Researches on the Synthesis of the Six-Bar Linkage (A·3 Type)
    Kiyoshi OGAWA
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1084-1089
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1084
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    Previously, the author presented researches on the synthesis of a four-bar linkage in which new precise methods of the numerical calculation on A Type was derived, but, since the equation in R was complex, a digital-computer program was described exhaustively. In this paper, a sixth-degree algebraic equation in R has been reduced to a third-degree and a new vector diagramatic solution of the characteristic equation has been deviced. As a result, a more rapid synthesis of A Type of the 6-bar linkage is obtained, which has an accuracy higher than that described in the previous paper.
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  • Runout Measurement of Helical Gears by Pins
    Kojiro KANEKO
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1090-1098
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1090
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    Runout measurement of helical gears by pins is one of the precision measurement methods of gears. In this, after inserting into each space of a gear which rotates slowly at a constant speed a pin of the same diameter, the change of position marked by the pin in relation to the radial direction of the gear to be examined is read or recorded by a gauge with the help of a measuring rod. However, when applying this method to a helical gear, we encounter with many problems yet to be solved. In this paper, the author attempts, from the fundamental viewpoints, to analyse the contact mechanics of a helical gear with pins, and as a result introduces some solution to these prob1ems.
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  • On an Apparatus Eliminating the Eccentric Effects for Measuring Cylindrical Part
    Koyu MIYAZAKI
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1099-1101
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1099
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    There are two cases for measuring the roundness of a cylindrical work ; the one for the work with two centre-holes on its sides and the other for the one without the centre-hole. For the former case, setting aside the latter, we are obliged to have a considerable amount of labour for calculation to eliminate the eccentric terms caused by two centre-holes, and so this case is apt to be unavailable. In the present paper, in order to get rid of such inconvenience, the author proposes a new electronical method, and makes it clear that the eccentric effects of two centre-holes are simply eliminated and a precise test of roundness can easily be performed by this method.
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  • Frictional Properties of Irradiated Polymer at Elevated Temperatures
    Kiyoshi MATSUBARA, Makoto WATANABE
    1963 Volume 29 Issue 202 Pages 1102-1109
    Published: June 25, 1963
    Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1299/kikai1938.29.1102
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    A study of the frictional behavior of the irradiated high density polyethylene over a temperature range from about 2O°C up to 200°C is described. In this work it is found that the coefficient of friction μ increases with increasing temperature until about the melting point of this material (the first stage), and above the melting point it decreases to a constant value (the second stage). As an example μ of the highest-irradiated specimen increases at first from .0.4 up to 0.6, and above the melting point it decreases to 0.15. The phenomenon of the first stage becomes more remarkable with increasing radiation dose, but the constant low value of μ at the second stage seems independent of radiation dose. It is suggested that the frictional behaviors of the irradiated polymer at elevated temperatures may be explained not by thedecrease of adsorbed gases on the sliding surface or the change of S/P (S : shearing strength ; P : hardness or yield pressure) of the polymer, but by a deformation factor in sliding friction which was previously described by Tabor. The deformation factor probably consists, here, of the loss caused by the relative displacement of crystallites of polymers surrounded by network chains, which have been produced by irradiation.
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