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堀辺 忠志
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1299-1304
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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A simplified approach using the boundary integral equation method is presented in this paper to analyze the steady-state response of beams subjected to harmonic excitation. The fundamental solution required in the boundary integral formulation is derived by solving a singular differential equation. Some simple problems of beams are considered and the results are compared with the actual ones. Moreover, to show the practicablity of the boundary integral equation approach, a more complicated system of the beams is analyzed and it is shown that the numerical results closely agree with the actual ones.
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山田 元, 小林 幸徳, 小川 文輔, 入江 敏博
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1305-1308
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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An analysis is presented for the free vibration of a joined spherical shell-annular plate system. For this purpose, the governing equation of vibration of a spherical shell including an annular plate as a special case are written as a coupled set of first order differential equations using the transfer matrix of the shell. Once the transfer matrix has been determined by quadrature of the equations, the entire structure matrix is obtained by the product of the transfer matrices and the point matrix at the joint of the shell-plate system, and the frequency equation is derived in terms of the elements of the structure matrix. The method is applied to the system clamped at the outer edge of the plate, and the natural frequencies and the mode shapes of vibration are calculated numerically.
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永井 健一, 八巻 昇
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1309-1316
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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Theoretical analyses are presented for the title problem under four sets of boundary conditions. By the use of the Galerkin procedure, the Donnell equations modified with the transverse inertia force are reduced to the coupled Hill's equations. Stability regions are examined by utilizing Hsu's method. Calculations are carried out for typical shells and the instability boundary of the principal, secondary and combination parametric resonances are determined. It is found that unperturbed axisymmetric bending motion has a significant effect on the stability boundary for shells of moderate length while the effect of longitudinal resonance is generally negligible for thin shells.
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久保田 裕二
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1317-1322
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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The high frequency response of a concentrated mass on a plate under a point random force has been discussed. The approximate expression for the local response of the concentrated mass has been derived using component modal analysis and asymptotic modal analysis (AMA). It is shown that the response of the concentrated mass depends on the ratio of the plate mass per (squared) wavelength to the value of the concentrated mass. The approximate expression becomes more accurate as the number of plate modes of interest increases.
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金光 陽一
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1323-1328
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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A test rig comprising a shaft system connected by a gear coupling and a dummy shaft system to transmit static torque was made for confirming the analytical method of torsional response presented in the first report. The analytical result and the experimental result were compared and their response curves show good agreement when the teeth of gear coupling contact at the back face. Furthermore the effect of angular acceleration on resopnse was investigated by changing the magnitude of the dynamic torque and the lubricant. When the magnitude of dynamic torque is relatively large and contact of teeth at the back occurs, the transient response curves change drastically during deceleration. However, during acceleration they do not change. If the clearance of coupling is filled with lubricant, the maximum transient response is smaller than that without lubricant when the angular velocity decelerates. But the maximum transient response with lubricant is almost the same as that without lubricant in acceleration.
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稲垣 泰一
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1329-1335
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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フリー
Vibrations of the rotating shaft system have been studied for centuries. In particular, recent researches have dramatically progressed thanks to the development of computers and measuring technology. From around 1970, we started to develop a reliable vibration analysis system for rotating shaft systems, and have presently succeeded in the development of a total system capable of analyzing vibrations of the shafting as a compound system including both rotor foundation and casing model. The computation method of this system is based on the Myklestad-Prohl transfer matrix method, and permits a multi rotor and multi foundation system.
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金子 覚
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1336-1344
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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The stability limits for a linearized model of a symmetric horizontal flexible rotor rotating in cylindrical journal bearings with axial flow in the clearance induced by a pressure difference between both ends are studied theoretically. In this report, the effect of pressure difference between both ends of journal bearings on the stability threshold speed (onset speed of half speed whirl) is investigated. In the present analysis, the dynamic Reynolds equation is applied to the system, and numerically solved with the pressure drop mainly due to the axial acceleration of the oil at the inlet end of the journal bearing being taken into account. The stability threshold speed is obtained by linearizing the equation of motion about the equilibrium and applying the Bairstow-Hitchcock method to solve the characteristic equation. It is found that pressure difference influences the stability threshold speed, which increases with pressure difference except in the range of low pressure difference.
