The Keio Journal of Medicine
Online ISSN : 1880-1293
Print ISSN : 0022-9717
ISSN-L : 0022-9717
Volume 1, Issue 3
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • TAKASHI HAYASHI
    1952 Volume 1 Issue 3 Pages 175-187
    Published: 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. In the cerebral cortex of dog, there was an area which produces mastication through (appropriate) electrical or chemical stimulation. The extension of the area covers gyrus coronarius, ectosylvius anterior, compositus anterior and con-nected through operculum to gyros hippocampi.
    2. The above area was a part of the area which produces clonic convulsion, so that, there would be located the motor cells of mastication and at the same time the motor cells of clonic convulsion.
    3. The representation of mastication was physiologically divided into two, the one was the area covered gyrus coronarius, ectosylvius anterior, compositus anterior, which initiated the cortical mastication, and the other was operculum and gyrus hippocampi, which initiated the mastication through the former area. If the former area would be thought to correspond with the motor area for clonic con-vulsion, the latter would correspond to the extramotor area of it.
    4. The cortical mastication which was initiated from the motor area descends a pathway to homolateral ventral nucleus of thalamus, within which there is first relay cells. From thalamus it passes to the contralateral rostral outer part in the substantia reticularis of midbrain, which is the executing center of mastica-tion connected as a bilateral functional level. From where the third neurone descends to the motor nuclei of the trigeminal and hypoglosal.
    5. Thus the efferent pathway of the cortical mastication had at least three relay till the cranial motor nuclei, so that, this system must be considered as a system of the extrapyramidal motor systems, with which the relation of voluntary move-ment was discussed in the text.
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  • TEISHO AOKI, TAKASHI KOBAYASHI, MORIMASA YOSHIOKA
    1952 Volume 1 Issue 3 Pages 189-198
    Published: 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. Cases of autopsy and biopsy are reported in which brucellal infection are proved, based chiefly on the positive thermoprecipitation reaction of tissues, aided by the parallel coincidence of positive serum agglutination against brucella. These cases have been diagnosed Hodkin's disease, reticulum cell sarcoma, polymorphocellular reticulum cell sarcoma and giant follicular lymphoma. In one autopsy case of Hodgkin's disease Brucella suis has been cultured from the spleen.
    2. The thermoprecipitation test of the tissues against antibrucella immune rabbit serum and the serum agglutination against brucella have been proved to be positive both with the cases of Hodgkin's disease and with the guinea pigs infected experimentally with brucella. In addition Brucella suis has been cultured from a case of Hodgkin's disease. Moreover significant resemblance in histological features are shown both in Hodgkin's disease and in the experimentally infected guinea pigs with brucella.
    3. In several cases of reticulum cell sarcomas and a case of giant follicular lymphoma the thermoprecipitation reaction of the tissues against antibrucella immune rabbit sera and the serum agglutination reaction against brucella have been also proved to be positive, indicating almost conclusively the infection with brucella.
    4. The foregoing facts lead us to believe that the causative agent of Hodgkin's disease is brucellal infection, and even reticulum cell sarcoma and giant follicular lymphoma might also have the same causative relationship with brucellal infection. We believe the important role played in the production of apparently different diseases by infection of brucella, namely Morbus Bang on one hand, and Hodgkin's disease on the other, are due to the species of brucella infected and the allergic state of disease. As to the solutions of the problem of blastomatous characters of reticulum cell sarcoma and giant follicular lymphoma it has to be depended on further studies in future.
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  • TADAYOSHI KOBAYASHI, YONOSUKE WATANABE
    1952 Volume 1 Issue 3 Pages 199-209
    Published: 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • CHIAKI KAWAHATA
    1952 Volume 1 Issue 3 Pages 211-214
    Published: 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. Experiments were made in 16 cases.
    2. Of 8 cases which showed histologic changes of the heart, 7 recorded positive flocculation of the myocardial phosphatide (88%); one was without histologic changes and the reaction was negative; 7 were without histologic changes and the reaction was positive.
    3. Of 15 cases which showed histologic changes of tho liver, 14 recorded positive flocculation of the hepatic phosphatide (93%); one was without histologic changes and the reaction was positive.
    4. Histologic changes of the kidney were observed in all 16 cases and 9 showed positive flocculation of the renal phosphatide (560).
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  • TADAYOSHI KOBAYASHI, YONOSUKE WATANABE
    1952 Volume 1 Issue 3 Pages 215-232
    Published: 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1) The authors reported four cases of kernicterus occurred in Japan.
    2) The incidence of kernicterus is very low in Japan. Only twelve cases of kernicterus, including the cases reported above, have been reported in Japan.