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小泉 孝之, 岸本 福太郎
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1345-1351
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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A method is proposed for estimating the vibrational characteristics of resonant frequencies and resonant modes of a sealed core structure which is used for a large scale shunt reacter. Yettram's framework theory has been extended to treat an anisotropic plate and has been verified through experimental work on a model sealed core. After this verification this method is tried by applying a conceptional design for a sealed core of actual shunt reactor. Throughout this conceptional design work, sufficient capability for investigating the interference between structural design and electromagnetic exciting force has been recognized.
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綾部 隆, 末岡 淳男, 田村 英之
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1352-1357
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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The authors analyze the coupled vibrations between wheels and a rail in the horizontal direction, taking Kalker's linear creepage theorem into account as the rolling contact model. They calculate the steady-state responses of SHlNKANSEN wheels and a 60kg rail at the points of contact, and the integral estimations of the vibration velocity all over the wheels and the rail. As a result, it is found that the rail is strongly influenced by the wheel characteristics in the coupled vibration while the wheels themselves hold their individual ones. The contributions of wheels and rail to the rolling noise are also examined in the horizontal vibrations.
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原 文雄
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1358-1362
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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A small rectangular tank installed with two vertical pipes at both sides of the tank was filled with water flowing due to water ejection and suction through holes in the pipes. The tank system was excited at the natural sloshing frequency and the relationship between sloshing magnitude and flow velocity was experimentally investigated for four kinds of flow patterns. The experiment revealed that the sloshing vibration was almost completely suppressed when steady flow in the water surface reached a certain magnitude that reduced the first natural frequency of the sloshing by about 5% to that of still water sloshing. Taking the steady flow in the water surface into a potential analysis of the sloshing vibration, we obtained the natural frequency as f=(1/2π) √(gk tanh(kh)-(Uk)
2), k=π/l, l=tank width, which gave a fairly good explanation for the sloshing suppression of a flowing liquid system.
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田中 守, 藤田 勝久
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1363-1367
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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An analytical estimation method is described for the shell mode vibration of piping coupled with the pulsation of contained fluid. The object of the analysis is restricted to the N=0 (N denotes circumferential wave number) mode of shell vibration. The contained fluid is considered as an axisymmetric viscous flow, and continuity at pipe wall is defined as the coupling condition between the pipe wall vibration and fluid pulsation. The response of a coupled system is formulated in the frequency domain by means of the transfer matrix method. The estimated responses of pressure pulsation and piping vibration are compared with measured responses in a model piping system having a simple configuration, and it is found that the estimated frequency frequency response and mode shapes agree well with the measured data.
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石井 徳章, 福嶋 雅文, 澤井 清, 佐野 潔, 今市 憲作
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1368-1376
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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This study presents an analytical method to reveal the dynamic behavior of a scroll type compressor of small capacity. The calculated results are summarized on the basis of the gas-torque fluctuation, the crankshaft rotary behavior, the constraint forces at each pair of machine elements, the unbalanced forces of inertia, the compressor vibrations, the mechanical losses and the mechanical efficiency. It is concluded from this study that the scroll compressors have revolutionarily well-balanced dynamic characteristics in their vibrations and on the contrary have a bad characteristic in their mechanical efficiency, compared with the commonly used, one-rolling-piston-type rotary compressors.
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日野 順市, 山下 隆志, 芳村 敏夫, 長松 昭男
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1377-1383
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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フリー
This paper is concerned with the dynamic responses for structures subject to a moving load. The dynamic responses of the structures are obtained using the mode synthesis method. The transverse vibration of a beam when a vehicle moves on a beam is treated as a model example. The vehicle is modelled by a linear system with 6 degrees of freedom. The physical coordinates expressing the equations of motion for the beam and the vehicle are transformed into the modal coordinates. Since the resultant equations of motion for the structure and the moving load are coupled with time-dependent coefficients, the time histories of deflections of the beam at the mid-point, and the relative deflections of the vehicle are calculated using the PC-12 method, which is one kind of numerical integration method. The obtained results are compared with the experimental results, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.
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日野 順市, 谷住 和也, 芳村 敏夫, 長松 昭男
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1384-1390
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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The substructure synthesis method using the experimental and the finite element techniques is applied to a compact motor used as a part of vacuum cleaner. Since a compact motor is so complicated in its geometry, it is difficult for the computation load to analyze the vibration of the whole structure at the time. Therefore, the mode synthesis method using the experimental and analytical data is applied to the motor. It is divided into substructures, as a rotor, a stator and two frames. The transfer function for each substructure is measured by impact testing, and those modal parameters are extracted by the curve fitting procedure. However, the modal parameters of the rotor are obtained by the formulation of FEM, because it has a few measuring or exciting points. The modal characteristic obtained from the all substructures is synthesized by using the mode synthesis method, and the dynamic characteristic of the whole structure is analyzed.
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高野 英資, 原 利昭, 佐伯 暢人
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1391-1400
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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Oscillations caused by solid friction in hydraulic driving systems are treated theoretically. The system consists of a table lying on a rectilinear sliding surface, an actuater cylinder, a 4-way servo valve, a relief valve, an oil pump and so on. The solid friction force considered is assumed to vary with the relative sliding velocities between the table and sliding surface, namely the friction-velocity characteristic is given by a polygon having two straight line segments and the critical value of static friction is equal to the value of kinetic friction without slipping. The stick-slip motions of the table are analysed considering the 4-way valve pressure-flow characteristic, friction-velocity relation, oil compressibility and the sizes of the hydraulic driving elements. Several types of limit cycles and the regions in which they occur are shown in figures according to the parameters meotioned above. Lastly, the steady-state displacement waves of the table are described and the curves of amplitudes and their periods are given.
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藤田 聡, 藤田 隆史, 佐々木 恒夫, 藤本 滋, 成川 昇, 鶴谷 千明
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1401-1409
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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フリー
For industrial facilities, such as computer centres, semiconductor manufacturing factories and fast breeder reactor power stations, earthquake isolation systems used for buildings should not only attenuate the seismic response of the buildings but also reduce the response of the internal equipment. From this point of view, isolation systems using various types of damper have been evaluated through both experimental tests of a 0.3 scale model of a building supported by rubber bearings and theoretical analysis, to find the most suitable systems for industrial facilities. The performance of two types of isolation system using friction dampers and lead shear dampers respectively was examined. The results showed that both systems using these hysteretic dampers could attenuate the response accelerations of the building and limit the excessive deflexion of rubber bearings. However neither system, particularly the system using friction dampers, was less effective in reducing the response acceleration of the internal equipment.
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藤田 聡, 藤田 隆史, 佐々木 恒夫, 藤本 滋, 成川 昇, 鶴谷 千明
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1410-1417
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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フリー
Earthquake isolation systems for industrial facilities should perform satisfactorily not only for the buildings but also for the internal equipment. From this point of view, earthquake isolation systems using laminated rubber bearings and various types of energy absorbing devices have been evaluated through experimental tests of a 0.3 scale model of a two-storey steel-frame building and theoretical analysis, to find the most suitable systems for industrial facilities. The performance of two types of isolation systems using oil dampers and viscous shear dampers, being representative of viscous damper, respectively was examined. Both systems using these viscous dampers could not only reduce the response accelerations of the building itself but also remarkably attenuate the response of the internal equipment. However neither system, particularly the system using oil dampers, seemed to be suitable to earthquake of having lower dominant frequencies such as Akita NS ground motion record because the deflexion of rubber bearings was not adequately limited.
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田中 信雄, 菊島 義弘
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1418-1426
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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This paper deals with a method of designing a dynamic damper with the preview action proposed in the previous papers. It is the purpose of this paper to achieve an optimal design of the dynamic damper with the preview action, which is applied to a vibratory system with damping. First, in order to attain a systematic design of the dynamic damper system, a modern control theory is used, and two kinds of design equations are derived ; one for optimal design parameters and the other for optimal preview action. Then, from the viewpoint of nonlinear programming, these equations are solved, presenting design charts of the dynamic damper with the preview action. Furthermore, a dominant factor of the control effect is investigated. Finally, the design procedure proposed in the present paper is applied to a conventional dynamic damper, and the control effect for the suppression of impact vibration is discussed.
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井村 章夫, 藤川 猛, 頭井 洋, 白倉 貴雄
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1427-1434
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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A simplified simulation technique is described for the impact stress analysis of elastic bodies which contain rigid bodies, as in the case of stacked nuclear waste storage canisters. A numerical method based on Guyan's static condensation is proposed which neglects coupling mass terms between rigid and elastic bodies. Modal analytical theory shows that the accuracy of this new method depends on the minimum modal mass ratio (MMMR) between elastic bodies and an induced equivalent mass-spring system, that is, a simplified system which assumes a linear displacement field. For systems with MMMR values greater than 5, this new technique yields results close to those of the more complicated Finite Element Method which requires a considerable computation time. It is a simple and inexpensive way to analyze complex elastic systems which include many rigid parts.