    3) Of the four cases reported above, two cases were associated with ery-throblastosis fetalis and in another two cases erythroblastosis fetalis could be reasonably excluded.
    4) Of the twelve cases of kernicterus reported in Japan, ten cases were not associated with erythroblastosis fetalis (83%). It is supposed that such high incidence of kernicterus without erythroblastosis fetalis would be related to some racial specifities.
    5) In agreement with W. W. Zuelzer and R. T. Mudgett(16), some differences were noticeable between the cases of kernicterus with erythroblastosis fetalis and those without erythroblastosis fetalis concerning the clinical and pathologic-anatomic findings.
    6) The formation of the characteristic giant cells was observed in the liver in three cases. These giant cells were considered to originate from both liver cells and Kupffer cells. These giant cells differ from megakaryocyte and the giant cell seen in the liver of syphilitic newborn. Only a few descriptions about giant cell formation in the liver, which was thought to be identical with that seen in the cases reported above, were available. The pathological significance of these giant cells is not clear, but there are some evidences showing that these giant cells are occasionally formed in the liver of newborns with severe icterus.
    7) The role of a specific icteric pigment in pathogenesis of kernicterus cannot be excluded.
    I would like to express our gratitude to Dr. T. Furuhata, professor of medical juris-prudence, Tokyo University School of Medicine, for his invaluable help for the determination of blood group and to Dr. M. Furuta and Dr. S. Kambe, pathologists to ABCC in Hiroshima, who kindely permit us to examine their slides of the cases of kernicterus.
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  • HTSAO YOSHIZAWA
    1952 Volume 1 Issue 3 Pages 235-243
    Published: 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1) In order to study the correlation between the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and each fraction of the plasma protein in pulmonary tuberculosis cases, the samples in a total of 153 of plasma protein were obtained from 57 patients and examined by the electrophoretic method, and the correlation between the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and concentration of each fraction in plasma protein is statistical-ly discussed.
    2) There is a significant negative correlation between albumin and the com-mon logarithmic value of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, a significant positive correlation between total globulin, fibrinogen, α-globulin, β-globulin and γ-globulin and the common logarithmic value of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. There was no correlation between the concentration of total protein and the common logarithmic value of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
    3) The correlation between albumin and total globulin and fibrinogen and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is high. In comparison between albumin and total globulin, total globulin shows the strongest correlation and fibrinogen in globulin fractions shows also the strongest, while there is no orders in degrees with the others.
    4) After having calculated the reggression-lines between the concentration of the fractions of plasma protein and the common logarithmic value of the erythrocyte sedimentation rates, I found that there were very close relation when the sedimenta-tion rates are low. But when the rates are high over certain limits the relations become less close.
    Therefore, when the sedimentation rate is markedly accelerated the role of the unstability of plasma protein is no more overwhelming and the effects of various other factors must be considered as well. Furthermore the influence of the propor-tions of each fraction of protein can not be ignored.
    I am indebted to Prof. Jiro Ishida and Assistant Prof. Jiro Gorni, the depart-tuent of internal medicine, for their many valuable advices. Thanks arc also due to my colleague M. Honda for his kind assistance and to Instructor S. Sato, the chief of the laboratory of clinical statistics, for criticisms on statistical procedures.
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  • MASAHIKO NOGUCHI
    1952 Volume 1 Issue 3 Pages 245-248
    Published: 1952
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. In winter the blood pressure of A. centralis retinae rises by undressing but in summer no change could he found.
    2. The influence of the warm bath on the blood pressure of A. centralis retinae could be divided into 3 stages. There is a sudden rise just after the body is ex- posed in the warm bath followed by decends for a while and rise again at the end of the bath. The blood pressure of A, centralis retinae is higher by the crouching posture during bath than that of the sitting posture. The higher the water temperature the higher is the blood pressure and in winter the initial ascend rate of the blood pressure is larger than that in summer but in summer the ter-minal ascend rate is larger than that in winter.
    3. After bath the blood pressure descends to the initial blood pressure for a while then it gradually recovers to the normal pressure.
    4. The rising degree of the blood pressure of A. centralis retinae during bath in the cases with high blood pressure were higher than that in the healthy cases. By the results obtained by these experiments it can be concluded that the fol-lowing cares are necessary in order to prevent the attack of cerebral hemorrhage by taking a warm bath.
    1) In winter the cold body must not be exposed to the hot water suddenly.
    2) A long hot bath is contraindicated in summer.
    3) A hot bath is contraindicated to those with high blood pressure.
    4) The Japanese bath tub must be changed as it causes the marked. rise of the blood pressure in the cranium.
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