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玉井 裕, 高萩 敏男, 中井 幹雄
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1435-1442
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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The coincidence effect of a thin circular plate clamped at its edge in an infinite rigid baffle is discussed. It is shown theoretically that the radiation efficiency c for the finite plate displays a peak just above the critical frequency. This phenomenon was verified by the experiments. When the finite plate is vibrationally excited, the natural frequency (the pth mode) close to the forcing frequency has the greatest influence on the sound radiation. Therefore we can assume that 0= ζ
pp, whereζ
pp is the self-radiation resistance of the pth mode. The integral expression formulated forζ
pp shows that the vibration energy is transformed into sound energy radiated through the filter which possesses the sound radiation characteristic. The theoretical analysis of this equation reveals that the coincidence effect of the finite plate occurs at the frequency which simultaneously satisfies the two conditions ; the resonance excitation and the highest effective transformation from the vibration to the radiated sound.
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田中 俊光, 宇津野 秀夫, 増田 輝男, 神崎 奈津夫
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1443-1449
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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A highly efficient method for three-dimensional analysis of the acoustical characteristics of a silencer is proposed. This method enables a sound field to be analyzed by combining new three dimensional transfer matrices derived by using the boundary element method (BEM) with one dimensional transfer matrices for plane wave propagations. Results obtained through the new proposed method agreed well with results of the finite element method (FEM) and with those of the plane-wave theory in the frequency region where plane-wave propagation can be assumed. The spacial distribution of pulsation pressure in a large silencer which was installed on the discharge side was measured. These measured data are compared with the computation results to show the good accuracy of this method. This method requires much less time than is needed for the BEM and the FEM.
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山本 純雄, 佐藤 啓仁, 波多野 喜章
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1450-1453
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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The structure of a turbidity concept is indistinct because turbidity measurement is sensorial. The authors tried to clarify the structure in this study. The analysis procedure of the experimental results is as follows : first, the scaling of turbidity is carried out, and second, its structure is clarified by means of multidimensional scaling and multiple regression analysis, It is concluded that there are three fundamental factors ; the particle concentration, the particle size and the color, and these factors are recognized as being of different importance depending on concentration.
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疋田 弘光, 久保田 譲, 山下 光久
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1454-1458
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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A design method is proposed which is useful for constructing a high gain feedback control system. The total system derived by this method is considered to be two subsystems : a fast-mode system and a slow-mode system. The pole assignment of these subsystems is arbitrary. The fast-mode system can be chosen to be of higher order than the number of the inputs. The method can be applied to a servo system. It is also investigated from the viewpoint of its effectiveness in disturbance and parameter variations.
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杉本 浩一, 原 敦子, 坂上 志之
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1459-1464
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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The computer algorithm for generating all the possible structural patterns of mechanisms with given degrees of freedom, number of general constraints and number of loops has been developed. First, basic graphs composed of links with three or more kinematic pairs, which represent shapes of loops, are determined and the kinematic graphs are obtained by allocating binary links to some edges of each basic graph. The number of cases to be considered when allocating binary links to the edges decreases by grouping the edges of basic graphs with the same characteristics and consequently, the computation time is well reduced.
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小幡 文雄, 藤田 公明
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1465-1472
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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As a basic study for making clear the effects of load distribution in the tooth trace direction on the anti-seizure capacity of lubricating oil, the effects of contact width on asperity interaction and the anti-seizure capacity under uniform bearing have been studied for a gear base oil with a two-cylinder test rig at a high specific sliding. The seizure took place from the mixed lubrication state. Though the asperity interaction is high at a small contact width, the effects of contact width on the asperity interaction diminishes as the contact width is enlarged. At a small surface roughness, the seizure load and the outer surface bulk temperature just before seizure increase as the contact width is enlarged. On the other hand, at a large surface roughness, in the higher sliding velocity range, the seizure load diminishes as the contact width is enlarged over a certain value, and the outer surface bulk temperature just before seizure is lower than that at the small one.
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高橋 敏猛, 左治木 清六, 上島 和男, 吉野 耕作
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1473-1476
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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A computer program was developed to analyze the characteristics of a Michell typed thrust bearing pad. Both the Reynolds and the adiabatic energy equations were solved to determine pressures and temperatures in the oil film. Thermal and pressure deformations of the pad were decided by FEM. Calculated values for both the pressure distribution in the film and the balanced state of the pad compared fairly well with measured values, but calculated film temperatures showed a systematic deviation. Heat transfer terms were added to the energy equation following Vohr's theory, in order to achieve practical improvements by means of some assumptions. Questions and tentative solutions about the nonadiabatic energy equation are discussed and reported here, including how to fix the heat transfer coefficients. The new equation was a applied to a factory experiment, which seemed to reveal a defective feature in the energy equation.
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井沢 実, 下田 博一, 松田 和也
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1477-1481
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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The present report describes the results of experimental studies on the dustproof performances of several wipers for ball screws. All the wipers for the experiments used in the study have already been put into pratical use. The results may be summarized as follows : (1) The dustproof performance of a metal wiper improves as its radial clearance is decreased. (2) If a resin wiper is assembled into a ball screw being lightly pressed against a screw shaft raceway, almost the same effect as a metal wiper is obtained in dustproof performance. (3) A brush wiper is improved in dustproof performance and its durability as compared with a felt wiper, but their contact friction torques become so large that they can no longer be disregarded as compared to the friction torque of a ball screw.
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松崎 良男, 風巻 恒司
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1482-1486
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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In this paper, the effect of surface roughness appearing on a turned sealing surface on compressive stress and compressive force of copper gaskets (a fiat gasket, a ring joint gasket and a copper wire gasket) was studied. The results obtained can be summarized as follows : (I) In the case of a flat gasket or a ring joint gasket, in order to ignore both the surface roughness appearing on a turned sealing surface and the cross section of gasket, the compressive stress for sealing had to be nearly equal to 1.3 times the tensile strength of the copper gasket. (2) In the case of a ring joint gasket or a copper wire gasket, the values of maximum heigh roughness, in which the minimum compressive force for sealing applied, were found in the region between 2μm and 20μm or not less than 110μm respectively
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池内 健, 森 美郎, 西田 徹
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1487-1494
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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This paper presents a new hydrodynamic seal ; the pressure drops caused by the reverse steps reduce the hydrodynamic film force, while they scarcely affect the film stiffness if the steps are deep enough. Thus the clearance is controlled at high speed operation. The numerical analysis clarifies that the leakage flow rate of the seal is less than a critical value over the entire range of rotating velocities. The critical leakage flow rate which corresponds to a zero hydrodynamic film force condition is determined by the seal face design, and is independent of the balance ratio. If the seal operates at a relatively low balance ratio, the hydrodynamic lubricating film is formed from a low velocity, in addition, the leakage is limited at a high velocity. The experimental results confirm that a seal with reverse steps shows excellent performance over a wide range of rotating velocities.
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下田 博一, 井沢 実
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1495-1499
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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The present report is concerned with the friction torque of oscillatory balll screws for various oscillatory angles of the screw shaft. The effect of reduction of the oscillatory friction torque by the use of spacer balls and the influence of lubricant on the oscillatory friction torque are also discussed. The results may be summarized as follows : (1) The oscillatory friction torque exceeds normal friction torque in the region of oscillatory angles of 15°∼2880°. (2) The upper limit of the region agrees approximately with an angle corresponding to 2 times the number of thread turns of the ball nut. (3) The oscillatory friction torque has a maximum at an oscillatory angle of 360°. (4) The maximum value attains 2. I times the friction torque in normal operation. (5) Use of spacer balls is effective for reducing the oscillatory friction torque.
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田中 裕久
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1500-1506
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
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A continuously variable transmission (CVT) will contribute to improve the fuel economy of automotive propulsion systems The half toroidal traction drive is a rolling element type CVT with a feature of low spin in contact area. In this report, a theoretical estimation method of speed and torque transmission efficiencies is shown by making a shear model of traction fluid in EHL contact area. Theoretical results are compared to test results of a prototype of nominal input torque capacity of 120 N·m, rotational speed of 5000 rpm and maximum speed ratio of 6.25.
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久島 士郎, 神足 勝英, 松田 真一郎, 水野 正夫
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1507-1510
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
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Instability theories of compression coiled springs were established some decades ago. According to these theories, when a slender coiled spring is gradually compressed, it suddenly generates a lateral deflection at the critical load. However, actual springs generate a lateral deflection gradually. When a coiled spring is compressed under condition that it is in a tube or a guided rod is inserted in it, the coiled spring may touch the wall of the tube or the rod as a consequence of lateral deflection. In this paper, compression tests were carried out for more than 200 coiled springs and lateral deflections were measured. We obtained the result that the direction and quantity of lateral deflection depends largely on the angle between the top and bottom tip-contact points of a coiled spring.
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沢 俊行, 諸星 常志, 山本 京一
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1511-1518
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
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Few investigations have been carried out on the characteristics of bolted joints subjected to external bending moments. The clamping force of bolts and the external bending moment are axi-asymmetric loads, and few investigations treating axi-asymmetric loads have been made. In this paper, the clamping effect and the force ratio in the case where clamped parts are pipe flanges subjected to external bending moments are analyzed as an axi-asymmetric problem using the three-dimensional theory of elasticity. For verification, experiments are carried out with respect to the distribution of contact stress and the force ratio for the external bending moment (relationship between an increment of bolt axial force and the external bending moment) . Analytical results are in a fairly good agreement with experimental ones.
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榎本 祐嗣
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1519-1525
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
One-way sliding experiments were performed on a single crystalline MgO rider against a flat sapphire surface or vice versa, and from which, the frictional shear deformation of MgO was described based on conventional theories of friction While the emprical shear strength to hardness ratio for metals is 0.2-0.3, that of a MgO crystal and some other brittle solids, determined from the present test, is 0.04-0.1. The one-way sliding test provides us with a simple and versatile method for evaluating the shear strength of brittle solids.
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吉田 彰, 藤田 公明
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1526-1531
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
In the case of a general roller testing machine which is- employed at researching the tooth surface fatigue of gear materials, the specific sliding on test roller is constant during a rotation of the test roller. In this report, a new roller testing machine which can give a continuously varying specific sliding to the test roller was developed using an eccentric gear mechanism and its characteristics were elucidated. In this new type machine, the specific sliding of the test roller changes continuously in the ranges of -125% to 0%, -50% to +33% and 0% to +56 %. The minimum oil film thichness between the test rollers changes during a rotation of the roller with the change of circumferential velocity ratio of the roller pair. The change of the tangential force between the rollers during a rotation of the roller depends upon the changes of the normal force and the friction coefficient between the rollers.
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鈴木 義友, 清野 慧, 矢内 節佳, 森川 邦彦, 榎本 泰治
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1532-1537
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
As an important facter in reducing car interior noise, the sound quality of gear noise, particularly the steady sound generated from transmission gears is of increasing importance. With the objective of reducing the source of gear noise, in the past, we presented a simplified method for evaluating gear noise with an eye on transmission error between gears, Through this method. elements influencing noise. such as the gear contact ratio and teeth error. were made clear, Now, this paper describes measurement on noise generated from five gears based on different de5ign criteria. These observations were conducted using a back-to-back gear tester in a semi-anechoic chamber. Gear noise was appraised through the size of the amplitude components in tran5mission error using the above mentioned simplified evaluation method. Thus, the effectiveness of this method was confirmed.
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藤尾 博重, 高田 亮平, 佐藤 隆治, 真下 伸也
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1538-1543
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
It was tried to compute pitch errors and tooth profile from single flank meshing test. Because tooth faces and flanks of a master gears which is composed with two parts was partially removed respectively, one pair meshing is always realized between the master gears and the test ones. Some kinds of pitch errors were obtained by compensating errors of the master gear from the transmitting error record. And the above mentioned records contain transmitting errors to tooth face and flank of the tested gears respectively. The superimposition of the records at a point of the curves gives a tooth profile of the test gears, The pitch errors and the profiles by the method are compared with the conventionally measured values. The pitch errors and the tooth profiles computed from the meshing test agree with them of the conventional measurement. Therefore this method shows a possibility of prompt measurement of gear error.
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塚本 尚久, 寺島 健一, 丸山 広樹, 青木 秀哉
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1544-1549
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
Recently, plastics, filled with various fibers to make fiber-reinforced composites, have been investigated, and their basic properties have been fairly extensively examined. However, the various properties of these plastics when they are applied to gears have scarcely been revealed. In this study, at first, we prepared three kinds of plastic gears with different fiber-filling rations and made running tests to examine abrasion of the teeth, change of the tooth profiles, temperature of the teeth and noise of the gear. Then we, compared these results with the running-test results of the MC nylon gear which had already been reported, to clarify as much as possible the operating characteristics of plastic gears filled with glass fibers.
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庄司 彰
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1550-1554
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
This paper describes rotary bending fatigue tests for plastic materials used for gears . The fatigue limits of plastics were measured and the fatigue fracture 5urfaces were observed using an electron microscope. In addition, the wear and failure of plastics were measured for number of revolutions of plastic gears, and the fatigue fracture surfaces of gear teeth were also observed. The results of fatigue test have something in common with those of the wear and failure of gears Two kinds of fatigue were demonstrated by the tests: one being thermal fatigue: and the other being fatigue due to the development of microscopic cracks, because the temperature of the test pieces were measured and the measured values were compared with the calculated values; both showing a rather good coincidence. The results provide data on the design and used of plastic gears.,
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岸 佐年, 両角 宗晴, 吉田 嘉太郎
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1555-1561
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
A precise analysis has been made on the profile of the relieving tool of the type 3 worm hob. Firstly the type 3 worm thread surface, which is normal to the basic thread surface of the hob, is chosen as the helical cutting face of the type 3 worm hob. Secondly the calculation method for the profile of the relieving tool for this worm hob is obtained. Thirdly the calculation method for the deviation from the tangent on the profile of the relieving tool is clarified. Then, the experimental manufacture of a relieving tool is performed by applying these calculation methods to a numerical example of the type 3 worm hob. The theories in this analysis are verified by practical relief cutting of the type 3 worm hob with the relieving tool. The necessity and the effectiveness of these calculation methods are confirmed.
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加藤 仁, 丸井 悦男, 橋本 正俊, 山田 寿勝
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1562-1570
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
Chatter vibration occurring in the spindle-workpiece system of a lathe is treated theoretically, considering the phase lags of cutting force and chatter marks, the dynamic variation effects of cutting velocity, and rake angle under vibration on cutting force. As a result, it is clarified that chatter vibration is mainly induced by the phase lag of the cutting force (primary chatter) and by the phase lag of chatter marks in successive cutting (regenerative chatter) . The dynamic variations of cutting velocity and rake angle make the spindle-workpiece system more unstable under vibration. The effect of cutting velocity variation is more remarkable than that of rake angle in both types of chatter. Chatter vibration can effectively be suppressed by enlarging the damping capacity of the system.
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鄭 潤教, 稲崎 一郎, 松井 敏
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1571-1576
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
Advanced ceramics have some excellent properties which are suitable for mechanical components. It is, however, quite difficult to grind ceramics with high efficiency because of their high strength, hardness and brittleness. Now, creep-feed grinding is well known as an effective technology to increase the productivity of form grinding. In this study, creep-feed grinding is carried out for representative advanced ceramics, such as Al
2O
3, Sic and Si
3N
4. The grinding force, surface roughness, chipping size and grinding ratio are experimentally investigated. In addition, some proposals are made to resolve adverse effects in creep-feed grinding. Experimental results show that a resinoid bonded diamond wheel with grooves on the grinding surface, which is proposed in this study, has an excellent performance. Furthermore, the influence of the grinding fluid on the creep-feed grinding is investigated.
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福本 功, 平敷 兼貴
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1577-1580
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
Some correlations between microstructual factors and grinding surface roughness have been investigated experimentally on the spheroidized cementite structure of 0.1-1.0 % C steels. The ferrite grain size, diameter of the cementite and cementite quantity were determined by micrographs and multi-regression analysis was conducted on the relation of these factors to the grinding surface roughness. An example of the squared regression obtained is given by R;= 1.815+0.050X -0.965Y + 0.065Z + 0.058XY + 0.057YZ - 0.004ZX - 0.002X
2 - 0.168Y
2 - 0.004 Z
2 where R
max, x, y and z denote the grinding surface roughness (maximum height roughness), the mean free-ferrite-path from grain boundary to grain boundary (μm), the inter-carbide distance (μm) and the amount of cementite(%), respectively.
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山口 勝美, 中本 剛, 木村 篤良
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1581-1588
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
Mixtures of ferrous metal powders (pure iron, austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel) and non-metal additives (glass, talc, boron nitride) are sintered and those materials are cut. Then, the progress of tool wear during cutting is examined, and the differences of tool life between the sintered materials are examined. Next, in order to clarify the reason why tool wear decreases with the addition of non-metal materials, the relief face after cutting is examined with an Electron Probe Microanalyzer. The conclusions obtained are as follows : (1) Tool life is prolonged by the action of additives in pure iron and austenitic stainless steel, but it is not prolonged in ferritic stainless steel. (2) Glass in the sintered metal acts as a lubricant on the relief face.
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西村 信三, 守時 一, 小岩 欣也, 草野 弘司
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1589-1593
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
In offset bending techniques, it is difficult to obtain identically shaped parts in the same operations because slight variations in mechanical properties and thickness of materials and forming accuracy in bending operations affect the configurations of bent parts. This paper deals with discrepancies in angles between loaded and unloaded states of main bent portions in order to furnish data for approved models of bending dies. These angles are measured using photographic techniques, and the springback and the difference in angles of parallel portions are calculated from these angles. The magnitude of these discrepancies depends on the bending angle and the bending height of the die setup and the sheet thickness, and relates to the loose fitness of bending sheets in dies at the final stages These discrepancies in die configurations and sheet thickness are well correlated with the ratios of the slope length to the arc length of dies.
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鈴木 俊男, 有浦 泰常, 上野 拓, 梅崎 洋二
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1594-1597
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
As the cutting condition of generating gears such as in hobbing is very complex, the specific cutting forces are different from those of orthogonal turning. In general, the specific cutting forces in hobbing are large, since the flowing chips interfere on the tool face. When two or three edges of a cutting tool cut simultaneo usly, the chips flow in different directions, and interfere with each other. In this paper, the specific cutting forces caused by the interference of flowing chips are investigated by cutting tests with round nose straight tools with various nose radii. As a result, the influence of the interference of flowing chips on the specific cutting forces becomes large with large undeformed chip thickness.
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山田 克彦, 土屋 和雄
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1598-1606
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
Equations of motion of a rigid multibody system whose base is free such as space structures are treated in this paper. First, we derive the equations of motion which denote the position of the center of mass of one body as generalized coordinates. These equations are easily applied to the base-fixed system as manipulators. Then, we derive the equations of motion which denote the position of the center of mass of the system as generalized coordinates. These equations are preferable for space structures because the orbital motion and the attitude motion are separated. The method of derivation is based on Kane's equations of motion. The method is suited not only for the tree configuration system, but also for the loop configuration system with cutting loops and using Lagrange's multipliers as constraint forces. The method has a high computation efficiency, and a computer simulation program is developed based on this method.
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伊東 弘一, 堀井 仙松, 片山 紘一
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1607-1613
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
The objective of this study is to develop a computer-aided optimal planning (CAP) system for the initial design of a cogeneration plant composed of gas engine driven generators. electric and gas refrigerators, gas engines and electric driven heat pumps. gas boilers, single-effect refrigerators, heat exchangers. etc. In the CAP system, first, energy demand categorized by electric power, space heating and cooling, and hot water supply together with the configuration of the plant's equipment and the tariff of fuel are determined. To execute the optimal operation of the cogeneration plant, the load allocation problem is investigated based on the mixed-integer linear programming method by adopting zero-one integer variables, indicating the on/off status of operation, together with continuous variables indicating the operational level of each equipment. Lastly. the economical evaluation of the plant is done based on the annual cost method.
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横山 良平, 赤木 新介, 伊東 弘一
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1614-1621
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
An optimal planning method based on a nonlinear programming approach is proposed for the initial design of plants. The optimal constitution and operational policy of equipment are investigated so as to minimize the tota1 annual cost of the plant. This planning problem is formulated as a mixed-discrete variable programming problem, in which discrete and zero-one integer variables are adopted to indicate respectively the scales and on/off status of operation together with continuous variables indicating the operational level. The generalized reduced gradient algorithm is adopted in order to take account of nonlinear equations representing performance characteristics and other properties of each piece of equipment, and is combined effectively with the branch and bound algorithm. The application of the proposed method is illustrated with the planning problem of an energy supply plant of an LNG carrier, and it is shown that this approach is an effective tool for designing plants.
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赤木 新介, 田中 敏幸, 窪西 英俊, 島本 幸次郎, 榎本 隆一
1987 年 53 巻 491 号 p.
1622-1628
発行日: 1987/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/21
ジャーナル
フリー
An expert CAD system is developed for the design of a marine power plant using the "Artificial Intelligence" concept. In this report, the design of a marine heat and electric power generation plant is treated in succession to the first report. The ideas make possible a two-level hierarchical system combining the A.I. technique with the design optimization method. The system architecture consists of the knowledge base for the design rules of the plant design and mixed integer progmamming for design optimization, The conceptual design process is supported to search the feasible candidates of the machineries constituting the plant, using the "design knowledge", then design optimization is applied to obtain the optimal design of the plant. The system runs interactively to assist a designer in the synthesis phase of the design. The developed system is also of value in the education of inexperienced designers.
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